RESUMO
The development of subcutaneous fat tissue in the US was found to follow the following stages: preschool loss, prepubertal gain, adolescent loss, stabilization, adult gain, and after top fatness, age loss. 1208 subjects 2-80 years old were studied in Maya a mixed population from Merida and Progreso (Yucatan, Mexico) measuring two fatfolds. A population of 7924 from Polish towns and villages was chosen measuring 10 fatfolds. The same pattern of fatfolds growth was found in different ethnic groups, except level of thickness and age at turning points. Adolescent loss is characteristic only for boys, and stabilization for girls. The pattern was clearly expressed in females but was only slightly marked in Yucatan males and in Poles. Data was compared for triceps fatfold, and also for the summation of several fatfolds, sometimes different in the studied populations (from 2 to 10 sites was measured). Preschool loss was mainly found at 2-5 years of age, prepubertal gain at 7-10 years, adolescent loss in boys at 11-15 years, stabilization in girls at 15-20 years, adult gain at 17-45 years, top fatness in various populations occurred between 45 and 55 years of age and next age loss was observed. Most scanty fat tissue occurred in the Peru Nunoa population, next in the Poles and white and black Americans, fat tissues became more abundant in the Mexican American and Puerto Rican, and was most abundant in the Yucatecan population. US black females have thicker fatfold than white, but white males thicker than black. Differences in amount of fat tissue are probably related to nutritional levels (quantity) and habits (quality).
Assuntos
Dobras Cutâneas , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , México , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Peru , Polônia , Estados UnidosRESUMO
The paper is focused on the seasonal pattern of birth and occurrence of menarche in different populations. The material collected in 1988/89 consists of 522 girls and their 249 mothers from schools of Merida, and of 135 girls and their 66 mothers from Progreso (Yucatan, Mexico). Occurrence of a biorhythm due to which girls matured in the month of their birth more frequently than by chance, was found. A shift of the maturation to an earlier or later month is caused by stress acceleration up or delaying maturation. Seasonal differences in menarche occur in different climates, but they depend on seasonal differences in the life style, occupation, and the like, rather than on climate itself. Typically menarche occurs in the extreme periods in terms of climate, diet, hard work, stress, etc., that is, in summer and/or in winter. The age of mother's maturation is correlated with that of daughter's. Month of daughter's maturation is correlated with that of mother's. Correlation exists between the month of woman's birth and the month of her maturation. No correlation exists between the month of daughter's birth and that of mother's, and between the month of daughter's maturation and the month of mother's birth.
Assuntos
Menarca , Periodicidade , Estações do Ano , Adaptação Fisiológica , Adolescente , Adulto , Clima , Estudos de Coortes , Dieta , Feminino , Humanos , México , Características de Residência , Estresse PsicológicoRESUMO
9936 families were analyzed from Bulgaria, Japan, Korea, Mexico, and Poland. A factor analysis revealed four factors: culture (F1), income (F2), genetics (F3), and family and apartment size (F4). Family types we coded as 1 if below the median and 2 if above the median. The most frequent types were represented by 1122, 2221, and 2211 (frequency 8.7-8.0%), and the least frequent by 1221 and 2111 (frequency 4.2-4.3%). Some similarity with respect to family types were found between populations: from Polish regions with heavy industry and seaside regions; from Polish towns under industrialization and from Mexico; from the Polish medium-size town of Lublin and Bulgarian towns; from Polish villages; from Polish mountain areas and north-eastern towns; from Korea; from Japan; from Polish cities.