RESUMO
This paper discusses aspects of economic development and the implications on work, the environment and health in the surrounding communities of the Industrial and Harbor Complex in Pecém in the State of Ceará. Qualitative research was adopted as the methodological strategy, by conducting participatory research with document analysis and a focus group. The reports of the subjects involved in the fieldwork were analyzed as being representative of their perceptions regarding the changes occurring in the territory and the impacts on health. Results observed in the use and appropriation of land by entrepreneurs are based on a belief in progress and development, contradicting the way of living, producing and interacting with nature submitted by the community that seeks to resist this intervention supported by social movements. These changes are out of step with the development of other public policies to mitigate the impacts with regard to environmental protection of the territory and the promotion of the health of this population.