RESUMO
Birth defects contribute substantially to the burden of morbidity and mortality in the Region of the Americas. Numerous efforts exist to raise awareness of this problem and to implement surveillance in health and government sectors. However, there is still a long way to go. In this regard, for several years, countries have been taking actions to coordinate efforts, while strengthening and establishing strategic alliances to achieve significant results. The extensive history of efforts aimed at responding to the situation of birth defects in the Region includes actions in health care, epidemiology, legislation, and investigation, with participation from the scientific and technical community, government, and civil society. After taking into account all these aspects, the Pan American Health Organization/Latin American Center for Perinatology, Women, and Reproductive Health (PAHO/CLAP/WR), together with the World Bank, decided to create a document summarizing the regional situation of birth defects from an epidemiological and programmatic perspective, to analyze the challenges and offer countries guidance to address birth defects, their determinants, and consequences, with the ultimate goal of helping to "leave no one behind."
Assuntos
Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Anormalidades Congênitas , América , Registros , Região do Caribe , Monitoramento EpidemiológicoAssuntos
Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Ciências da Nutrição , Países em Desenvolvimento , Saúde Pública , PopulaçãoAssuntos
Métodos Epidemiológicos , Promoção da Saúde , Qualidade de Vida , Saúde Pública , Ensaio ClínicoRESUMO
Every year about 20 million women undergo the hazards of an unsafely induced abortion. About 70.000 of them die as a result, and millions more suffer lOng-term morbidity and disability. In addition, an estimated 5 million women require care for spontaneous second-trimester abortion. Almost all the deaths, and much of the morbidity associated with abortion, could be prevented if the women had access to appropriate health care and family planning services. Emergency care for the complications of abortion, whether sponteneous or induced, should be available 24 hours a day in every health care system
This publication contains guidelines for improving the quality and availability of such care, as part of a primary health care system, and sets out the standards of safety and quality that should be met by elective abortion services. It also considers how unsafe abortion and its consequences can be prevented through education, family planning and improved access to health services. The information given here is intended to assist national and local managers in establishing, implementing and evaluating women's health care. The guidelines are meant to be flexible and to be adapted to the social and cultural circumstances of each country
Assuntos
Mortalidade Materna , Fatores de Risco , Causas de Morte , Serviços de Saúde da Mulher , Relações Interinstitucionais , Formulação de Políticas , Legislação como Assunto , Direito à SaúdeRESUMO
This book examines the role of various nutritional and other health problems on child development and provides an excellent overview of results of early childhood supplementation and stimulation programs. Echoing one of the workshop's undercurrents, the chapters in this book emphasize the importance of approaching child development in an integrated way that considers how its building blocks-health, nutrition, and psychosocial stimulation-interact with one another. For if we are to truly help these children who lag behind, our interventions must embrace not only their physical health, but also their functional well-being. PAHO is proud to issue this joint publication with TMRU and the World Bank. Policy-makers, international agencies, nutrition researchers, and program developers and managers should all find useful information here as we work together to enhance our Region's human capital (Director-PAHO)
Assuntos
Criança , Humanos , Desenvolvimento Infantil , Países em Desenvolvimento , Nutrição da Criança , Transtornos da Nutrição Infantil/históriaRESUMO
Conference of Wives of Heads of State and Government of the Americas, 8. World Bank; 1998
. Pan American Health Organization
Assuntos
Programas de Nutrição , Nutrição da Criança , América Latina , Região do CaribeRESUMO
This book examines the role of various nutritional and other health problems on child development and provides an excellent overview of results of early childhood supplementation and stimulation programs. Echoing one of the workshop's undercurrents, the chapters in this book emphasize the importance of approaching child development in an integrated way that considers how its building blocks-health, nutrition, and psychosocial stimulation-interact with one another. For if we are to truly help these children who lag behind, our interventions must embrace not only their physical health, but also their functional well-being. PAHO is proud to issue this joint publication with TMRU and the World Bank. Policy-makers, international agencies, nutrition researchers, and program developers and managers should all find useful information here as we work together to enhance our Region's human capital (Director-PAHO)
Assuntos
Criança , Humanos , Desenvolvimento Infantil , Nutrição da Criança , Transtornos da Nutrição Infantil , Países em DesenvolvimentoAssuntos
Conservação dos Recursos Naturais , Meio Ambiente , Saúde Ambiental , Guias como Assunto , Monitoramento Ambiental/instrumentação , Objetivos , Cooperação Internacional , América Latina , Participação da Comunidade , Planejamento Socioeconômico , Planejamento Estratégico , Saúde Pública/tendênciasRESUMO
This report has been prepared based upon the discussions, opinions, and suggestions that resulted from the Pan American Conference on Health and Environment in Sustainable Human Development, October 1-3, 1995