RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Scapular dyskinesis has been associated with shoulder dysfunctions, and changes in electromyographic (EMG) activity have been reported during the execution of some exercises. OBJECTIVE: To compare upper limb muscles EMG of asymptomatic subjects with and without scapular dyskinesis during bench-press and dumbbell fly exercise performed on different surface stability conditions. METHODS: Twenty-eight physically active men were allocated into two groups: Control group (n= 14) and Dyskinesis group (n= 14). The participants performed six repetitions lasting three seconds of the bench press and dumbbell fly exercises with 50% of one-repetition maximum (1RM) on a bench and a Swiss ball. The EMG activity of the pectoralis major, serratus anterior, upper and lower trapezius, anterior deltoid, biceps and triceps muscles were recorded. RESULTS: No differences were found between groups, regardless of exercise or surface type. Inserting the unstable surface in the supine exercise promoted a slight increase in upper trapezius EMG activity for the control [4.32 (95% CI: 1.04 to 7.60)] and dyskinesis [3.30 (95% CI: 0.34 to 6.27)] groups. CONCLUSIONS: There is no difference in upper limb muscle EMG activity between subjects with and without scapular dyskinesis. In addition, inserting unstable surfaces did not modify EMG activity.
Assuntos
Escápula , Músculos Superficiais do Dorso , Humanos , Eletromiografia , Escápula/fisiologia , Músculo Esquelético/fisiologia , Terapia por Exercício , Ombro/fisiologia , Músculos Superficiais do Dorso/fisiologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of 24 weeks of strength training on stable (ST) and unstable surfaces (UST) on the functional mobility, balance, and concern about falling in healthy older adults, younger than 70. DESIGN: A single-center randomized clinical trial. PARTICIPANTS: Sixty-four older adults (58 females and 6 males; 68 years) were randomized into control, ST, or UST groups. INTERVENTIONS: Both ST and UST intervention groups received a core muscle, upper, and lower limb moderate-intensity strength exercises using stable and unstable surfaces. The classes were performed three times per week over a 24-week period. The control group did not receive any type of active intervention. MEASUREMENTS: The primary outcome measures were the dynamic balance (Berg Balance Scale (BBS)) and functional mobility (timed up and go (TUG) test). The secondary outcomes included the sitting and rising test (SRT) and Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FESI) scores. RESULTS: There was a significant improvement in balance performance (BBS = +4 points) after 24 weeks of both ST (+1.22; 95% CI, -0.19 to 2.63) and UST (+2.26; 95% CI, 0.83-3.70) compared with the control group. Additionally, compared with the control, only UST experienced functional mobility gains (TUG = -2.44; 95% CI, -4.41 to -0.48; SRT = +1.12; 95% CI, 0.08-2.17) and decreased concern about falling (FESI = -4.41; 95% CI, -9.30 to -0.27). CONCLUSION: Long-term ST with and without unstable devices was effective to improve dynamic balance in older adults. Furthermore, the effects of UST were extended to functional mobility gains and reduced concern about falling.