RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Fava beans (FBs) have long been used as food, and their principal disadvantage is derived from their haemotoxicity. We hypothesized that FB ingestion alters the intestinal gene expression pattern, thereby inducing an immune response. RESULTS: In-depth sequence analysis identified 769 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with the intestine in FB-treated DBA/1 mouse intestines. The identified genes were shown to be associated with biological processes (such as response to stimulus and immune system processes), human disease pathways (such as infectious diseases, endocrine and metabolic diseases, and immune diseases), and organismal system pathways (such as the digestive system, endocrine system, environmental adaptation, and immune system). Moreover, plasma total immunoglobulin E (IgE), histamine, interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 levels were significantly increased when the mice were treated with FBs. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrated that FBs affect the intestinal immune response and IgE and cytokine secretion in DBA/1 mice.
Assuntos
Imunidade Humoral/imunologia , Mucosa Intestinal/imunologia , Vicia faba/efeitos adversos , Animais , Favismo/etiologia , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos DBA , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Transdução de Sinais , Vicia faba/imunologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Fava beans (FBs) have long been used as food, and their principal disadvantage is derived from their haemotoxicity. We hypothesized that FB ingestion alters the intestinal gene expression pattern, thereby inducing an immune response. RESULTS: In-depth sequence analysis identified 769 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with the intestine in FB-treated DBA/1 mouse intestines. The identified genes were shown to be associated with biological processes (such as response to stimulus and immune system processes), human disease pathways (such as infectious diseases, endocrine and metabolic diseases, and immune diseases), and organismal system pathways (such as the digestive system, endocrine system, environmental adaptation, and immune system). Moreover, plasma total immunoglobulin E (IgE), histamine, interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 levels were significantly increased when the mice were treated with FBs. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrated that FBs affect the intestinal immune response and IgE and cytokine secretion in DBA/1 mice.
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Camundongos , Vicia faba/efeitos adversos , Imunidade Humoral/imunologia , Mucosa Intestinal/imunologia , Transdução de Sinais , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Vicia faba/imunologia , Favismo/etiologia , Camundongos Endogâmicos DBARESUMO
BACKGROUND: A number of dysregulated miRNAs have been identified and are proposed to have significant roles in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus or renal pathology. Alpinia oxyphylla has shown significant anti-inflammatory properties and play an anti-diabetes role. The objective of this study was to detect the alteration of miRNAs underlying the anti-diabetes effects of A. oxyphylla extract (AOE) in a type II diabetic animal model (C57BIKsj db-/db-). RESULTS: Treatment with AOE for 8 weeks led to lower concentrations of blood glucose, urine albumin, and urine creatinine. 17 and 13 miRNAs were statistically identified as differentially regulated in the DB/DB and db-/db- AOE mice, respectively, compared to the untreated db-/db- mice. Of these, 7 miRNAs were identified in both comparison groups, and these 7 miRNAs were verified by quantitative real-time PCR. Functional bioinformatics showed that the putative target genes of 7 miRNAs were associated with several diabetes effects and signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS: These founding suggest that the potential of AOE as a medicinal anti-diabetes treatment through changes in the expressions of specific miRNAs. The results provide a useful resource for future investigation of the role of AOE-regulated miRNAs in diabetes mellitus.
Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/tratamento farmacológico , Hipoglicemiantes/farmacologia , Rim/efeitos dos fármacos , MicroRNAs/efeitos dos fármacos , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Albuminúria , Alpinia , Animais , Glicemia/análise , Creatinina/sangue , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/tratamento farmacológico , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/metabolismo , Nefropatias Diabéticas/tratamento farmacológico , Nefropatias Diabéticas/metabolismo , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Rim/metabolismo , Masculino , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Análise de Sequência de RNA , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: A number of dysregulated miRNAs have been identified and are proposed to have significant roles in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus or renal pathology. Alpinia oxyphylla has shown significant anti-inflammatory properties and play an anti-diabetes role. The objective of this study was to detect the alteration of miRNAs underlying the anti-diabetes effects of A. oxyphylla extract (AOE) in a type II diabetic animal model (C57BIKsj db-/db-). RESULTS: Treatment with AOE for 8 weeks led to lower concentrations of blood glucose, urine albumin, and urine creatinine. 17 and 13 miRNAs were statistically identified as differentially regulated in the DB/DB and db-/db- AOE mice, respectively, compared to the untreated db-/db- mice. Of these, 7 miRNAs were identified in both comparison groups, and these 7 miRNAs were verified by quantitative real-time PCR. Functional bioinformatics showed that the putative target genes of 7 miRNAs were associated with several diabetes effects and signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS: These founding suggest that the potential of AOE as a medicinal anti-diabetes treatment through changes in the expressions of specific miRNAs. The results provide a useful resource for future investigation of the role of AOE-regulated miRNAs in diabetes mellitus.
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Camundongos , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , MicroRNAs/efeitos dos fármacos , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/tratamento farmacológico , Hipoglicemiantes/farmacologia , Rim/efeitos dos fármacos , Fatores de Tempo , Glicemia/análise , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Resultado do Tratamento , Análise de Sequência de RNA , Creatinina/sangue , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/tratamento farmacológico , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/metabolismo , Nefropatias Diabéticas/metabolismo , Nefropatias Diabéticas/tratamento farmacológico , Albuminúria , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Rim/metabolismo , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BLRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) on children's growth by the study of identical twins. STUDY DESIGN: Seventeen cases of nonobese children with OSAS were included in this study. The control group was their identical twin sibling, who had no signs of OSAS. Data including height, weight, and serum insulin-like growth factor 1 levels were analyzed before tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy (T&A) and at 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. RESULTS: The mean apnea hyponea index was 3.9 times/hour in patients with OSAS and became normal after surgery. Minimum oxygen saturation gradually increased after T&A. The height and weight of the OSAS group before T&A was lower than the control group. During the follow-up period, height and weight increased but were lower than the control group. Serum insulin-like growth factor 1 levels in the OSAS group before T&A were lower than the control group. The level was significantly increased 3 months after T&A. CONCLUSION: OSAS impairs growth and development. Significant growth recovery occurs after T&A, and early surgical intervention is an important factor for improvement in growth.
Assuntos
Desenvolvimento Infantil/fisiologia , Doenças em Gêmeos , Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono/fisiopatologia , Gêmeos , Adenoidectomia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Polissonografia , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono/cirurgia , TonsilectomiaRESUMO
The present study of 45 early leprosy cases in an endemic area in China indicates: a) Sensitivity of acid-fast bacilli (AFB) detection can be significantly improved by examining approximately 30 serial sections. AFB and/or phenolic glycolipid-I (PGL-I) were mostly detected in the infiltrates in the subepidermal zone, intraneurium, perineurium and around blood vessels. b) PGL-I antigen was positive in 10 clinically suspected, single lesion leprosy cases and AFB positive in 7 patients, AFB and/or PGL-I in nerve in 6 patients. c) Nonspecific chronic inflammation in indeterminate leprosy presented as selective perineural and/or intraneural infiltration with lymphocytes predominating. In the infiltrating mass, fragments of neural tissue were demonstrated with anti-S-100 protein staining. d) Except for 3 cases with unknown numbers of lesions, the present positive immunohistopathological findings are in direct correlation with the number of lesions at first diagnosis, namely: 41.6% (10/24) for single lesion, 66.6% (6/9) for 2 lesions, and 88.8% (8/9) for patients with > or = 3 lesions. e) Typical epithelioid or macrophage granuloma formations were not seen in early leprosy with a single lesion. In testing the immunological inclination of these patients with CD68 or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) a positive test is likely to be of prognostic value since TNF-alpha is involved in granuloma formation and nerve damage.
Assuntos
Hanseníase/epidemiologia , Hanseníase/fisiopatologia , Hanseníase/reabilitaçãoRESUMO
In Weifang Prefecture, Shandong Province, and Wenshan Prefecture, Yunnan Province of China, leprosy was highly prevalent in the 1950s. Due to differences in geographical conditions and socioeconomic development, the decline in leprosy prevalence between 1955 and 1993 was 99.5% (10.1 to 0.05/10,000) in Weifang and 93.9% (19.7 to 1.2/10,000) in Wenshan. The decrease in the detection rate was 99.9% (35.2 to 0.05/10,000) in Weifang and 91.7% (69.9 to 5.8/10,000) in Wenshan. The decrease was more apparent in these two prefectures since the implementation of multidrug therapy (MDT) in 1986. Findings such as specific detection rates by age, sex and type, as well as the multibacillary, child, and deformity rates of patients detected since 1980 were studied. Using the detection and prevalence rates between 1980 and 1993, the number of patients until the year 2000 is extrapolated for these two prefectures