RESUMO
This review aimed to identify the effects of strength training programs on the physical fitness of Olympic combat sports (OCS) athletes. The systematic review included peer-reviewed articles that incorporated interventions that included pre- and post-intervention physical fitness assessment. The search was performed in the SCOPUS, PubMed, and Web of Science databases between April and September 2022. PRISMA and the TESTEX checklist were used to select and assess the methodological quality of the studies. Twenty studies with 504 participants (428 males and 76 females) were included. Significant improvements were found in athletes' maximal dynamic and isometric strength, muscle power, flexibility, and balance. In addition, improvements in favor of the training groups in specific actions of judo, karate, fencing, and boxing were observed. In conclusion, interventions aimed at the development of muscle strength in OCS, specifically in judo, boxing, karate, wrestling, and fencing, proved to be beneficial at a physical fitness level, resulting in significant increases in favor of the training groups with OCS, which could be used by trainers and coaches to improve the physical performance of athletes.
Assuntos
Artes Marciais , Treinamento Resistido , Luta Romana , Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Treinamento Resistido/métodos , Aptidão Física/fisiologia , Artes Marciais/fisiologia , Luta Romana/fisiologia , Atletas , Força Muscular/fisiologiaRESUMO
This study investigated the relationship between peak oxygen uptake and ventilatory threshold 1 (VT1) and 2 (VT2) with the Special Wrestling Fitness Test variables. Thirteen wrestlers (male: six; female: seven) of Olympic freestyle wrestling were assessed. The Pearson's correlation coefficient (p < 0.05) was used to establish the relationship between variables. A positive correlation was found between VT1 with throws in set B (r = 0.77; p = 0.002; 95%CI = 0.37-0.93), total throws (r = 0.73; p = 0.004; 95%CI = 0.30-0.91), heart rate recovery (r = 0.58; p = 0.036; 95%CI = 0.05-0.86), and test index (r = -0.60; p = 0.031; 95%CI = -0.86-0.07); between VT2 and throws in set B (r = 0.57; p = 0.043; 95%CI = 0.01-0.86); and between peak oxygen uptake with throws in set B (r = 0.77; p = 0.002; 95%CI = 0.39-0.93), throws in set C (r = 0.64; p = 0.02; 95%CI = 0.12-0.89), and total throws (r = 0.72; p = 0.006; 95%CI = 0.28-0.91). In conclusion, the peak oxygen uptake and ventilatory thresholds correlated with specific Special Wrestling Fitness Test variables.
Assuntos
Consumo de Oxigênio , Luta Romana , Masculino , Humanos , Adolescente , Feminino , Consumo de Oxigênio/fisiologia , Teste de Esforço , Exercício Físico/fisiologia , OxigênioRESUMO
En la actualidad, el fútbol es un deporte que demanda un alto desempeño físico, por lo que conocer las características de la condición física en las distintas categorías de desarrollo se hace fundamental para conducir un óptimo proceso de entrenamiento, de modo que, el objetivo de este estudio es evaluar la condición física de futbolistas de un club profesional de Nicaragua, según la categoría de edad en las cuales se desempeñaban. El presente es un estudio de tipo descriptivo, comparativo, de la condición física de 187 futbolistas, de edades entre 13 y 31 años, distribuidos por categoría según año de nacimiento y plantel profesional. El grupo PRO presenta mayor rendimiento en comparación a las categorías U13, U15, U17 y U21 (p < 0,001) en tiempo sprint lineal 10 metros (F = 71 y TE = 0,71), 30 metros (F = 85 y TE = 0,70), velocidad de tiro (F = 171 y TE = 0,81), Tiempo en test agilidad de Illinois (F = 77 y TE = 0,72) y metros recorridos en Yo-Yo de recuperación intermitente nivel 1 (F = 121 y TE = 0,73). Se puede concluir que existe un mayor rendimiento de los aspectos físicos por parte de las categorías de mayor edad. Estos resultados pueden servir de referencia o de parámetros de comparación de rendimiento físico de jugadores jóvenes y adultos a nivel nacional de Nicaragua.
Currently, soccer is a sport that demands high physical performance, so knowing the characteristics of the physical condition of players in the different categories of development is essential for conducting an optimal training process. Thus, the objective of this study is to evaluate the physical condition of soccer players from a professional club in Nicaragua, according to the age category in which they played. This is a descriptive and comparative study of the physical condition of 187 soccer players between the ages of 13 and 31, distributed by category, according to year of birth and the professional team they were on. The PRO group presented higher performance in comparison to the U13, U15, U17, and U21 categories (p<0.001) in the 10 meters linear sprint time (F=71 and TE=0.71), 30 meters linear sprint time (F=85 and TE=0.70), shooting speed (F=171 and TE=0.81), time in Illinois agility test (F=77 and TE=0.72), and in meters ran in the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery level 1 (F=121 and TE=0.73). The study shows that there is a higher performance of the older categories in the physical aspects. These results can serve as reference or comparison parameters of the physical performance of young and adult players at a national level in Nicaragua.
Atualmente, o futebol é um esporte que exige um alto desempenho físico, portanto, conhecer as características da condição física nas diferentes categorias de desenvolvimento é essencial para conduzir um processo de treinamento ideal, portanto, o objetivo deste estudo é avaliar a condição física dos jogadores de futebol de um clube profissional na Nicarágua, de acordo com a categoria etária em que jogaram. Este é um estudo descritivo e comparativo da condição física de 187 jogadores de futebol entre 13 e 31 anos, distribuídos por categoria de acordo com o ano de nascimento e equipe profissional. O grupo PRO apresentou melhor desempenho em comparação com as categorias U13, U15, U17 e U21 (p<0,001) em tempo de sprint linear 10 metros (F=71 e TE=0.71), 30 metros (F=85 e TE=0,70), velocidade de tiro (F=171 e TE=0.81), tempo em teste de agilidade illinois (F=77 e TE=0.72) e metros corridos em Yo-Yo de nível de recuperação intermitente 1 (F=121 e TE=0.73). Pode-se concluir que há um maior desempenho dos aspectos físicos por parte das categorias mais antigas. Estes resultados podem servir como parâmetros de referência ou comparação do desempenho físico de jogadores jovens e adultos a nível nacional na Nicarágua.