RESUMO
In this study we assessed the basal transcription of genes associated with innate immunity (i.e. Nramp1, NOD1, NOD2, TLR1, TLR2, TLR3, TLR4, TLR5, TLR6, TLR7, and TLR9) in canine monocyte-derived macrophages from Leishmania-free dogs. Additionally, secretion of cytokines (IL-10, IL-12, TNF-α and IFN-γ) and nitric oxide in culture supernatants of macrophages with higher or lower resistance to intracellular survival of Leishmania infantum was also measured. Constitutive transcription of TLR9 and NOD2 were negligible; NOD1, TLR1, and TLR7 had low levels of transcription, whereas Nramp1 and TLR2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 had higher levels of constitutive transcription in canine monocyte-derived macrophages. There were no significant differences in transcription between macrophages with higher or lower resistance to intracellular survival of L. infantum. Secretion of TNF-α was higher in more resistant macrophages (designated as resistant) at 24h after infection when compared to less resistant macrophages (designated as susceptible), as well as the secretion of IFN-γ at 72 h post infection. Secretion of IL-10 was lower in resistant macrophages at 24h after infection. No detectable production of nitric oxide was observed. Interestingly, there was a negative correlation between NOD2 transcript levels and intracellular survival of L. infantum in resistant macrophages. This study demonstrated that decreased intracellular survival of L. infantum in canine macrophages was associated with increased production of TNF-α and IFN-γ and decreased production of IL-10; and that constitutive transcription of Nramp1, TLR and NLR does not interfere in intracellular survival of L. infantum.
Assuntos
Doenças do Cão/parasitologia , Leishmaniose Visceral/veterinária , Macrófagos/fisiologia , Animais , Citocinas/biossíntese , Citocinas/fisiologia , Resistência à Doença/genética , Resistência à Doença/imunologia , Resistência à Doença/fisiologia , Suscetibilidade a Doenças/imunologia , Suscetibilidade a Doenças/fisiopatologia , Suscetibilidade a Doenças/veterinária , Doenças do Cão/genética , Doenças do Cão/imunologia , Doenças do Cão/fisiopatologia , Cães , Feminino , Imunidade Inata/genética , Imunidade Inata/fisiologia , Leishmania infantum/imunologia , Leishmania infantum/fisiologia , Leishmaniose Visceral/imunologia , Leishmaniose Visceral/fisiopatologia , Macrófagos/imunologia , Macrófagos/parasitologia , Masculino , Óxido Nítrico/metabolismo , Transcrição Gênica/imunologia , Transcrição Gênica/fisiologiaRESUMO
Canine distemper virus (CDV) has been reported in several wild animal species, but there have been no reports of CDV in hoary fox (Lycalopex vetulus). This paper characterizes the first case of natural CDV infection in hoary fox, including the clinical and pathologic aspects of the disease as well as the viral strain phylogeny.