RESUMO
Radiation therapy on the left side of the chest, some chemotherapy drugs, and trastuzumab raise the risk of cardiac events. Acute chest pain associated with breast cancer is not common, but it is possible. Electrocardiogram, which can result normal in up to 80% of cases of infarction, and serial dosing of myocardial necrosis markers are fundamental for differential diagnosis. Total creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase-MB fraction (CK-MB), and troponins are frequently used. We present the case of a patient with atypical chest pain associated with elevation of CK and CK-MB, whose evolution and complementary exams showed to be a thoracic tumor recurrence. We discuss the use of these markers for acute chest pain; possible differential diagnoses, the use of CKMB relative index and, particularly, the presence of macro CK in some breast cancer patients which in the case herein presented was a marker of tumor progression.
A radioterapia do lado esquerdo do tórax, alguns quimioterápicos e o trastuzumabe elevam o risco de eventos cardíacos. A dor torácica aguda associada ao câncer de mama não é um evento frequente, mas é possível. No diagnóstico diferencial, faz-se necessário o eletrocardiograma, que pode ser normal em até 80% dos infartos, e a dosagem seriada de marcadores de necrose miocárdica, sendo frequentemente utilizados a creatinoquinase (CK) total, a creatinnoquinase fração MB (CK-MB) e as troponinas. Apresentamos o caso de uma paciente com dor torácica atípica associada à elevação sérica da CK e da CK-MB, sendo que a evolução e os exames complementares mostraram tratar-se de uma recorrência tumoral torácica. Discutem-se a utilização desses marcadores na dor torácica aguda, os diagnósticos diferenciais possíveis, a utilização do índice relativo CK-MB e, em especial, as macro CK presentes em algumas portadoras de câncer de mama, o que, nessa paciente, foi um marcador de progressão tumoral.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) is still a common problem in developing countries. Extensive resections are aimed at local control and improving quality of life. Dermofat flaps are an option for medium-sized defects. OBJECTIVES: Evaluate the results of a new thoracoabdominal flap (TAF). METHODS: We describe and evaluate an ipsilateral, thoracoabdominal horizontal, dermofat (ITADE) flap performed in patients submitted to mastectomy and immediate reconstruction. A systematic review of the flaps used in this situation was performed. RESULTS: A total of 23 patients underwent the ITADE flap. The average flap size was 360 cm2 . One (4.3%) patient presented extensive loss of the flap. In the literature review, we observed 354 patients with 159 TAFs. We added our cases to the evaluation. A significant reduction in the risk of necrosis using myocutaneous flaps versus TAFs was observed (P < 0.001). Comparing other TAFs and ITADE flaps, considering all necrosis, a significant difference was apparent (P = 0.02), which disappeared when evaluating only larger necrosis (P = 0.13). Multivariate analysis showed that the resected area was the best variable related to the presence of necrosis. CONCLUSIONS: ITADE allows extensive coverage areas, an early start of adjuvant treatment and it can be performed without requiring a reconstructive team.