RESUMO
Intramuscular fat (IMF) content is a crucial parameter for estimating meat quality. Growing evidence indicates that gene regulation plays an important role in IMF deposition. This study aimed to determine the function of Mfsd2a in chicken intramuscular preadipocytes. In the present study, high Mfsd2a mRNA levels were observed in the liver and adipose tissues of broilers. Subsequently, we synthesized small interfering RNAs to silence the expression of Mfsd2a in chicken intramuscular preadipocytes. The following results suggested that CDK2, PCNA, CCND1, CCND2 and MKI67 were inhibited, with CCK-8 and EdU assays revealing that cell proliferation was inhibited. Scratch test showed that cell migration ratios were declined. We also found that Mfsd2a silencing decreased the mRNA levels of PPARγ, RXRG and their target genes. The similar results were found in some key genes that contribute to lipid synthesis, including C/EBPα, C/EBPß, FABP4, FASN, ACACA and ACSL1. Finally, Oil red O staining showed that IMF accumulation was blocked after Mfsd2a silencing. In conclusion, our results implied that Mfsd2a promotes the proliferation and migration of chicken intramuscular preadipocytes, as well as the differentiation and adipogenesis through PPARγ signaling pathway, which may provide a potential target to improve chicken meat quality.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Galinhas , Antígeno Nuclear de Célula em Proliferação , Adipogenia , SimportadoresRESUMO
Myostatin (MSTN) is a negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth. In order to investigate whether there is a correlation between MSTN polymorphisms and chicken production performance, in this study, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in MSTN gene were examined across 180 Daheng broilers by direct sequencing of PCR product, and the correlations between the genotype and body weight at the age of 1-10 weeks and carcass traits at the age of 73 day were analyzed. Five SNPs (rs313622770, rs313744840, rs316247861, rs314431084, rs317126751) of MSTN gene were identified across Daheng broiler samples, and four haplotypes were reconstructed based on the five SNPs. Results of association analysis showed that four (rs313622770, rs313744840, rs316247861 and rs317126751) of these SNPs had significant association with some growth traits (p 0.05), but there were no significant effect on carcass traits and the four SNPs were strong linkage. For rs314431084, there was no significant correlation between different genotypes and growth or carcass traits. The AA genotype of rs313622770, GG genotype of rs313744840, CC genotype of rs316247861, TT genotype of rs317126751 were good for chicken growth. Diplotypes were significantly associated with chest muscle and leg muscle weight (p 0.05). Overall, these results provide evidence that polymorphisms in MSTN gene are associated with growth traits in chicken. The SNPs in MSTN gene could be utilized as potential markers for marker-assisted selection (MAS) during chicken breeding.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Galinhas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Galinhas/metabolismo , Miostatina , Estudo de Associação Genômica Ampla/veterinária , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo ÚnicoRESUMO
Myostatin (MSTN) is a negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth. In order to investigate whether there is a correlation between MSTN polymorphisms and chicken production performance, in this study, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in MSTN gene were examined across 180 Daheng broilers by direct sequencing of PCR product, and the correlations between the genotype and body weight at the age of 1-10 weeks and carcass traits at the age of 73 day were analyzed. Five SNPs (rs313622770, rs313744840, rs316247861, rs314431084, rs317126751) of MSTN gene were identified across Daheng broiler samples, and four haplotypes were reconstructed based on the five SNPs. Results of association analysis showed that four (rs313622770, rs313744840, rs316247861 and rs317126751) of these SNPs had significant association with some growth traits (p 0.05), but there were no significant effect on carcass traits and the four SNPs were strong linkage. For rs314431084, there was no significant correlation between different genotypes and growth or carcass traits. The AA genotype of rs313622770, GG genotype of rs313744840, CC genotype of rs316247861, TT genotype of rs317126751 were good for chicken growth. Diplotypes were significantly associated with chest muscle and leg muscle weight (p 0.05). Overall, these results provide evidence that polymorphisms in MSTN gene are associated with growth traits in chicken. The SNPs in MSTN gene could be utilized as potential markers for marker-assisted selection (MAS) during chicken breeding.
Assuntos
Animais , Estudo de Associação Genômica Ampla/veterinária , Galinhas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Galinhas/metabolismo , Miostatina , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo ÚnicoRESUMO
ABSTRACT A complete linkage disequilibrium between the SNP (SNP B) in BCDO2 gene and the yellow skin phenotype in European domestic chicken has been reported. Here, we genotyped the reported SNPs (SNP A, SNP B, and SNP C) of the BCDO2 gene in 183 Chinese Indigenous chickens from 11 breeds/populations, including 57 yellow, 17 white, and 109 black skin chickens. The frequency of all three SNPs were significantly different between yellow and white skin chickens (p 0.01). In black skin chickens, a high frequency of the heterozygous genotype (AG) in SNP A (0.51) and SNP B (0.48) was observed. A total of three haplotypes (AAA, AGA, and GAA) from these three SNPs were obtained. Frequencies of the proposed yellow skin-associated haplotype AGA in yellow skin, white skin, and black skin chickens were 0.81, 0.35, and 0.56, respectively. The results showed that the yellow skin phenotype of the evaluated birds has not been under selection, and that the BCDO2 gene in black skin chickens, evolutionally may undergo a transition phase from yellow to white skin chicken. We concluded that, the SNPs of BCDO2 gene not only can be used to determine whether the chicken was subjected to selection, but may also be used as a marker when selecting for the preferred skin color in chicken breeding programs.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Aves Domésticas/anatomia & histologia , Aves Domésticas/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único/genéticaRESUMO
ABSTRACT A complete linkage disequilibrium between the SNP (SNP B) in BCDO2 gene and the yellow skin phenotype in European domestic chicken has been reported. Here, we genotyped the reported SNPs (SNP A, SNP B, and SNP C) of the BCDO2 gene in 183 Chinese Indigenous chickens from 11 breeds/populations, including 57 yellow, 17 white, and 109 black skin chickens. The frequency of all three SNPs were significantly different between yellow and white skin chickens (p 0.01). In black skin chickens, a high frequency of the heterozygous genotype (AG) in SNP A (0.51) and SNP B (0.48) was observed. A total of three haplotypes (AAA, AGA, and GAA) from these three SNPs were obtained. Frequencies of the proposed yellow skin-associated haplotype AGA in yellow skin, white skin, and black skin chickens were 0.81, 0.35, and 0.56, respectively. The results showed that the yellow skin phenotype of the evaluated birds has not been under selection, and that the BCDO2 gene in black skin chickens, evolutionally may undergo a transition phase from yellow to white skin chicken. We concluded that, the SNPs of BCDO2 gene not only can be used to determine whether the chicken was subjected to selection, but may also be used as a marker when selecting for the preferred skin color in chicken breeding programs.
Assuntos
Animais , Aves Domésticas/anatomia & histologia , Aves Domésticas/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único/genéticaRESUMO
Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) is a crucial adaptor molecule of the interleukin-1 receptor/Toll-like receptor (IL-1/TLR) superfamily, which can trigger downstream signaling cascades involved in innate immunity. The function of TRAF6 has been clarified in mammals but is poorly understood in chicken. In our study, we investigated TRAF6 function in birds, particularly in chicken innate immune responses, by cloning and characterizing chicken TRAF6 (chTRAF6). The full-length coding sequence of chTRAF6 comprised 1638 bp and encoded a 545-amino acid protein, which shares high sequence similarity with TRAF6 of other species and consists of four structurally conserved domains. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed that chTRAF6 was widely expressed in all tested tissues and its expression was induced in chicken embryo fibroblast cells treated with poly(I:C) and poly(dA:dT). Increased expression of chTRAF6 was observed both in vitro and in vivo following infection with Newcastle disease virus in chickens. Taken together, these results suggest that chTRAF6 plays a vital role in host defense against viral infection in chicken.
Assuntos
Proteínas Aviárias/genética , Galinhas/genética , Fator 6 Associado a Receptor de TNF/genética , Animais , Proteínas Aviárias/química , Proteínas Aviárias/metabolismo , Galinhas/imunologia , Galinhas/metabolismo , Resistência à Doença/genética , Resistência à Doença/imunologia , Expressão Gênica , Imunidade Inata/genética , Domínios e Motivos de Interação entre Proteínas , Transdução de Sinais , Fator 6 Associado a Receptor de TNF/química , Fator 6 Associado a Receptor de TNF/metabolismoRESUMO
Proline accumulation is involved in plant osmotic stress tolerance. Given that DNA methylation is related to almost all metabolic processes through regulation of gene expression, we suspected that this epigenetic modification and proline biosynthesis are probably related. To test this, we investigated whether osmotic stress-induced proline accumulation is associated with DNA methylation modifications in rice. We assessed DNA methylation and expression of 3 key genes (P5CR, P5CS, and δ-OAT) involved in proline biosynthesis, and measured proline content under both osmotic stress (15% polyethylene glycol) and control conditions. After osmotic stress, selfed progenies of osmotic-stressed plants accumulated higher concentrations of proline in leaves under both normal conditions and under osmotic stress than the unstressed control plants. Concomitantly, under osmotic stress, the selfed progeny plants showed higher expression levels of P5CS and δ-OAT than the control. This up-regulated expression was stably inherited by the subsequent generation. Methylation-sensitive Southern blotting indicated that 2 of the 3 genes, P5CS and δ-OAT, had greater DNA demethylation in the selfed progenies than in the control. Apparently DNA demethylation facilitated proline accumulation by up-regulating expression of the P5CS and δ-OAT genes in response to osmotic stress.