RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To investigate serum and urine levels of Alpha-methylacyl-CoA-racemase (AMACR) and Netrin 1 in patients with and without prostate cancer and to determine whether these markers could be used as alternatives in diagnosis of prostate cancer instead of serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels. METHODS: One hundred and seventy five patients between 45-75 years to whom transrectal ultrasound guided biopsies were performed for abnormal serum PSA levels or digital rectal examinations were included. The levels of AMACR and Netrin 1 levels of blood and urine samples of 5 mL those were taken prior to biopsies were measured. . RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 62.7 ±6.4 years. Prostate cancer was detected in 40 patients (22.8%) while 135 of them (77.2%) were diagnosed as benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). In BPH group, serum and urine levels of AMACR and Netrin 1 were 13.4 ±16.9 ng/mL; 7.1 ±3.4 ng/mL; 164.1±46 pg/mL and 19.5 ±5.0 pg/mL respectively. The levels of serum and urine levels of AMACR and Netrin 1 were 10.2 ±9.8 ng/mL; 6.8 ±2.5 ng/mL; 159.1 ±44.1 pg/mL and 20.1 ±5.3 pg/mL respectively in prostate cancer group. There was no statistically significant difference or correlation between these two groups serum and urine AMACR and Netrin 1 results. CONCLUSIONS: Serum and urine levels of AMACR and Netrin 1 were not found to be alternatives for serum PSA levels in the diagnosis of prostate cancer in this study.
OBJETIVOS: Investigar los niveles de alfa-metil acilcoenzima-A y Netrina 1 en pacientes con y sin cáncer de próstata y determinar si estos marcadores pueden ser usados como una alternativa en el diagnóstico de cáncer de próstata en lugar del antígeno prostático específico en suero (PSA). MÉTODOS: Fueron incluidos 175 pacientes entre 45-75 años, a quienes se les realizó una biopsia de próstata guiada por ultrasonido por presentar un nivel anormal de PSA en el suero o un tacto rectal. Se tomó una muestra de 5 mL de sangre y orina para medir los niveles de alfa-metil acilcoenzima-A y Netrina 1. Estos niveles se midieron antes del análisis de la biopsia. RESULTADOS: La edad media de los pacientes fue de 62.7±6.4 años. Se detectó cander en 40 pacientes (22.8%), mientras que a 135 de ellos (77.2%) se les diagnóstico una hiperplasia benigna de próstata (HBP). En el grupo HBP los niveles en suero y orina de alfa-metil acilcoenzima-A y Netrina 1 fueron 13.4 ±16.9 ng/mL; 7.1 ±3.4 ng/mL; 164.1 ±46 pg/mL y 19.5 ±5.0 pg/mL respectivamente. En el grupo con cáncer de próstata los niveles en suero y orina de alfa-metil acilcoenzima-A y Netrina 1 fueron 10.2 ±9.8 ng/mL; 6.8 ±2.5 ng/mL; 159.1 ±44.1 pg/mL y 20.1 ±5.3 pg/mL respectivamente. No hubo una diferencia significativa o una correlación entre los niveles de alfa-metil acilcoenzima-A y Netrina 1 en suero y orina al comparar estos dos grupos de pacientes. CONCLUSIONES: Los niveles de alfa-metil acilcoenzima-A y Netrina 1 en suero y orina no son una alternativa para reemplazar el PSA en suero para el diagnóstico de cáncer de próstata.
Assuntos
Netrina-1/análise , Antígeno Prostático Específico/sangue , Neoplasias da Próstata/diagnóstico , Racemases e Epimerases/análise , Idoso , Biomarcadores Tumorais/sangue , Biomarcadores Tumorais/urina , Humanos , Biópsia Guiada por Imagem/métodos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Netrina-1/sangue , Netrina-1/urina , Neoplasias da Próstata/sangue , Neoplasias da Próstata/urina , Racemases e Epimerases/sangue , Racemases e Epimerases/urina , Ultrassonografia de Intervenção/métodosRESUMO
Abstract Objectives: To investigate serum and urine levels of Alpha-methylacyl-CoA-racemase (AMACR) and Netrin 1 in patients with and without prostate cancer and to determine whether these markers could be used as alternatives in diagnosis of prostate cancer instead of serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels. Methods: One hundred and seventy five patients between 45-75 years to whom transrectal ultrasound guided biopsies were performed for abnormal serum PSA levels or digital rectal examinations were included. The levels of AMACR and Netrin 1 levels of blood and urine samples of 5 mL those were taken prior to biopsies were measured. . Results: The mean age of the patients was 62.7 ±6.4 years. Prostate cancer was detected in 40 patients (22.8%) while 135 of them (77.2%) were diagnosed as benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). In BPH group, serum and urine levels of AMACR and Netrin 1 were 13.4 ±16.9 ng/mL; 7.1 ±3.4 ng/mL; 164.1±46 pg/mL and 19.5 ±5.0 pg/mL respectively. The levels of serum and urine levels of AMACR and Netrin 1 were 10.2 ±9.8 ng/mL; 6.8 ±2.5 ng/mL; 159.1 ±44.1 pg/mL and 20.1 ±5.3 pg/mL respectively in prostate cancer group. There was no statistically significant difference or correlation between these two groups serum and urine AMACR and Netrin 1 results Conclusions: Serum and urine levels of AMACR and Netrin 1 were not found to be alternatives for serum PSA levels in the diagnosis of prostate cancer in this study.
Resumen Objetivos: Investigar los niveles de alfa-metil acilcoenzima-A y Netrina 1 en pacientes con y sin cáncer de próstata y determinar si estos marcadores pueden ser usados como una alternativa en el diagnóstico de cáncer de próstata en lugar del antígeno prostático específico en suero (PSA). Métodos: Fueron incluidos 175 pacientes entre 45-75 años, a quienes se les realizó una biopsia de próstata guiada por ultrasonido por presentar un nivel anormal de PSA en el suero o un tacto rectal. Se tomó una muestra de 5 mL de sangre y orina para medir los niveles de alfa-metil acilcoenzima-A y Netrina 1. Estos niveles se midieron antes del análisis de la biopsia. Resultados: La edad media de los pacientes fue de 62.7±6.4 años. Se detectó cander en 40 pacientes (22.8%), mientras que a 135 de ellos (77.2%) se les diagnóstico una hiperplasia benigna de próstata (HBP). En el grupo HBP los niveles en suero y orina de alfa-metil acilcoenzima-A y Netrina 1 fueron 13.4 ±16.9 ng/mL; 7.1 ±3.4 ng/mL; 164.1 ±46 pg/mL y 19.5 ±5.0 pg/mL respectivamente. En el grupo con cáncer de próstata los niveles en suero y orina de alfa-metil acilcoenzima-A y Netrina 1 fueron 10.2 ±9.8 ng/mL; 6.8 ±2.5 ng/mL; 159.1 ±44.1 pg/mL y 20.1 ±5.3 pg/mL respectivamente. No hubo una diferencia significativa o una correlación entre los niveles de alfa-metil acilcoenzima-A y Netrina 1 en suero y orina al comparar estos dos grupos de pacientes. Conclusiones: Los niveles de alfa-metil acilcoenzima-A y Netrina 1 en suero y orina no son una alternativa para reemplazar el PSA en suero para el diagnóstico de cáncer de próstata.
Assuntos
Idoso , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias da Próstata/diagnóstico , Antígeno Prostático Específico/sangue , Racemases e Epimerases/análise , Netrina-1/análise , Neoplasias da Próstata/urina , Neoplasias da Próstata/sangue , Biomarcadores Tumorais/urina , Biomarcadores Tumorais/sangue , Ultrassonografia de Intervenção/métodos , Racemases e Epimerases/urina , Racemases e Epimerases/sangue , Biópsia Guiada por Imagem/métodos , Netrina-1/urina , Netrina-1/sangueRESUMO
Objective Our objective in this study was to determine the relationship between irisin hormone, which has a similar effect with thyroid hormones on adipose tissue and the metabolism, and the thyroid functions and the obesity secondary to thyroid disease. Subjects and methods Seventy-four patients were included in the study, of the patients, 37 were newly diagnosed with Hashimoto's thyroiditis related hypothyroidism but not started on a treatment yet, and the remaining 37 were healthy volunteers without a known disease. Serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxin (fT4), anti-thyroglobulin and anti-thyroid peroxidase were measured and thyroid ultrasonography was performed in both groups. Serum irisin levels were measured using the commercially available ELISA kit. The hypothyroidism group had higher levels of irisin compared to the control group (2.77 ng/mL vs. 2.15 ng/mL respectively; p = 0.017). Results The hypothyroidism group had higher median levels of irisin in the obese patients than those in the control group (3.10 ng/mL vs. 2.10 ng/mL respectively; p = 0.013). Irisin level was negatively correlated with age in the whole population and patients with hypothyroidism (r = -0.255, p = 0.028; r = -0.346, p = 0.036 respectively). Irisin level was positively correlated with TSH (r = 0.247, p = 0.034) but negatively correlated with the fT4 (r = -0.316, p = 0.006) in the whole population. Obesity, fT4 and irisin levels were identified to be independent predictors in the diagnosis of hypothyroidism in the multivariable logistic regression analysis. Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first in literature to identify that obesity, irisin level and fT4 level are independent risk factors for hypothyroidism.
Assuntos
Fibronectinas/sangue , Doença de Hashimoto/sangue , Doença de Hashimoto/fisiopatologia , Hipotireoidismo/sangue , Hipotireoidismo/fisiopatologia , Obesidade/sangue , Obesidade/fisiopatologia , Tecido Adiposo/metabolismo , Adulto , Autoanticorpos/sangue , Pressão Sanguínea/fisiologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Doença de Hashimoto/complicações , Humanos , Hipotireoidismo/complicações , Iodeto Peroxidase/sangue , Modelos Logísticos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Obesidade/etiologia , Valores de Referência , Fatores de Risco , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Glândula Tireoide/metabolismo , Glândula Tireoide/fisiopatologia , Tireotropina/sangue , Tiroxina/sangueRESUMO
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate serum levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (INOS), myeloperoxidase (MPO), total antioxidant status (TAS), and total oxidative status (TOS) in women with primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) and to compare them with healthy fertile women. We also examined the possible risk factors associated with POI. METHODS: This cross-sectional case control study was conducted in Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Education and Research Hospital. The study population consisted of 44 women with POI (study group) and 36 healthy fertile women (control group). In all patients, serum levels of INOS, MPO, TAS, and TOS were determined. INOS and MPO levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay whereas colorimetric method was used for evaluating TAS and TOS levels. Age, body mass index (BMI), obstetric history, smoking status, family history, comorbidities, sonographic findings, complete blood count values, C-reactive protein and baseline hormone levels were also analyzed. Student's t-test or Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare continuous variables between the groups; categorical data were evaluated by using Pearson χ2 or Fisher exact test, when appropriate. Binary logistic regression method was used to identify risk factors for POI. RESULTS: We found significantly elevated levels of INOS (234.1±749.5 versus133.8±143.0; p=0.005), MPO (3,438.7±1,228.6 versus 2,481.9±1,230.1; p=0.001), and TOS (4.3±1.4 versus 3.6±1.4; p=0.02) in the sera of the study group when compared to the BMI-age matched control group. However, difference in serum levels of TAS were not significant between the 2 groups (1.7±0.2 versus 1.6±0.2; p=0.15). Logistic regression method demonstrated that BMI <25 kg/m2, nulliparity, family history of POI, smoking, and elevated serum levels of INOS, MPO, and TOS were independent risk factors for POI. CONCLUSION: We found an increase in INOS, MPO, and TOS in women with POI. These serum markers may be promising in early diagnosis of POI. Further large-scale studies are required to determine whether oxidative stress markers have a role in diagnosing POI.