RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate children with cystic fibrosis (CF) who had a late diagnosis of CF (LD-CF) despite newborn screening (NBS) and compare their clinical outcomes with children diagnosed after a positive NBS (NBS-CF). STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective review of patients with LD-CF in New South Wales, Australia, from 1988 to 2010 was performed. LD-CF was defined as NBS-negative (negative immunoreactive trypsinogen or no F508del) or NBS-positive but discharged following sweat chloride < 60 mmol/L. Cases of LD-CF were each matched 1:2 with patients with NBS-CF for age, sex, hospital, and exocrine pancreatic status. RESULTS: A total of 45 LD-CF cases were identified (39 NBS-negative and 6 NBS-positive) with 90 NBS-CF matched controls. Median age (IQR) of diagnosis for LD-CF and NBS-CF was 1.35 (0.4-2.8) and 0.12 (0.03-0.2) years, respectively (P <.0001). Estimated incidence of LD-CF was 1 in 45 000 live births. Compared with NBS-CF, LD-CF had more respiratory manifestations at time of diagnosis (66% vs 4%; P <.0001), a higher rate of hospital admission per year for respiratory illness (0.49 vs 0.2; P = .0004), worse lung function (forced expiratory volume in 1 second percentage of predicted, 0.88 vs 0.97; P = .007), and higher rates of chronic colonization with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (47% vs 24%; P = .01). The LD-CF cohort also appeared to be shorter than NBS-CF controls (mean height z-score -0.65 vs -0.03; P = .02). CONCLUSIONS: LD-CF, despite NBS, seems to be associated with worse health before diagnosis and worse later growth and respiratory outcomes, thus providing further support for NBS programs for CF.
Assuntos
Fibrose Cística/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Tardio/efeitos adversos , Hospitalização/estatística & dados numéricos , Triagem Neonatal/métodos , Avaliação de Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde , Fatores Etários , Fibrose Cística/mortalidade , Fibrose Cística/terapia , Bases de Dados Factuais , Progressão da Doença , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , New South Wales , Prognóstico , Testes de Função Respiratória , Estudos Retrospectivos , Medição de Risco , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Fatores Sexuais , Taxa de SobrevidaAssuntos
Regulador de Condutância Transmembrana em Fibrose Cística/sangue , Fibrose Cística/diagnóstico , Triagem Neonatal/métodos , Tripsina/sangue , Fibrose Cística/genética , Regulador de Condutância Transmembrana em Fibrose Cística/genética , Feminino , Marcadores Genéticos/genética , Testes Genéticos/métodos , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Tripsina/genéticaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To describe and analyze the use and costs of hospital services for children diagnosed with medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency either with newborn screening or clinical diagnosis in Australia between 1994 and 2002. MCAD deficiency is a potentially lethal disorder of fatty-acid oxidation. STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a retrospective audit of medical records supplemented by a parental survey. RESULTS: A total of 59 children with MCAD deficiency were identified, 24 by using newborn screening. In the first 4 years of life, screening children cost an average of A$1676 (US$1297) per year for inpatient, emergency department, and outpatient visits, compared with A$1796 (US$1390) for children in whom a clinical diagnosis was made. Forty-two percent of the children who underwent screening were admitted to the hospital, compared with 71% of children who did not undergo screening. Children who did not undergo screening used significantly more inpatient services and cost significantly more in emergency services. There were also some significant differences in use on a year-by-year basis. CONCLUSIONS: Children who do not undergo screening may be more likely to be admitted to the hospital and to incur higher emergency department costs than children who underwent screening, and children seem more likely to attend hospital outpatient clinics. Screening does not result in higher costs from a hospital perspective.