RESUMO
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is transmitted mainly by the parenteral route after percutaneous exposure to virus-infected products or body fluids. Thus, HCV shares with hepatitis B and D (HBV, HDV) viruses this common transmission route. The prevalence of antibody against HCV (anti-HCV) was studied in 1155 serum samples from individuals at risk of infection by bloodborne or sexually transmitted agents, as well as from others lacking such risk factors, from the city of Maracaibo, Venezuela. Anti-HCV and serological markers of infection by HBV and HDV were also studied in further 550 samples taken from Bari Indians living in different communities in the Perijá mountains, State of Zulia, Venezuela. The results obtained showed that recipients of blood or blood products are at increased risk of HCV infection in Maracaibo, whereas sexual transmission plays only a minor role if any. Both HBV and HDV infections were highly prevalent among Bari Indians (64.4% positive for anti-HBc; 11.1% of HBsAg carriers; 15.3% positive for anti-HDV among HBsAg carriers). No anti-HCV positive samples were, however, detected among them, thus suggesting either that HCV has not still reached this population or that HBV and HDV are transmitted by routes unshared by HCV. Anti-HCV was also absent among samples from mentally retarded patients from Maracaibo, thus confirming similar findings from other countries and supporting the existence of specific transmission mechanisms for HBV and HDV which are not working for HCV.
Assuntos
Hepatite C/epidemiologia , Especificidade de Anticorpos , Biomarcadores , Feminino , Hepacivirus/imunologia , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite/sangue , Hepatite B/epidemiologia , Hepatite C/imunologia , Hepatite C/transmissão , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite C , Hepatite D/epidemiologia , Humanos , Indígenas Sul-Americanos , Masculino , Gravidez , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Venezuela/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Se revisaron 97.480 fichas de los archivos del Instituto Hematológico de Occidente, estado Zulia, Venezuela, procedentes de los diferentes distritos con el fin de realizar un estudio sobre Hepatitis B en donantes de sangre por un período de 9 años (1983-1991). El método serológico utilizado fue el inmunoenzimático Corzyme, Abbott Laboratorio, obteniéndose 2.136 casos positivos (2,19 por ciento). A partir del año 1987 se observa un incremento del número de casos de Hepatitis B, lo cual se explica por la inclusión del anticuerpo core (AccHB) en conjunto por el antígeno de superficie (AgsHB) como marcador diagnóstico de la referida patología. De los casos positivos de Hepatitis B el mayor porcentaje corresponde al anticuerpo core (AccHB) (54,54 por ciento), seguido en frecuencia por el antígeno de superficie (AgsHB) (41,39 por ciento) y ambos marcadores (AgsHB + AccHB) (4,07 por ciento)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Doadores de Sangue/classificação , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite , Hepatite B , Saúde Pública/tendências , Estudos SoroepidemiológicosRESUMO
The results of 188 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, studied between 1985 and 1990, showed that 8 cases were CD10 negative, Dr, and CD19 positive. These findings indicate cell dedifferentiation and poor prognosis. The patients age ranged from 2 to 30 years, with a mean of 11 years. The male/female ratio was 5/3. Lymph node enlargement and splenomegaly were found in the 8 patients. With the exception of one patient in whom leucopenia was present, the white cell counts were always higher than 30,000/dl. The karyotype was studied in four cases, and all of them were hyperdiploid. This is the first report in Venezuela of cases with acute lymphoblastic leukemia - CD 10 negative.