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RESUMEN Se evaluó la actividad antifúngica del aceite esencial de limón de cerca (Swinglea glutinosa) sobre el hongo Colletotrichum sp. aislado de frutos de mango (Mangifera indica L). El aceite esencial, se obtuvo por hidrodestilación de hojas y corteza del fruto, y mediante cromatografía de gases acoplada a espectrometría de masas se determinó la fitoquímica. Se identificaron presuntivamente 41 metabolitos secundarios, siendo los compuestos mayoritarios (β-pineno (31.3 %), α-pineno (15.1%) y germacreno D (14.4 %). El aceite esencial inhibió el crecimiento del hongo en un 31.16 %, 52.77 % y 82.41 % en ensayo de dilución en agar, a las concentraciones de 0.3, 1 y 2 % respectivamente, con diferencias entre todos los tratamientos evaluados (p=0.000). En ensayo de dilución en caldo se registró inhibición de la germinación de esporas de 0, 1 9.47, 41.03 y 100 % (p=0.000) a concentraciones de 0, 2, 4 y 8 μL/mL. Adicionalmente, en ensayo de microatmósfera se presentó una inhibición de máxima de 22,97 % del crecimiento micelial con adición de 20 μL de aceite esencial por caja de Petri (p=0.000). Este trabajo encontró que el aceite esencial de S. glutinosa ejerce inhibición dosis-dependiente sobre el crecimiento micelial y la germinación de esporas de Colletotrichum sp.
ABSTRACT The antifungal activity of the essential oil of Swinglea glutinosa on the fungus Colletotrichum sp. isolated from mango (Mangifera indica L) fruit was evaluated. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation of leaves and fruit rind, and phytochemistry was determined by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Forty-one secondary metabolites were presumptively identified, the major compounds being (β-pinene (31.3 %), α-pinene (15.1 %) and germacrene D (14.4 %). The essential oil inhibited fungal growth by 31.16 %, 52.77 % and 82.41 % in agar dilution assay, at concentrations of 0.3, 1 and 2 % respectively, with differences among all treatments evaluated (p=0.000). In the broth dilution test, spore germination inhibition of 0, 19.47, 41.03 and 100 % (p=0.000) was recorded at concentrations of 0, 2, 4 and 8 μL/mL. Additionally, in microatmosphere assay, a maximum inhibition of 22.97 % of mycelial growth was presented with the addition of 20 μL of essential oil per Petri dish. This work found that the essential oil of S. glutinosa exerts dose-dependent inhibition on mycelial growth and spore germination of Colletotrichum sp.
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INTRODUCTION: Enterobacteria are the main group causing infections in humans. The aim of this review is to present the new genera and the taxonomic changes that the Enterobacteriacea family has experienced in recent years. METHODOLOGY: a systematic search of papers published in databases from January 2000 to July 2018 was done. Additionally, the bibliographic references of each document were reviewed and each paper citing the article was reviewed in search of clinical cases. RESULTS: Nineteen new genera of Enterobacteria have been described since 2000. The genera Yersinia, Morganella and Erwinia do not belong to the family Enterobacteriacea anymore. CONCLUSIONS: for an adequate clinical and epidemiological interpretation, it is advisable to update the libraries of the commercial systems used for the identification of the microorganisms, as well as to train the staff in the taxonomic changes of microorganisms.