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Resumen La enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) es de alta prevalencia en América Latina y en todo el mundo. Se estima que entre 10 y 20% de la población adulta es portadora de ERC y su prevalencia va en aumento. La ERC progresa en forma silenciosa. Su diagnóstico temprano y oportuno permite iniciar un tratamiento efectivo, en la mayoría de los casos, para detener la enfermedad. Desde hace mucho tiempo, el análisis de la creatininemia es la principal prueba utilizada para valorar la función renal, pero su confiabilidad es limitada. De acuerdo con las recomendaciones de las GUIAS KDOQI del año 2002 la tasa de filtración glomerular estimada (TFGe) obtenida a través de fórmulas, se estableció como una de las herramientas principales para detectar la enfermedad renal de manera precoz, ya que alerta de forma precisa al médico y al equipo de salud sobre el nivel de función renal del paciente. La detección de una TFGe disminuida (menor de 60 mL/min/1,73 m2) es clínicamente relevante, ya que permite establecer el diagnóstico de enfermedad renal en adultos. En el año 2022, en una encuesta realizada por SLANH y COLABIOCLI dirigida a los laboratorios de análisis clínicos de América Latina (n: 237), el 49% de los mismos no informaban la TFGe rutinariamente. En base a esta realidad SLANH y COLABIOCLI elaboraron estas recomendaciones de consenso en referencia al uso de la TFGe.
Abstract Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a high prevalence worldwide and in Latin America (10 to 20% of the adult population) and is increasing. CKD progresses silently. Opportune diagnosis and treatment are effective in most cases to improve outcomes. Serum creatinine was the main test to assess kidney function, but its reliability is limited. Through the KDOQI Guidelines 2002, the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) obtained from equations was established as one of the main tools for the early detection of kidney disease in clinical practice. The detection of a decreased eGFR (less than 60 mL/min/1.73 m2) is clinically relevant. This cut-off level establishes the diagnosis of kidney disease in adults. In 2022 SLANH and COLABIOCLI conducted a survey among the clinical laboratories from Latin America. The survey included 237 laboratories, 49% of which did not routinely report the eGFR. Based on this situation, SLANH and COLABIOCLI have elaborated the following consensus recommendations regarding the use of eGFR.
Resumo A doença renal crônica (DRC) é altamente prevalente na América Latina e em todo o mundo. Estima-se que entre 10 e 20% da população adulta seja portadora de DRC e sua prevalência esteja aumentando. A DRC progride silenciosamente. Seu diagnóstico precoce e oportuno permite iniciar um tratamento eficaz, na maioria dos casos, para estancar a doença. Faz muito tempo, a análise da creatinina tem sido o principal teste usado para avaliar a função renal mas sua confiabilidade é limitada. De acordo com as recomendações dos GUIAS KDOQI do ano de 2002, a estimativa da taxa de filtração glomerular (eGFR), obtida por meio de fórmulas, consolidou-se como uma das principais ferramentas para a detecção precoce da doença renal, visto que alerta com precisão ao médico e ao equipe de saúde sobre o nível de função renal do paciente. A detecção de uma eGFR diminuída (inferior a 60 mL/min/1,73 m2) é clinicamente relevante, pois permite estabelecer o diagnóstico de doença renal em adultos. No ano de 2022, em pesquisa realizada pela SLANH e COLABIOCLI dirigida a laboratórios de análises clínicas da América Latina (n: 237), 49% deles não relataram rotineiramente eGFR. Com base nessa realidade, SLANH e COLABIOCLI prepararam essas recomendações de consenso sobre o uso de eGFR.
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Fractal and polarization analysis of diffusively scattered light is applied to determine the complex relationship between fractal dimension of structural morphology and concentration of chemically active ingredients in two pharmaceutical mixture systems including a series of binary mixtures of acetaminophen in lactose and three multicomponent blends with a proprietary active ingredient. A robust approach is proposed to identify and filter out multiple- and single-scattering components of scattering indicatrix. The fractal dimension extracted from scattering field reveals complex structural details of the sample, showing strong dependence on low-dose drug concentration in the blend. Low-angle diffraction shows optical "halo" patterns near the angle of specular reflection caused by light refraction in microcrystalline aggregates. Angular measurements of diffuse reflection demonstrate noticeable dependence of Brewster's angle on drug concentration. It is shown that the acetaminophen microcrystals produce scattered light depolarization due to their optical birefringence. The light scattering measurement protocol developed for diffusively scattered light by microcrystalline pharmaceutical compositions provides a novel approach for the pattern recognition, analysis and classification of materials with a low concentration of active chemical ingredients.
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COVID-19 , Hipertensão , Doença Crônica , Humanos , Hipertensão/tratamento farmacológico , Hipertensão/epidemiologia , Pandemias , SARS-CoV-2RESUMO
Human Transferrin (hTf) is a metal-binding protein found in blood plasma and is well known for its role in iron delivery. With only a 30% of its capacity for Fe+3 binding, this protein has the potential ability to transport other metal ions or organometallic compounds from the blood stream to all cell tissues. In this perspective, recent studies have described seven metallocene dichlorides (Cp2M(IV)Cl2, M(IV)=V, Mo, W, Nb, Ti, Zr, Hf) suitable as anticancer drugs and less secondary effects than cisplatin. However, these studies have not provided enough data to clearly explain how hTf binds and transports these organometallic compounds into the cells. Thus, a computational docking study with native apo-hTf using Sybyl-X 2.0 program was conducted to explore the binding modes of these seven Cp2M(IV)Cl2 after their optimization and minimization using Gaussian 09. Our model showed that the first three Cp2M(IV)Cl2 (M(IV)=V, Mo, W) can interact with apo-hTf on a common binding site with the amino acid residues Leu-46, Ile-49, Arg-50, Leu-66, Asp-69, Ala-70, Leu-72, Ala-73, Pro-74 and Asn-75, while the next four Cp2M(IV)Cl2 (M(IV)=Nb, Ti, Zr, Hf) showed different binding sites, unknown until now. A decreasing order in the total score (equal to -log Kd) was observed from these docking studies: W (5.4356), Mo (5.2692), Nb (5.1672), V (4.5973), Ti (3.6529), Zr (2.0054) and Hf (1.8811). High and significant correlation between the affinity of these seven ligands (metallocenes) for apo-hTf and their bond angles CpMCp (r=0.94, p<0.01) and Cl-M-Cl (r=0.95, p<0.01) were observed, thus indicating the important role that these bond angles can play in ligand-protein interactions. Fluorescence spectra of apo-hTf, measured at pH 7.4, had a decrease in the fluorescence emission spectrum with increasing concentration of Cp2M(IV)Cl2. Experimental data has a good correlation between KA (r=0.84, p=0.027) and Kd (r=0.94, p=0.0014) values and the calculated total scores obtained from our docking experiments. In conclusion, these results suggest that the seven Cp2M(IV)Cl2 used for this study can interact with apo-hTf, and their affinity was directly and inversely proportional to their bond angles CpMCp and ClMCl, respectively. Our docking studies also suggest that the binding of the first three Cp2M(IV)Cl2 (M(IV)=V, Mo, W) to hTf could abrogate the formation of the hTf-receptor complex, and as a consequence the metallocene-hTf complex might require another transport mechanism in order to get into the cell.
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Cloretos/química , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Compostos Organometálicos/química , Transferrina/química , Aminoácidos/química , Antineoplásicos/química , Apoproteínas/química , Sítios de Ligação , Fluorescência , Humanos , Interações Hidrofóbicas e Hidrofílicas , Conformação Molecular , Receptores da Transferrina/químicaRESUMO
UNLABELLED: The most common fractures in the spine take place in the thoracolumbar region. Currently there is no consensus regarding optimum treatment. OBJECTIVE: Analyze the current medical literature available regarding treatment of compression fractures of the thoracolumbar spine. METHODS: Research of current literature in medical databases. RESULTS: Regarding current available literature, we found no consensus in the treatment of compression fractures in the thoracolumbar spine. CONCLUSIONS: Burst fractures of the thoracolumbar junction is a very common condition, treatment of each patient must be individualized. Conservative treatment is recommended for stable fractures without neurological compromise and less than 35° of kyphosis.
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Four new molybdenocene complexes, Cp2Mo(l-ascorbato), Cp2Mo(6-O-palmitoyl-l-ascorbato), [Cp2Mo(ethyl maltolato)]Cl and Cp2Mo((2S)-2-amino-3-methyl-3-thiolato-butanoato), were synthesized and structurally characterized by standard analytical methods. The cytotoxicity of these complexes was assessed on colon HT-29 and breast MCF-7 cancer cell lines using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. A higher cytotoxic activity was shown by all the new complexes on the MCF-7 cells over the Cp2MoCl2 complex. The complexes Cp2Mo(l-ascorbato), Cp2Mo(6-O-palmitoyl-l-ascorbato) and [Cp2Mo(ethyl maltolato)]Cl displayed a stronger cytotoxic activity on colon cancer HT-29 cell line, over the molybdenocene dichloride (Cp2MoCl2). In contrast, Cp2Mo((2S)-2-amino-3-methyl-3-thiolato-butanoato) exhibited proliferative properties on this cell line. Ubiquitin (Ub)-molybdenocene interactions were investigated using cyclic voltammetry, fluorescence quenching spectroscopy, circular dichroism (CD) and molecular modeling. The thermodynamic parameters (ΔH and ΔS) obtained using fluorescence quenching spectra and van't Hoff plot indicate the Ub-molybdenocene interactions are mainly hydrophobic. The CD data also support hydrophobic interactions with conformational changes in the Ub protein. Docking studies using molecular modeling revealed the amino acids involved in the Ub-molybdenocene interactions and corroborated the hydrophobic nature of the binding combined with hydrogen bonding.
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Complexos de Coordenação , Modelos Moleculares , Compostos Organometálicos , Ubiquitina/química , Água/química , Antineoplásicos/síntese química , Antineoplásicos/química , Antineoplásicos/toxicidade , Neoplasias da Mama/tratamento farmacológico , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Dicroísmo Circular , Neoplasias do Colo/tratamento farmacológico , Complexos de Coordenação/síntese química , Complexos de Coordenação/química , Complexos de Coordenação/toxicidade , Feminino , Humanos , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Compostos Organometálicos/química , Compostos Organometálicos/metabolismo , Compostos Organometálicos/toxicidade , Solubilidade , Espectrometria de Fluorescência , Ubiquitina/metabolismo , Ubiquitina/farmacologia , Ubiquitina/toxicidadeRESUMO
Describir los hábitos higiénicos íntimos femeninos de algunas mujeres de Latinoamérica durante 2008. Se aplicó una encuesta piloto, previamente diseñada, a un total de mil mujeres que acudieron a la consulta de un grupo de ginecólogos de Latinoamérica durante 2008 y aceptaron contestar voluntariamente la encuesta. Los países participantes fueron: Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, México, Panamá, Perú, República Dominicana y Venezuela. El 95,4 por ciento de las mujeres refirió realizar aseo corporal una o más veces al día y 2,8 por ciento, una o dos veces por semana. El 71 por ciento realiza aseo del área genital de adelante hacia atrás (de vulva a ano). El tipo de jabón más comúnmente usado es el jabón en barra, seguido de la presentación líquida. Se evidenció un porcentaje de 66,9 por ciento de mujeres que depilan su área genital. El área circunscrita al bikini es la más depilada con 32,8 por ciento y la depilación del área genital en su totalidad es de 28,8 por ciento. El material de la ropa interior en la región vulvar más utilizado por las mujeres latinoamericanas encuestadas es el algodón (65,5 por ciento), que sumado a 20,2 por ciento de las mujeres que utilizan ropa interior de cualquier material con algodón fue cercano al 86 por ciento. En relación con el uso de elementos de aseo genital durante las relaciones sexuales, 29,7 por ciento de las mujeres encuestadas refiere utilizar duchas vaginales; de las cuales 42 por ciento refirió su uso siempre que tiene relaciones sexuales y 43 por ciento, ocasionalmente. A la costumbre de orinar antes y después de tener relaciones sexuales se encontró que 37,9 por ciento de las mujeres orina después del coito; 17 por ciento, antes y 11,8 por ciento orina antes y después. Las mujeres realizan en un gran porcentaje lavado de manos después de orinar o defecar, pero el hábito de lavarse las manos antes, sigue siendo bajo. En cuanto a la técnica de aseo genital, el porcentaje de técnica inadecuada...
To describe the intimate hygienic feminine habits of some women of Latin-America during 2008. A previously designed pilot survey was applied to a total of one thousand women who assisted to the office of a group of gynecologists of Latin America during 2008 and agreed to voluntarily answer the survey. The participant countries were: Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Panama, Peru, Dominican Republic and Venezuela.95.4 percent of these women practiced corporal hygiene at least once daily and 2.8 percent, once or twice a week. 71 percent cleaned their genital area backwards (from vulva to anus). The type of soap most commonly used is the bar soap followed by liquid body wash. Evidence showed that 66.9 percent of women depilate their genital area. The bikini surrounding area is the most depilated one, with a 32.8 percent and the total depilation of the genital area is 28.8 percent. Cotton is the most commonly used material for underwear on the vulvar area by surveyed Latin American women (65.5 percent), which added to a 20.2 percent of women who use underwear of any material with cotton was nearly 86 percent. When the use of genital hygiene devices during sexual intercourse is questioned, 29.7 percent of the surveyed women opted to use vaginal showers; of which 42 percent used it every time they had sexual intercourse and 43 percent just occasionally. In relation to the habit of urinating before and after having sexual intercourse it was established that 37.9 percent of women urinate after the coitus; 17 percent before it, and 11.8 percent urinates before and after. Women, in a great percentage, wash their hands after urinating or defecating, but the habit of washing their hands before is still not as frequent. Regarding the genital (feminine) hygiene technique, the percentage of "inadequate" hygiene technique is surprisingly as low as about 28 percent. With this in mind, it is fundamental to reinforce training, improve information...
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Feminino , Autocuidado/estatística & dados numéricos , Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis/prevenção & controle , Doenças dos Genitais Femininos/prevenção & controle , Higiene/métodosRESUMO
Dioxins are a group of highly toxic molecules that exert their toxicity through the activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). The most important agonist of the AhR, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a highly toxic compound. Although most of the effects related to TCDD exposure have been linked to the activation of AhR, the objective of this work was to use a bioinformatics approach to identify possible new targets for TCDD. The Target Fishing Docking (TarFisDock) Server was used to find target proteins for TCDD. This virtual screening allowed the identification of binding sites with high affinity for TCDD in diverse proteins, such as metallopeptidases 8 and 3, oxidosqualene cyclase, and myeloperoxidase. Some of these proteins are well known for their biochemical role in some pathological effects of dioxin exposure, including endometriosis, diabetes, inflammation and liver damage. These results suggest that TCDD could also be interacting with cellular targets though AhR-independent pathways.
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Biologia Computacional/métodos , Poluentes Ambientais/metabolismo , Dibenzodioxinas Policloradas/metabolismo , Proteínas/metabolismo , Animais , Poluentes Ambientais/química , Humanos , Modelos Moleculares , Dibenzodioxinas Policloradas/química , Ligação Proteica , Proteínas/química , Receptores de Hidrocarboneto Arílico/metabolismoRESUMO
The key messages of these guidelines on chronic kidney disease are: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a public health problem due to its wide distribution, high rate of complications and cost. CKD is a common condition, its prevalence being about 10%, and is treatable if it is detected on time. A patient with CKD has a higher risk of cardiovascular mortality than of progression of its underlying renal disease. A new definition of CKD, based on estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) and kidney damage, facilitates its detection and management. CKD is detected with three simple tests: 1) Blood pressure measurement, 2) Detection of proteinuria or albuminuria in an isolated urine sample, and 3) Estimation of renal function (eGFR), based on serum creatinine, age, gender and race. The CKD risk groups are individuals with diabetes, hypertension and a family history of renal disease. The most cost-effective measures are to detect and treat diabetic and hypertensive patients in the community. Therapy must emphasize the maximal reduction of cardiovascular risk. The complications of CKD such as anemia and renal osteodystrophy can be identified and treated on time. Most patients with chronic kidney disease are detected in the community, therefore their initial care must be organized at the level of primary care, along with programs for hypertension and diabetes.
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Falência Renal Crônica/diagnóstico , Falência Renal Crônica/terapia , Albuminúria/diagnóstico , Albuminúria/terapia , Chile , Complicações do Diabetes/diagnóstico , Complicações do Diabetes/terapia , Hematúria/diagnóstico , Hematúria/terapia , Humanos , Hipertensão/complicações , Falência Renal Crônica/complicações , Testes de Função Renal , Proteinúria/diagnóstico , Proteinúria/terapiaRESUMO
The key messages of these guidel ines on chronic kidney disease are: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a public health problem due to its wide distribution, high rate of complications and cost. CKD is a common condition, its prevalence being about 10 percent, and is treatable if it is detected on time. A patient with CKD has a higher risk of cardiovascular mortality than of progression of its underlying renal disease. A new definition of CKD, based on estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) and kidney damage, facilitates its detection and management. CKD is detected with three simple tests: 1) Blood pressure measurement, 2) Detection of proteinuria or albuminuria in an isolated urine sample, and 3) Estimation of renal function (eGFR), based on serum creatinine, age, gender and race. The CKD risk groups are individuáis with diabetes, hypertension and a family history of renal disease. The most cost-effective measures are to detect and treat diabetic and hypertensive patients in the community. Therapy must emphasize the maximal reduction of cardiovascular risk. The complications of CKD such as anemia and renal osteodystrophy can be identified and treated on time. Most patients with chronic kidney disease are detected in the community, therefore their initial care must be organized at the level of primary care, along with programs for hypertension and diabetes.
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Humanos , Falência Renal Crônica/diagnóstico , Falência Renal Crônica/terapia , Albuminúria/diagnóstico , Albuminúria/terapia , Chile , Complicações do Diabetes/diagnóstico , Complicações do Diabetes/terapia , Hematúria/diagnóstico , Hematúria/terapia , Hipertensão/complicações , Falência Renal Crônica/complicações , Testes de Função Renal , Proteinúria/diagnóstico , Proteinúria/terapiaRESUMO
Botulinum toxin has been thoroughly studied as a potential tool in the treatment of several pain syndromes. Therefore, we assessed the clinical effects of botulinum toxin type A injections in 12 patients with otherwise unresponsive idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia. Patients were infiltrated with 20-50 units of botulinum toxin in trigger zones. Those who presented with mandibular involvement were also infiltrated in the masseter muscle. The patients were assessed on a weekly basis using the Visual Analogic Scale for pain. Ten of our patients reported a significant benefit from botulinum toxin injections, with reduction or even disappearance of pain, and remained pain free for as long as 60 days. Our findings suggest that botulinum toxin may represent a useful therapeutic tool in the management of patients with this entity.
Assuntos
Analgésicos/uso terapêutico , Toxinas Botulínicas Tipo A/uso terapêutico , Dor Facial/tratamento farmacológico , Fármacos Neuromusculares/uso terapêutico , Neuralgia do Trigêmeo/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Analgésicos/administração & dosagem , Toxinas Botulínicas Tipo A/administração & dosagem , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Injeções Intramusculares , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fármacos Neuromusculares/administração & dosagem , Medição da Dor , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Botulinum toxin has been thoroughly studied as a potential tool in the treatment of several pain syndromes. Therefore, we assessed the clinical effects of botulinum toxin type A injections in 12 patients with otherwise unresponsive idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia. Patients were infiltrated with 20-50 units of botulinum toxin in trigger zones. Those who presented with mandibular involvement were also infiltrated in the masseter muscle. The patients were assessed on a weekly basis using the Visual Analogic Scale for pain. Ten of our patients reported a significant benefit from botulinum toxin injections, with reduction or even disappearance of pain, and remained pain free for as long as 60 days. Our findings suggest that botulinum toxin may represent a useful therapeutic tool in the management of patients with this entity.
La toxina botulínica ha sido estudiada en forma exhaustiva como una potencial herramienta en el tratamiento de múltiples síndromes dolorosos. Por lo tanto, evaluamos los efectos clínicos de la aplicación de toxina botulínica tipo A en 12 sujetos con neuralgia trigeminal idiopática resistente a manejo farmacológico. Se aplicaron en dichos sujetos entre 20 y 50 unidades de toxina botulínica tipo A en las zonas gatillo. Además se infiltró el músculo masetero en aquellos que presentaban involucro mandibular. Los sujetos fueron evaluados semanalmente con una escala visual análoga para dolor. Diez de los sujetos reportaron un beneficio significativo con el uso de toxina botulínica, con reducción e incluso desaparición del dolor, permaneciendo libres de dolor por un periodo de hasta 60 días. Nuestros hallazgos sugieren que la toxina botulínica puede representar una herramienta terapéutica útil en el manejo de pacientes con esta entidad.
Assuntos
Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Analgésicos/uso terapêutico , Toxinas Botulínicas Tipo A/uso terapêutico , Dor Facial/tratamento farmacológico , Fármacos Neuromusculares/uso terapêutico , Neuralgia do Trigêmeo/tratamento farmacológico , Analgésicos/administração & dosagem , Toxinas Botulínicas Tipo A/administração & dosagem , Seguimentos , Injeções Intramusculares , Fármacos Neuromusculares/administração & dosagem , Medição da Dor , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
We report the case of a 76-year-old, right-handed woman with progressive primary freezing of gait. Despite several therapeutic strategies, she continued to worsen to the point that she became confined to a wheelchair. Treatment with selegiline in doses up to 20 mg/d led to marked improvement of the gait disorder. This case illustrates that selegiline can be an option for patients with freezing of gait other than those with Parkinson's disease.
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Reação de Congelamento Cataléptica/efeitos dos fármacos , Transtornos Neurológicos da Marcha/tratamento farmacológico , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/uso terapêutico , Selegilina/uso terapêutico , Idoso , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Feminino , HumanosRESUMO
Optical, structural and electric properties of (a-(Si(90)Ge(10))(1-y)B(y):H) thin film alloys, deposited by low frequency plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition, are presented. The chemical bonding structure has been studied by IR spectroscopy, while the composition was investigated by Raman spectroscopy. A discussion about boron doping effects, in the composition and bonding of samples, is presented. Transport of carriers has been studied by measurement of the conductivity dependence on temperature, which increases from 10(-3) to 10(1) Ω(-1) cm(-1) when the boron content varies from 0 to 50%. Similarly, the activation energy is between 0.62 and 0.19 eV when the doping increases from 0 to 83%. The optical properties have been determined from the film's optical transmission, using Swanepoel's method. It is shown that the optical gap varies from 1.3 to 0.99 eV.
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Antecedentes: el índice de extensión y severidad (ESI) fue creado en 1982 por James Carlos y colaboradores. Este índice informa y describe el estado periodontal en que se encuentra cierta población, además permite comparar resultados, reducir datos y lograr un entendimiento más sencillo del estado periodontal de una población. De los estudios nacionales de morbilidad bucal, el ENSAB III (1997) utilizó este índice para conocer el estado en que se encuentra la población colombiana. Se consideró necesario, entonces, saber el estado periodontal de entrada de los pacientes a las clínicas de la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana. Este constituye el primer estudio epidemiológico de enfermedad periodontal de la PUJ, en el cual se utilizó el índice periodontal de extensión y severidad. Objetivo: determinar este índice en los pacientes nuevos de las clínicas del Posgrado de Periodoncia de la Facultad de Odontología de la PUJ durante los años 1999, 2000 y 2001. Método: este estudio fue observacional descriptivo, en el cual se tomaron 616 historias clínicas de los pacientes nuevos que ingresaron a las citadas clínicas durante los años 1999, 2000 y 2001, ya que cumplieron completamente con los requisitos de inclusión: estar diligenciadas por los estudiantes de posgrado de periodoncia de la Facultad de Odontología de la PUJ, estar firmadas y aprobadas por los docentes de posgrado. Fueron excluidas las que no se encontraron en la oficia de estadística de la Facultad de Odontología de la PUJ, 448 (72.7 por ciento), las de pacientes sin pérdida de inserción, 5 (0.5 por ciento), no diligenciadas completamente, 6 (0.9 por ciento), sin periodontograma, 4 (0.4 por ciento), y las que no estaban firmadas, 35 (5.9 por ciento). Para el análisis de los resultados se utilizó la media aritmética, la desviación estándar y la varianza muestral. Resultados: los resultados encontrados fueron los siguientes: el ESI para 1999 fue de (54, 3.54), para el año 2000 fue de (64, 3.7) y para el año 2001 fue de (58, 4.1). En promedio, la extensión E fue de 58 por ciento, la severidad S 3,08 mm. El ESI es de (58, 3.08) para los 3 años. Conclusión: este estudio mostró que la mayoría de pacientes tenían un ESI de extensión generalizada y de severidad moderada
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Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Feminino , Doenças Periodontais , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Índice Periodontal , Morbidade , Colômbia , Análise de Variância , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , Distribuição por Sexo , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Faculdades de Odontologia/estatística & dados numéricos , Prontuários Médicos , Registros OdontológicosAssuntos
Humanos , Injúria Renal Aguda/etiologia , Doença Iatrogênica , Injúria Renal Aguda/mortalidade , Injúria Renal Aguda/prevenção & controle , Injúria Renal Aguda/terapia , Mortalidade Hospitalar , Hospitais Estaduais/estatística & dados numéricos , Diálise Renal , Fatores de Risco , Tempo de Internação/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
El objetivo de este estudio es presentar los resultados de la casuística de nuestra institución referente a las lesiones mamarias no palpables en el período 1980-1989; se evaluaron 95 casos, distribuidos así: 68 de ellos con nódulos mamográficos (71,58 por ciento) y 27 (28,42 por ciento) contenían microcalcificaciones. En todos los casos realizamos localización de las lesiones con agujas y señalización con azul de metileno, realizando Mastectomía parcial dirigida, efectuando corte congelado en los pacientes con nódulos y esperando el informe histológico definitivo para las microcalsificaciones. Encontramos 10 carcinomas ductales (10.52 por ciento), 5 (5.26 por ciento) en microcalcificaciones, uno de ellos (1.05 por ciento) intraductal y 5 (5.26 por ciento) en nódulos, todos infiltrantes. El tratamiento efectuado consistió en cirugía preservadora en 9 casos (9.47 por ciento) y mastectomía radical modificada en un caso (1.05 por ciento) La axila no evidencia enfermedad ganglionar en 9 casos, resultando estadios tempranos de la enfermedad (9.47 por ciento). Proponemos el estudio mamográfico de pesquisa en pacientes asintomáticos por encima de 35 años de edad, y el adecuado estudio y manejo de las lesiones no palpables de la mama
Assuntos
Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Feminino , Neoplasias da Mama , Mamografia , MastectomiaRESUMO
La enfermedad de Paget de la mama es una entidad infrecuente, de allí lo escaso de la literatura nacional e internacional. Revisamos las historias clínicas de nuestro Hospital en el lapso comprendido entre 1961 y 1990, ambos inclusive, encontrando 20 pacientes con esta patología; un caso no se incluye en el estudio ya que ingresó con enfermedad localmente avanzada y falleció sin recibir tratamiento, por lo que evaluamos 19 casos, lo que representa una incidencia de 0,88 por ciento. La edad promedio fue de 57,10 años.El tiempo de evolución de las lesiones osciló entre 1 y 72 meses, correspondiendo 8 pacientes (42,10 por ciento) al rango comprendido entre 7 y 12 meses. La localización más frecuente correspondió a la mama derecha, 13 casos, 68,42 por ciento; se presento como lesión clínicamente limitada el pezón en 10 casos (52,63 por ciento) y en nueve casos se acompañaba de tumor palpable (47,37 por ciento). El tratamiento efectuado consistió en mastectotomía radical modificada en 16 casos (84,21 por ciento), y en una paciente realizamos cirugía preservadora. El número de ganglios linfáticos reportado en el especímen quirúrgico promedio 16,28; cinco pacientes presentaron metástasis axilares (26,31 por ciento). El seguimiento denuestras pacientes osciló entre 2 y 192 meses. Actualmente tenemos 7 casos en control y sin evidencia de enfermedad; cuatro casos desaparecidos de control y ocho fallecidos, de los cuales, cinco a consecuencia de su enfermedad y tres por otras causas