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DESTAQUES ● Este mapa de evidências apresenta resultados de efetividade de intervenções realizadas em escolas, recuperadas da literatura científica global. ● Foram incluídos 217 revisões sistemáticas (RS) e 3 estudos primários que avaliaram os efeitos de treze ações relativas à Promoção da Saúde em Escolas. ● Quanto à qualidade metodológica, as RS foram assim classificadas: 9 de confiança alta, 14 moderada, 16 baixa e 178 criticamente baixas. ● As intervenções foram categorizadas segundo as ações previstas no Programa Saúde na Escola (PSE): 1) Combate ao Aedes aegypti; 2) Promoção da atividade física; 3) Promoção da cidadania ; 4) Prevenção da Covid-19; 5) Promoção de direitos sexuais e reprodutivos; 6) Controle de doenças negligenciadas; 7) Ações de saúde auditiva; 8) Ações de saúde bucal; 9) Ações de saúde ocular; 10) Promoção da alimentação saudável; 11) Monitoramento da situação vacinal; 12) Prevenção e uso de substâncias e 13) Prevenção de violências e acidentes.

HIGHLIGHTS ● This evidence map presents results on the effectiveness of interventions carried out in schools, retrieved from the global scientific literature. ● A total of 217 systematic reviews (SRs) and 3 primary studies that evaluated the effects of thirteen actions related to Health Promotion in Schools were included. ● Regarding methodological quality, the SRs were classified as follows: 9 with high confidence, 14 moderate, 16 low and 178 critically low. ● The interventions were categorized according to the actions provided for in the Brazilian School Health Program (PSE): 1) Combating Aedes aegypti; 2) Promoting physical activity; 3) Promoting citizenship; 4) Preventing Covid-19; 5) Promoting sexual and reproductive rights; 6) Controlling neglected diseases; 7) Hearing health actions; 8) Oral health actions; 9) Eye health actions; 10) Promoting healthy eating; 11) Monitoring vaccination status; 12) Prevention and use of substances and 13) Prevention of violence and accidents.

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[RESUMO]. Objetivo. Apresentar a experiência de um serviço de resposta rápida para apoiar a tomada de decisão em saúde. Método. São descritos os processos e resultados de um serviço de produção de revisões rápidas e mapas de evidências para apoiar a tomada de decisão no âmbito da Política Nacional de Promoção da Saúde, bem como a percepção dos autores sobre o processo de trabalho. Resultados. O serviço de resposta rápida teve início em 2020. Até dezembro de 2023, foram produzidas 54 revisões rápidas e cinco mapas de evidências, abrangendo nove temáticas de Promoção da Saúde. Estes produtos foram desenvolvidos em quatorze etapas por uma equipe composta por coordenador, supervisoras, revisores e bibliotecária. O desenvolvimento das respostas rápidas se configurou um processo de tradução do conhecimento e envolveu a interação contínua entre as equipes demandantes e de produção. O estabelecimento de comunicação efetiva foi um fator crítico para que os produtos fossem entregues em tempo oportuno e alinhados às necessidades dos tomadores de decisão e seus apoiadores. Conclusão. Os serviços de resposta rápida podem contribuir para melhorar o uso de evidências na tomada de decisão nas políticas e sistemas de saúde.

[ABSTRACT]. Objective. Present the experience of a rapid response service to support decision-making in health systems. Methodology. Description of the processes and results of a service that produces rapid reviews and evidence maps to support decision-making under the National Health Promotion Policy, as well as the authors' perception of the work process. Results. The rapid response service started in 2020. By December 2023, 54 rapid reviews and five evidence maps had been produced, covering nine health promotion topics. These products were developed in 14 stages by a team made up of a coordinator, supervisors, proofreaders, and a librarian. The development of rapid responses involved a knowledge translation process, with continuous interactions between the requesting teams and production teams. Establishing effective communication was a critical factor in delivering products on time and in line with the needs of decision-makers and their supporters. Conclusion. Rapid response services can help improve the use of evidence for decision-making in health policies and health systems.

[RESUMEN]. Objetivo. Presentación de la experiencia de un servicio de respuesta rápida para brindar apoyo a la toma de decisiones en materia de salud. Método. Se describen los procesos y resultados de un servicio de elaboración de revisiones rápidas y mapas de evidencia para brindar apoyo a la toma de decisiones en el marco de la Política Nacional de Promoción de la Salud, así como la percepción de los autores sobre el proceso de trabajo. Resultados. El servicio de respuesta rápida se inició en el 2020. Hasta diciembre del 2023, se habían elaborado 54 revisiones rápidas y cinco mapas de evidencia, que abarcaban nueve temas de promoción de la salud. Estos productos fueron elaborados en 14 etapas por un equipo formado por un coordinador, varios supervisores y revisores y un bibliotecario. La elaboración de respuestas rápidas fue un proceso de traducción del conocimiento e implicó una interacción continua entre los equipos solicitantes y el equipo de elaboración. El establecimiento de una comunicación eficaz fue un factor decisivo para entregar los productos a tiempo y en consonancia con las necesidades de los responsables de la toma de decisiones y su personal de apoyo. Conclusión. Los servicios de respuesta rápida pueden ayudar a mejorar el uso de evidencia en la toma de decisiones relacionadas con las políticas y los sistemas de salud.

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Contexto - A Política Nacional de Saúde Integral da População Negra (PNSIPN) foi instituída em 2009, com o objetivo de "promover a saúde integral da população negra, priorizando a redução das desigualdades étnico-raciais, o combate ao racismo e à discriminação nas instituições e nos serviços do SUS". Entre as pessoas em vulnerabilidade por questões étnico-raciais, a população negra e a indígena estão entre as que sofrem com diversas iniquidades em saúde ocasionadas por barreiras estruturais e cotidianas que incidem negativamente nos indicadores de saúde. Diante do panorama iniciado pela PNSIPN, foram estabelecidos indicadores para o monitoramento da implementação e o desenvolvimento do Guia de Implementação do Quesito Raça/Cor/Etnia. Pergunta - Qual é o grau de qualidade do preenchimento do quesito raça/cor nos sistemas de registro de dados administrativos da saúde? Métodos - As buscas foram realizadas em julho de 2024 nas bases de dados BVS - Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde e Google Acadêmico. Foram utilizados os filtros temporais (2019 a 2024). O processo de seleção de estudos recuperados foi realizado em duplicidade e de modo independente. Resultados - De 1.340 registros recuperados nas buscas, 27 estudos foram incluídos. Os resultados são apresentados de acordo com os sistemas de informação analisados.

Context - The National Policy for Comprehensive Health of the Black Population (PNSIPN) was established in 2009, with the objective of "promoting the comprehensive health of the black population, prioritizing the reduction of ethnic-racial inequalities, combating racism and discrimination in SUS institutions and services". Among people vulnerable due to ethnic-racial issues, the black and indigenous populations are among those who suffer from various health inequities caused by structural and daily barriers that negatively impact health indicators. Given the panorama initiated by the PNSIPN, indicators were established to monitor the implementation and develop the Implementation Guide for the Race/Color/Ethnicity Question. Question - What is the degree of quality of filling out the race/color question in the administrative health data registration systems? Methods - The searches were carried out in July 2024 in the BVS - Virtual Health Library and Google Scholar databases. Time filters were used (2019 to 2024). The selection process of retrieved studies was carried out in duplicate and independently. Results - Of 1,340 records retrieved in the searches, 27 studies were included. The results are presented according to the information systems analyzed.

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Contexto - Para promover o crescimento e o desenvolvimento saudáveis das crianças é necessária uma alimentação adequada desde o início da vida. No entanto, muitas crianças vivem em famílias em situação de insegurança alimentar. Garantir a biodisponibilidade adequada dos micronutrientes é essencial para a eficácia de intervenções nutricionais, especialmente em programas de suplementação destinados a atender populações vulnerabilizadas. Pergunta - Quais são as evidências sobre a biodisponibilidade de cada micronutriente da fórmula dos sachês de Micronutrientes em Pó - NutriSUS para crianças de 6 a 24 meses? Métodos - As buscas por estudos foram realizadas em julho de 2024 nas bases de dados Pubmed, Embase e LILACS - Literatura Latino-Americano e do Caribe de Informação em Ciências da Saúde. Nesta revisão rápida, apenas a seleção de estudos foi realizada em duplicidade e de modo independente. Resultados - As buscas resultaram em 1.805 registros recuperados. Após seleção por leitura de títulos e resumos, 15 estudos elegíveis foram lidos na íntegra, dos quais cinco foram incluídos. Os desfechos analisados referem-se principalmente à absorção do ferro.

Context - To promote healthy growth and development in children, adequate nutrition is necessary from the beginning of life. However, many children live in families experiencing food insecurity. Ensuring adequate bioavailability of micronutrients is essential for the effectiveness of nutritional interventions, especially in supplementation programs aimed at serving vulnerable populations. Question - What is the evidence on the bioavailability of each micronutrient in the formula of the Micronutrient Powder sachets - NutriSUS for children aged 6 to 24 months? Methods - Searches for studies were conducted in July 2024 in the Pubmed, Embase and LILACS databases - Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences Information. In this rapid review, only the selection of studies was performed in duplicate and independently. Results - The searches resulted in 1,805 retrieved records. After selection by reading titles and abstracts, 15 eligible studies were read in full, of which five were included. The outcomes analyzed mainly refer to iron absorption.

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OBJECTIVE: To map evidence on nursing care for women with HELLP syndrome. METHOD: A scoping review with searches carried out in May 2023, independently, in the PubMed/MEDLINE, LILACS, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, CINAHL, CAPES Theses and Dissertations Catalog and Cochrane Library databases, correlating the descriptors HELLP Syndrome, Nursing Care and Obstetric Nursing and its synonyms, without delimitation of time and language. Selection was carried out by three researchers independently and resolved by consensus. RESULTS: Of the 129 studies, ten were selected, which made up the final sample. The studies date from 2004 to 2022, with a predominance of English language and clinical case studies. A greater occurrence of the syndrome was observed in second-time pregnant women in the second decade of life, with a gestational age from 32 weeks, which resulted in an emergency cesarean section, and all newborns were discharged accompanied by their mothers. Studies that described nursing diagnoses and focused on nursing care were retrieved. From the review, 39 nursing care were identified. CONCLUSION: This review pointed out the magnitude of the syndrome, however with a lack of studies.

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Contexto - A alimentação inadequada nos primeiros anos de vida está associada à morbimortalidade de crianças, representada por doenças infecciosas, afecções respiratórias, cárie dental, desnutrição, excesso de peso e carências específicas de micronutrientes como de ferro, zinco e vitamina A. O Estudo Nacional de Alimentação e Nutrição Infantil (ENANI), realizado em 2019 com crianças brasileiras de até 5 anos, mostrou uma redução na prevalência de anemia de 20,9%, em 2006, para 10,1%, em 2019, com diferenças entre as regiões brasileiras. Evidências indicam que o fornecimento de alimentos complementares fortificados a crianças dos 6 aos 23 meses podem reduzir a anemia em 43% e aumentar as concentrações de hemoglobina de forma significativa. Pergunta - Qual é a efetividade das estratégias de fortificação de micronutrientes em pó (MNP) implementadas na alimentação de crianças de 6 meses até 59 meses? Métodos - As buscas por revisões sistemáticas (RS) foram realizadas em abril de 2024 nas bases de dados Lilacs - Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Pubmed, Embase e Epistemonikos. Nesta revisão rápida, apenas a seleção de estudos foi realizada em duplicidade e de modo independente. Resultados - As buscas resultaram em 109 registros recuperados. Após seleção por leitura de títulos e resumos, 17 RS elegíveis foram lidas na íntegra, das quais quatro foram incluídas. Os achados foram organizados de acordo com grupos de desfechos avaliados nos estudos: anemia e seus indicadores, estado nutricional, níveis séricos de micronutrientes, eventos adversos.

Context - Inadequate nutrition in the first years of life is associated with morbidity and mortality in children, represented by infectious diseases, respiratory conditions, dental caries, malnutrition, overweight and specific deficiencies of micronutrients such as iron, zinc and vitamin A. The National Study of Child Feeding and Nutrition (ENANI), carried out in 2019 with Brazilian children up to 5 years old, showed a reduction in the prevalence of anemia from 20.9%, in 2006, to 10.1%, in 2019, with differences between Brazilian regions. Evidence indicates that providing fortified complementary foods to children aged 6 to 23 months can reduce anemia by 43% and significantly increase hemoglobin concentrations. Question - How effective are the strategies for fortifying powdered micronutrients (MNP) implemented in the diets of children aged 6 months to 59 months? Methods - Searches for systematic reviews (SRs) were conducted in April 2024 in the databases Lilacs - Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences, Pubmed, Embase and Epistemonikos. In this rapid review, only the selection of studies was performed in duplicate and independently. Results - The searches resulted in 109 retrieved records. After selection by reading titles and abstracts, 17 eligible SRs were read in full, of which four were included. The findings were organized according to groups of outcomes evaluated in the studies: anemia and its indicators, nutritional status, serum micronutrient levels, adverse events.

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The safety of exercise practice by individuals with cardiovascular disease is due to a good clinical evaluation to identify patients with a higher risk of adverse events, thus the study of simple variables capable of predicting the rate of events during exercise is relevant and may provide better screening tools to be applied in the clinical practice. The study aimed to evaluate if clinical and physical parameters can predict the rate of adverse events during exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation. This was a cohort study that followed 73 patients during 24 sessions of exercise. Were registered 217 simple adverse events, at a rate of 2.5 events per hour of exercise. We found that higher adiposity, worse pulmonary function, lower functional capacity, and reduced heart rate variability were significant and acceptable predictors of adverse events during exercise, according to the ROC curve analysis. We state that these simple physical parameters may be useful for cardiac risk stratification in cardiac rehabilitation programs with low resources, contributing to its safety.

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Under the recently adopted Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, 196 Parties committed to reporting the status of genetic diversity for all species. To facilitate reporting, three genetic diversity indicators were developed, two of which focus on processes contributing to genetic diversity conservation: maintaining genetically distinct populations and ensuring populations are large enough to maintain genetic diversity. The major advantage of these indicators is that they can be estimated with or without DNA-based data. However, demonstrating their feasibility requires addressing the methodological challenges of using data gathered from diverse sources, across diverse taxonomic groups, and for countries of varying socio-economic status and biodiversity levels. Here, we assess the genetic indicators for 919 taxa, representing 5271 populations across nine countries, including megadiverse countries and developing economies. Eighty-three percent of the taxa assessed had data available to calculate at least one indicator. Our results show that although the majority of species maintain most populations, 58% of species have populations too small to maintain genetic diversity. Moreover, genetic indicator values suggest that IUCN Red List status and other initiatives fail to assess genetic status, highlighting the critical importance of genetic indicators.

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This study aims to examine the effectiveness of mycocins produced by Wickerhamomyces anomalus in inhibiting Malassezia pachydermatis, a yeast commonly found in the ear canal of dogs. M. pachydermatis has a zoophilic origin and can be found in mammals, and frequently in dogs, where it mainly colonizes the ear canal region and the skin, leading to lesions that are difficult to treat. The antimicrobial mechanism was evaluated using dilutions of supernatant with enzymatic activity, which may include ß-glucanases, glycoproteins known to act on microorganism cell walls. However, it is important to note that this supernatant may contain other compounds as well. ß-glucanases in the mycocins supernatant were found at a concentration of 0.8 U/mg. The susceptibility of M. pachydermatis isolates was tested using the microdilution method. The isolates suffered 100% inhibition when tested with the culture supernatant containing mycocins. In the proteinases production test, 44% of the isolates tested were strong proteinases producers. Subsequently all these isolates suffered inhibition of their activity when tested in research medium containing mycocins supernatant at a subinhibitory concentration of ß-glucanases. This shows that mycocins can inhibit the production of proteinases, a virulence factor of M. pachydermatis. The viability test showed the antifungal action of mycocins in inhibiting the viability of M. pachydermatis cells after a period of 8  hours of contact. These results support the antimicrobial potential of mycocins and their promise as a therapeutic option.

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Contexto - As mortes maternas, em sua maioria, são consideradas evitáveis. Near miss materno, situação de uma mulher que quase morreu devido a uma complicação materna grave, é um critério relacionado à prevenção de mortes maternas. Ambas podem ser afetadas por iniquidades em saúde. Nesse sentido, o objetivo desta revisão rápida foi identificar como as iniquidades em saúde influenciam as taxas de mortes maternas e de near miss. Pergunta - Quais são as evidências sobre as taxas de mortalidade materna e near miss no contexto de iniquidades em saúde? Métodos - As buscas de estudos primários e secundários foram realizadas em 22 de abril de 2024 nas bases de dados Lilacs - Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (via Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde - BVS), Pubmed e Epistemonikos. A seleção de estudos foi realizada em duplicidade e de modo independente. Apenas as revisões sistemáticas foram avaliadas quanto à qualidade metodológica. Resultados - De 360 registros recuperados nas buscas, 19 estudos foram incluídos. Os estudos se referem a dados especialmente dos Estados Unidos, com foco em mulheres negras. Apenas dois estudos abordam o contexto brasileiro. Os achados foram agrupados em duas categorias: (i) iniquidades em saúde e mortalidade materna; (ii) iniquidades em saúde e near miss.

Context - Most maternal deaths are considered preventable. Maternal near miss, a situation in which a woman almost died due to a serious maternal complication, is a criterion related to the prevention of maternal deaths. Both can be affected by health inequities. In this sense, the objective of this rapid review was to identify how health inequities influence the rates of maternal deaths and near miss. Question - What is the evidence on maternal mortality and near miss rates in the context of health inequities? Methods - Searches for primary and secondary studies were carried out on April 22, 2024 in the databases Lilacs - Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (via the Virtual Health Library - VHL), Pubmed and Epistemonikos. Study selection was performed in duplicate and independently. Only systematic reviews were assessed for methodological quality. Results - Of 360 records retrieved in the searches, 19 studies were included. The studies refer to data especially from the United States, with a focus on black women. Only two studies address the Brazilian context. The findings were grouped into two categories: (i) health inequities and maternal mortality; (ii) health inequities and near miss.

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CONTEXT: Consumption of the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) has beneficial effects on cardiometabolic health and aging. OBJECTIVE: This systematic review aimed to critically investigate the effect of the MedDiet on glycation markers in healthy or overweight individuals with type 2 diabetes or cardiovascular disease. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were searched, using the terms "Mediterranean diet" AND "glycation end products, advanced". DATA EXTRACTION: Three randomized and 3 nonrandomized clinical trials, containing data on 2935 adult and elderly individuals with normal weight or overweight, were included. All extracted data were compiled, compared, and critically analyzed. DATA ANALYSIS: The authors of most of the studies demonstrated a reduction in serum concentrations of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), such as εN-carboxymethyllysine and methylglyoxal, and in skin autofluorescence levels after at least 4 weeks of adherence to the MedDiet. The MedDiet also led to positive effects on gene expression of receptors for AGEs, as RAGE and AGER1, and an enzyme involved in detoxification (glyoxalase I). There is no evidence that short-term adherence affects glycation markers. CONCLUSIONS: Glycation markers improved in response to the MedDiet. The possible mechanisms involved may be related to the low AGE and refined sugars content of the diet, as well as its high monounsaturated fatty acid, phenolic compound, and dietary fiber contents. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO registration no. CRD42021284006.

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Contexto - A Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional (VAN) consiste em uma ferramenta que auxilia a promoção de saúde em relação a informações sobre alimentação, nutrição e seus determinantes na população. Devido à sua importância para organização da atenção nutricional e garantia da segurança alimentar e nutricional, é necessário conhecer estratégias para o aumento da cobertura e execução das ações na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Pergunta - Quais estratégias foram implementadas para aumentar a cobertura da Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional e avaliação do consumo alimentar na Atenção Primária à Saúde? Métodos - As buscas de estudos primários e secundários foram realizadas em dezembro de 2023 nas bases de dados da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações e Google Acadêmico. Apenas a seleção de estudos foi realizada em duplicidade e de modo independente. Resultados - De 266 registros recuperados nas buscas, 10 estudos foram incluídos. Os estudos se referem a dados do país, de alguns estados ou de regiões e municípios. De modo geral, os achados apontam para uma baixa cobertura no registro de dados.

Context - Food and Nutrition Surveillance (VAN) is a tool that helps promote health in relation to information on food, nutrition and their determinants in the population. Due to its importance for organizing nutritional care and ensuring food and nutritional security, it is necessary to know strategies for increasing coverage and implementing actions in Primary Health Care. Question - What strategies have been implemented to increase the coverage of Food and Nutrition Surveillance and assessment of food consumption in Primary Health Care? Methods - Searches for primary and secondary studies were carried out in December 2023 in the databases of the Virtual Health Library, the Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations and Google Scholar. Only the selection of studies was carried out in duplicate and independently. Results - Of 266 records retrieved in the searches, 10 studies were included. The studies refer to data from the country, some states or regions and municipalities. Overall, the findings point to low coverage in data recording.

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Contexto - A Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional (VAN), é uma forma de avaliação contínua relacionada à alimentação e nutrição da população e aos seus fatores de risco. Os dados consolidados da VAN podem auxiliar na análise e discussão de casos, na elaboração de estratégias e critérios de vulnerabilidade e na tomada de decisões no âmbito da Atenção Primária à Saúde. Pergunta - Quais são os desafios para a implementação da Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional de populações em vulnerabilidade social na Atenção Primária à Saúde? Métodos - As buscas de estudos foram realizadas em março de 2024, nas bases de dados Medline (via PubMed), Literatura Latino Americana e do Caribe - LILACS (via Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde - BVS), Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD). Utilizando atalhos de revisão rápida, apenas a seleção de estudos foi realizada em duplicata e de modo independente. Não foi realizada a avaliação da qualidade metodológica dos estudos incluídos. Resultados - De 325 registros identificados nas buscas das bases de dados, 3 estudos foram incluídos. Os estudos analisaram os desafios relacionados aos beneficiários do Programa Bolsa Família e do Programa de Atenção aos Desnutridos e Gestantes em Risco Nutricional.

Context - Food and Nutrition Surveillance (VAN) is a form of continuous assessment related to the population's diet and nutrition and their risk factors. Consolidated VAN data can assist in the analysis and discussion of cases, in the development of vulnerability strategies and criteria, and in decision-making within the scope of Primary Health Care. Question - What are the challenges for the implementation of Food and Nutrition Surveillance of socially vulnerable populations in Primary Health Care? Methods - The searches for studies were carried out in March 2024, in the Medline databases (via PubMed), Latin American and Caribbean Literature - LILACS (via Virtual Health Library - BVS), and Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (BDTD). Using rapid review shortcuts, only the selection of studies was carried out in duplicate and independently. The methodological quality of the included studies was not assessed. Results - Of 325 records identified in the database searches, 3 studies were included. The studies analyzed the challenges related to beneficiaries of the Bolsa Família Program and the Care Program for Malnourished and Pregnant Women at Nutritional Risk.

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Contexto - O racismo sistêmico, também denominado racismo institucional ou racismo estrutural, propicia um olhar que vai além das manifestações conscientes de racismo e discriminação racial. O racismo institucional atua nas instituições sociais, contribuindo para a naturalização e reprodução da hierarquia racial. Esse conceito é de grande relevância para o avanço das políticas públicas, para a garantia de direitos e de equidade na atenção à saúde. Há décadas, estudiosos vêm chamando a atenção para as iniquidades em saúde como consequência de questões étnico-raciais. Pergunta - Quais são os efeitos do racismo sistêmico sobre as iniquidades ou disparidades em saúde? Métodos - As buscas foram realizadas em março de 2024 nas bases de dados Lilacs - Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde e Index Psicologia (via Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde - BVS), Pubmed, Epistemonikos, incluindo os termos DeCS, MeSH e seus sinônimos. Apenas o processo de seleção de estudos recuperados foi realizado em duplicidade e de modo independente. A avaliação da qualidade metodológica das RS foi realizada por meio da ferramenta AMSTAR 2. Resultados - De 261 registros recuperados nas buscas, 10 estudos foram incluídos, sendo a maioria relativa à população dos Estados Unidos e apenas um estudo brasileiro. Os resultados são apresentados de acordo com as seguintes condições de saúde: câncer (4 revisões); psicose (1 revisão); saúde materna (4 revisões); alimentação e nutrição (1 revisão); autoavaliação de saúde (1 estudo transversal). Os desfechos analisados nos estudos referem-se aos efeitos das questões étnico-raciais sobre carga da doença, implicações no diagnóstico e no acesso a tratamentos, sobrevida, entre outros.

Context - Systemic racism, also called institutional racism or structural racism, provides a perspective that goes beyond conscious manifestations of racism and racial discrimination. Institutional racism acts in social institutions, contributing to the naturalization and reproduction of racial hierarchy. This concept is of great relevance for the advancement of public policies, for guaranteeing rights and equity in health care. For decades, scholars have been drawing attention to health inequities as a consequence of ethnic-racial issues. Question - What are the effects of systemic racism on health inequities or disparities? Methods - The searches were conducted in March 2024 in the databases Lilacs - Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences and Index Psicologia (via Virtual Health Library - BVS), Pubmed, Epistemonikos, including the terms DeCS, MeSH and their synonyms. Only the process of selecting retrieved studies was carried out in duplicate and independently. The methodological quality of the SRs was assessed using the AMSTAR 2 tool. Results - Of the 261 records retrieved in the searches, 10 studies were included, the majority of which were related to the United States population and only one was a Brazilian study. The results are presented according to the following health conditions: cancer (4 reviews); psychosis (1 review); maternal health (4 reviews); diet and nutrition (1 review); self-rated health (1 cross-sectional study). The outcomes analyzed in the studies refer to the effects of ethnic-racial issues on the burden of disease, implications for diagnosis and access to treatments, survival, among others.

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BACKGROUND: Although the Coxiella burnetii infection has been investigated in dogs, its role in human transmission remains to be fully established, particularly in close and daily human-dog contact settings, such as in Police K-9 Units. METHODS: Accordingly, this study aimed to assess anti-C. burnetii antibodies in clinically healthy police officers by an in-house indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), and working dogs by a commercial IFA Kit, from the State Special Operations Battalion, Paraná, Southern Brazil. RESULTS: Overall, 1/18 (5.5%) police officers and 9/30 (30.0%; CI 95% 16.66-47.88) dogs tested seropositive to anti-C. burnetii IgG antibodies. CONCLUSIONS: To date, this is the highest prevalence of Q fever seropositivity among military dogs worldwide. Despite the low sampling rate, a statistically significant association was found between seropositivity and female dogs (p = 0.0492). Further studies with larger sample sizes should be conducted to establish the prevalence of Q Fever in other Brazilian K-9 Units. In summary, this study is the first to conduct a concomitant serosurvey of police officers and working dogs, and its findings should be considered a warning for cross-exposure and transmission of Coxiella burnetii among Police K-9 Units in Brazil and worldwide.

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Objective: Evaluate and correlate the sagittal balance parameters with the postural of the pelvis and lumbar spine. Methods: 80 individuals of both sexes, aged between 20 and 35 years, were evaluated. Biophotogrammetry was done with the SAPO software program. Measurements of the sagittal balance parameters were obtained by analyzing a lateral view panoramic radiography of the vertebral column, in which the anatomical points of reference were digitally marked. The calculation of the angles was done automatically by the Keops program. Results: In Keops assessment, 17.5% of the sample had high pelvic incidence angles (> 60°), 31.5% had low pelvic incidence angles (< 45°), and 51.2% had medium pelvic incidence angles (between 46° and 59°). SAPO showed 12,5% lordosis, 40% retroversion, and 47,5% normal curvature. In the right lateral view, pelvic incidence angle had a moderate and positive correlation with vertical alignment of the trunk and with vertical alignment of the body, and a negative and moderate correlation with horizontal alignment of the pelvis. Conclusion: Differences were found between vertical alignment measurements from the postural evaluation system (SAPO). A positive correlation was found between PI from Keops and pelvic anteversion from SAPO. Level of Evidence II; Prospective Study.

Objetivo: Avaliar e correlacionar o equilíbrio sagital com parâmetros posturais da pelve e coluna lombar. Métodos: Foram avaliados 80 indivíduos de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 20 e 35 anos. A biofotogrametria foi realizada com o software SAPO. As medidas dos parâmetros do equilíbrio sagital foram obtidas pela análise de uma radiografia panorâmica em perfil da coluna vertebral, na qual os pontos anatômicos de referência foram marcados digitalmente. O cálculo dos ângulos foi feito automaticamente pelo programa Keops. Resultados: Na avaliação Keops, 17,5% da amostra apresentavam ângulos de incidência pélvicos altos (> 60°), 31,5% tinham ângulos de incidência pélvicos baixos (< 45°) e 51,2% apresentavam ângulos de incidência pélvicos médios (entre 46° e 59°). O SAPO apresentou 12,5% de lordose, 40% de retroversão e 47,5% de curvatura normal. Na vista lateral direita, o ângulo de incidência da pelve apresentou correlação moderada e positiva com o alinhamento vertical do tronco e com o alinhamento vertical do corpo e negativa e moderada com o alinhamento horizontal da pelve. Conclusão: Foram encontradas diferenças entre as medidas de alinhamento vertical do sistema de avaliação postural (SAPO). Uma correlação positiva foi encontrada entre IP de Keops e anteversão pélvica de SAPO. Nível de Evidência II; Estudo Prospectivo.

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The spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) through multiple reservoirs is a global concern. Wastewater is a critical AMR dissemination source, so this study aimed to assess the persistence of resistance genetic markers in wastewater using a culture-independent approach. Raw and treated wastewater samples (n = 121) from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), a human hospital, a veterinary hospital, and a pig farm were monthly collected and concentrated by filtration. DNA was extracted directly from filter membranes, and PCR was used in the qualitative search of 32 antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs). Selected genes (blaCTX-M, blaKPC, qnrB, and mcr-1) were enumerated by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). Twenty-six ARGs were detected in the qualitative ARGs search, while quantitative data showed a low variation of the ARG's relative abundance (RA) throughout the months, especially at the human hospital and the WWTP. At the WWTP, despite significantly reducing the absolute number of gene copies/L after each treatment stage (p < 0.05), slight increases (p > 0.05) in the RAs of genes blaCTX-M, qnrB, and mcr-1 were observed in reused water (tertiary treatment) when compared with secondary effluent. Although the increase is not statistically significant, it is worth noting that there was some level of ARGs concentration after the disinfection process. No significant absolute or relative after-treatment quantification reductions were observed for any ARGs at the veterinary hospital or the pig farm. The spread of ARGs through sewage needs to be continuously addressed, because their release into natural environments may pose potential risks of exposure to resistant bacteria and impact local ecosystems.

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The intranasal administration of drugs using environmentally responsive formulations, employing a combination of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and poloxamer 407 (P407), can result in release systems that may assist in the treatment of neurological diseases. Meloxicam, considered a potential adjuvant in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, could be used in these platforms. The aim of this work was to develop a mucoadhesive, thermoresponsive, and nanostructured system containing HPMC for nose-to-brain administration of meloxicam. The initially selected systems were investigated for their rheological, mechanical, and micellar size characteristics. The systems were dilatant at 25 °C and pseudoplastic with a yield value at 37 °C, showing viscoelastic properties at both temperatures. The platform containing HPMC (0.1%, w/w) and P407 (17.5%, w/w) was selected and demonstrated good mucoadhesive properties, along with an appropriate in vitro release profile. HPMC could form a binary system with P407, displaying superior mucoadhesive and thermoresponsive properties for nose-to-brain meloxicam administration, indicating that the selected formulation is worthy of clinical studies.

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Contexto - As práticas corporais e atividade física (PCAF) contribuem para reduzir os riscos à saúde e melhorar a qualidade de vida das pessoas. Entre gestantes e puérperas a AF pode trazer benefícios para a saúde da mulher e do bebê, além de reduzir riscos e complicações relacionados à gravidez. Pergunta - Quais são os efeitos das práticas corporais e/ou atividade física para a promoção da saúde de gestantes e puérperas na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS)? Métodos - As buscas de revisões sistemáticas (RS) foram realizadas em dezembro de 2023 nas bases de dados da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Pubmed, Embase e Health Systems Evidence. Apenas os processos de seleção de estudos recuperados e de avaliação da qualidade metodológica das RS (AMSTAR 2) foram realizados em duplicidade e de modo independente. Resultados - De 193 registros recuperados nas buscas, 36 RS foram incluídas. Os resultados são apresentados de acordo com os períodos de realização da AF: gravidez, perinatal e pós-parto. De modo geral, observaram-se benefícios para os seguintes desfechos: ➔ Dor, dor pélvica e dor lombar (9 RS) ➔ Qualidade de vida (5 RS); ➔ Sintomas depressivos e de ansiedade (4 RS) ➔ Complicações na gravidez, parto e pós-parto (4 RS) ➔ Medidas antropométricas (3 RS) ➔ Capacidade funcional e fadiga (2 RS) Considerações finais - A maioria dos resultados indica efeitos positivos relacionados à prática de PCAF para a promoção da saúde de gestantes e puérperas no contexto da APS. No entanto, deve-se observar que as RS foram classificadas em qualidade criticamente baixa (13 RS), baixa (2 RS) e alta (1 RS). Além disso, há grande variedade quanto às modalidades, à frequência e à duração das intervenções.

Context - Body practices and physical activity (PCAF) contribute to reducing health risks and improving people's quality of life. Among pregnant and postpartum women, PA can bring benefits to the health of women and babies, in addition to reducing risks and complications related to pregnancy. Question - What are the effects of body practices and/or physical activity for promoting the health of pregnant and postpartum women in Primary Health Care (PHC)? Methods - Searches for systematic reviews (SRs) were carried out in December 2023 in the databases of the Virtual Health Library, Pubmed, Embase, and Health Systems Evidence. Only the processes of selection of retrieved studies and assessment of the methodological quality of the SRs (AMSTAR 2) were performed in duplicate and independently. Results - Of 193 records retrieved in the searches, 36 SRs were included. The results are presented according to the periods of PA performance: pregnancy, perinatal, and postpartum. In general, benefits were observed for the following outcomes: ➔ Pain, pelvic pain and low back pain (9 SR) ➔ Quality of life (5 SR); ➔ Depressive and anxiety symptoms (4 SR) ➔ Complications during pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum (4 SR) ➔ Anthropometric measurements (3 SR) ➔ Functional capacity and fatigue (2 SR) Final considerations - Most results indicate positive effects related to the practice of PCAF for promoting the health of pregnant and postpartum women in the context of PHC. However, it should be noted that the SR were classified as critically low (13 SR), low (2 SR) and high (1 SR) quality. In addition, there is great variety in terms of the modalities, frequency and duration of the interventions.

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Contexto - As práticas de AF contribuem para reduzir os riscos à saúde e melhora da qualidade de vida das pessoas. A Atividade Física é um comportamento que envolve os movimentos voluntários do corpo, com gasto energético acima do nível de repouso, promovendo interações sociais e com o ambiente. O exercício físico é uma atividade física, planejada, estruturada e repetitiva que tem o objetivo de melhorar ou manter as capacidades físicas e o peso adequado. Na infância proporciona benefícios importantes, como o crescimento e o desenvolvimento saudáveis. Crianças e adolescentes também se beneficiam através da melhora nas habilidades de socialização e motoras, saúde do coração e condição física, humor e sintomas de ansiedade e depressão, entre outros. Pergunta - Quais são os efeitos da prática de atividade física para a promoção da saúde de crianças e adolescentes na Atenção Primária à Saúde? Métodos - As buscas de revisões sistemáticas (RS) foram realizadas em novembro de 2023 nas bases de dados da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Pubmed, Embase e Health Systems Evidence. Apenas o processo de seleção de estudos recuperados foi realizado em duplicidade e de modo independente. A avaliação da qualidade metodológica das RS foi realizada por meio da ferramenta AMSTAR 2. Resultados - De 354 registros recuperados nas buscas, 32 RS foram incluídas. Os resultados são apresentados de acordo com os seguintes desfechos avaliados e, de modo geral, mostraram benefícios: fadiga, força muscular e flexibilidade (13 RS); postura corporal, equilíbrio e funções motora e locomotora (8 RS); aptidão cardiorrespiratória (6 RS); pressão arterial (5 RS); índices antropométricos (6 RS); função metabólica (4 RS); aspectos psicossociais e sintomas depressivos (6 RS); função cognitiva (4 RS); bem-estar e na qualidade de vida (12 RS). Quatro RS analisaram eventos adversos. Três relataram a ocorrência de eventos leves e uma referiu fratura em uma criança.

Context - Physical activity practices help reduce health risks and improve people's quality of life. Physical activity is a behavior that involves voluntary body movements, with energy expenditure above resting levels, promoting social interactions and interactions with the environment. Physical exercise is a planned, structured, and repetitive physical activity that aims to improve or maintain physical abilities and adequate weight. In childhood, it provides important benefits, such as healthy growth and development. Children and adolescents also benefit from improvements in socialization and motor skills, heart health and physical condition, mood, and symptoms of anxiety and depression, among others. Question - What are the effects of physical activity on promoting the health of children and adolescents in Primary Health Care? Methods - Searches for systematic reviews (SR) were conducted in November 2023 in the Virtual Health Library, Pubmed, Embase, and Health Systems Evidence databases. Only the selection process of retrieved studies was performed in duplicate and independently. The methodological quality of the SRs was assessed using the AMSTAR 2 tool. Results - Of the 354 records retrieved in the searches, 32 SRs were included. The results are presented according to the following outcomes evaluated and, in general, showed benefits: fatigue, muscle strength and flexibility (13 SRs); body posture, balance and motor and locomotor functions (8 SRs); cardiorespiratory fitness (6 SRs); blood pressure (5 SRs); anthropometric indices (6 SRs); metabolic function (4 SRs); psychosocial aspects and depressive symptoms (6 SRs); cognitive function (4 SRs); well-being and quality of life (12 SRs). Four SRs analyzed adverse events. Three reported the occurrence of mild events and one reported a fracture in a child.

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