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In patients with diabetes, chronic hyperglycemia impairs immune function at wound sites, increasing susceptibility to infections, prolonging inflammation, and delaying healing. This study aimed to develop wound dressings that control bacterial infections and accelerate healing. Phloretin (PHL), which has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, was encapsulated with γ-cyclodextrin (γ-CD) to form a PHL@CD complex with enhanced bioavailability. This complex was incorporated into nanofiber wound dressings composed of polycaprolactone and natural silk protein. The resulting dressings exhibited favorable physical and chemical properties, including nutrient transport and gas exchange, which are essential for wound healing. The nanofiber membranes exhibited antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (90.31 ± 4.41 % inhibition), with high antioxidant capacity (91.48 ± 0.33 % ABTS scavenging) and blood compatibility. The membranes also promoted cell viability. Importantly, the nanofiber dressings accelerated wound healing in a diabetic mouse model by reducing the duration of inflammation. The novel nanofiber wound dressing can significantly improve the treatment of diabetic wounds.

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Wound healing in diabetic patients is often complicated by issues like inflammation, infection, bleeding, and fluid retention. To tackle these challenges, it is essential to create hydrogel dressings with anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidative properties. This study aimed to synthesize Phlorizin-Liposomes (PL) through the thin-film dispersion method and integrate them into an oxidized sodium alginate (OSA) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) hydrogel scaffold, resulting in an OSA/CMCS/PL (PLOCS) composite hydrogel via a Schiff base reaction. Characterization of the composite was performed using FTIR, TEM, and SEM techniques. The research assessed the swelling behavior, antibacterial effectiveness, and biocompatibility of the PLOCS composite hydrogel, while also investigating how PLOCS facilitates diabetic wound healing. The results demonstrated that PLOCS effectively controls drug release, possesses favorable swelling and degradation characteristics, and shows significant antioxidative properties along with in vitro biocompatibility. Histological analysis confirmed that PLOCS supports the proliferation of healthy epithelial tissue and collagen production. Western blotting indicated that PLOCS diminishes inflammation by inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB/MyD88 pathway and activates Nrf2 to boost wound healing, increasing the levels of antioxidative enzymes such as HO-1, NQO1, and GCLC. In summary, PLOCS presents a promising new option for advanced wound dressings aimed at treating diabetic ulcers.

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Bone defects caused by trauma, infection and congenital diseases still face great challenges. Dihydromyricetin (DHM) is a kind of flavone extracted from Ampelopsis grossedentata, a traditional Chinese medicine. DHM can enhance the osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells with the potential to promote bone regeneration. Hydrogel can be used as a carrier of DHM to promote bone regeneration due to its unique biochemical characteristics and three-dimensional structure. In this study, oxidized phellinus igniarius polysaccharides (OP) and L-arginine chitosan (CA) are used to develop hydrogel. The pore size and gel strength of the hydrogel can be changed by adjusting the oxidation degree of oxidized phellinus igniarius polysaccharides. The addition of DHM further reduce the pore size of the hydrogel (213 µm), increase the mechanical properties of the hydrogel, and increase the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the hydrogel. The scavenging rate of DPPH are 72.30 ± 0.33 %, and the inhibition rate of E.coli and S.aureus are 93.12 ± 0.38 % and 94.49 ± 1.57 %, respectively. In addition, PCAD has good adhesion and biocompatibility, and its extract can effectively promote the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. Network pharmacology and molecular docking show that the promoting effect of DHM on osteogenesis may be achieved by activating the PI3K/AKT and MAPK signaling pathways. This is confirmed through in vitro cell experiments and in vivo animal experiments.

Assuntos

Regeneração Óssea , Quitosana , Flavonóis , Hidrogéis , Sistema de Sinalização das MAP Quinases , Osteogênese , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinases , Polissacarídeos , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt , Quitosana/química , Quitosana/farmacologia , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt/metabolismo , Animais , Flavonóis/farmacologia , Flavonóis/química , Camundongos , Hidrogéis/química , Hidrogéis/farmacologia , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinases/metabolismo , Polissacarídeos/química , Polissacarídeos/farmacologia , Osteogênese/efeitos dos fármacos , Regeneração Óssea/efeitos dos fármacos , Sistema de Sinalização das MAP Quinases/efeitos dos fármacos , Arginina/química , Arginina/farmacologia , Oxirredução/efeitos dos fármacos , Diferenciação Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/química , Escherichia coli/efeitos dos fármacos , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Staphylococcus aureus/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/química , Adesivos/química , Adesivos/farmacologia

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In recent years, a wide variety of high-performance and versatile nanofiber membranes have been successfully created using different electrospinning methods. As vehicles for medication, they have been receiving more attention because of their exceptional antibacterial characteristics and ability to heal wounds, resulting in improved drug delivery and release. This quality makes them an appealing choice for treating various skin conditions like wounds, fungal infections, skin discoloration disorders, dermatitis, and skin cancer. This article offers comprehensive information on the electrospinning procedure, the categorization of nanofiber membranes, and their use in dermatology. Additionally, it delves into successful case studies, showcasing the utilization of nanofiber membranes in the field of skin diseases to promote their substantial advancement.

Assuntos

Sistemas de Liberação de Medicamentos , Nanofibras , Nanofibras/química , Humanos , Dermatopatias/tratamento farmacológico , Membranas Artificiais , Dermatologia/métodos

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Liver disease is a global health problem that affects the well-being of tens of thousands of people. Dihydroquercetin (DHQ) is a flavonoid compound derived from various plants. Furthermore, DHQ has shown excellent activity in the prevention and treatment of liver injury, such as the inhibition of hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation after administration, the normalization of oxidative indices (like SOD, GSH) in this tissue, and the down-regulation of pro-inflammatory molecules (such as IL-6 and TNF-α). DHQ also exerts its therapeutic effects by affecting molecular pathways such as NF-κB and Nrf2. This paper discusses the latest research progress of DHQ in the treatment of various liver diseases (including viral liver injury, drug liver injury, alcoholic liver injury, non-alcoholic liver injury, fatty liver injury, and immune liver injury). It explores how to optimize the application of DHQ to improve its effectiveness in treating liver diseases, which is valuable for preparing potential therapeutic drugs for human liver diseases in conjunction with DHQ.

Assuntos

Quercetina , Quercetina/análogos & derivados , Quercetina/farmacologia , Quercetina/uso terapêutico , Quercetina/química , Humanos , Animais , Hepatopatias/tratamento farmacológico , Hepatopatias/metabolismo , Hepatopatias/prevenção & controle , Hepatopatias/patologia , Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas/tratamento farmacológico , Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas/prevenção & controle , Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas/metabolismo , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Fígado/metabolismo , Fígado/patologia , Fígado/lesões , NF-kappa B/metabolismo , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/uso terapêutico , Antioxidantes/química

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OBJECTIVE: To explore pro-oxidative state of rotator cuff tissue and expression levels of Beclin-1 and mam-malian target of rapamycin(mTOR) in patients with acute and chronic rotator cuff injury, and then analyzed relationship between rotator cuff injury and oxidative stress and autophagy. METHODS: Forty patients with rotator cuff injury were seleceted from July 2019 to December 2020, and divided into male chronic injury group, male acute injury group, female chronic injury group, and female acute injury group, 10 patients in each group. All patients were performed rotator cuff repair under arthroscopy. The sample of tendon at the rotator cuff injury site of the patient was taken during operation, and total reactive oxygen species (ROS) and superoxide dismutase(SOD) were detected by detection kit;expression of Beclin-1 and mTOR mRNA were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and Western-blot was applied to detect protein expression of Beclin-1 and p-mTOR/mTOR. RESULTS: There were no significant difference in expression of ROS, SOD, Beclin-1mRNA and mTOR mRNA between male and female chronic injury groups, and between male and female acute injury groups (P>0.05); ROS, SOD and Beclin-1mRNA in male chronic injury group were higher than those in male chronic injury group, while mTOR mRNAand protein decreased (P<0.05);ROS, SOD and Beclin-1 mRNA in female chronic injury group were up-regulated compared with female acute injury group, while mTOR mRNA was down-regulated (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Chronic rotator cuff injury is more likely to stimulate the pro-oxidation state of rotator cuff tissue than acute rotator cuff injury, which could up-regulating expression of autophagy factor Beclin-1 and down-regulating expression of mTOR. Therefore, patients with chronic rotator cuff injury may have higher levels of oxidative stress and autophagy.

Assuntos

Lesões do Manguito Rotador , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Proteína Beclina-1/genética , Proteína Beclina-1/metabolismo , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Manguito Rotador/cirurgia , Lesões do Manguito Rotador/cirurgia , Superóxido Dismutase/metabolismo , Serina-Treonina Quinases TOR/genética , Serina-Treonina Quinases TOR/metabolismo

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Background: With the development of arthroscopic technology and equipment, arthroscopy can effectively repair the tear of the subscapular muscle. However, it is difficult to expose the subscapular muscle and operate it under a microscope. In this study, the SwiveLock® C external row anchor under arthroscopy was applied to repair the tear of the subscapular muscle in a single row, which is relatively easy to operate with reliable suture and fixation, and its efficacy was evaluated. Purpose: This study aimed to assess the clinical efficacy and the tendon integrity of patients who had subscapularis tears by adopting the single-row repair technique with a SwiveLock® C external row anchor. Methods: Patients who had the subscapular muscle tear either with or without retraction were included, and their follow-up time was at least 1 year. The degree of tendon injury was examined by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and confirmed by arthroscopy. The tendon was repaired in an arthroscopic manner by utilizing the single-row technique at the medial margin of the lesser tuberosity. One double-loaded suture SwiveLock® C anchor was applied to achieve a strong fixation between the footprint and tendon. The range of motion, pain visual simulation score, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, and Constant score of shoulder joint were evaluated for each patient before the operation, 3 months after the operation, and at least 1 year after the operation. Results: In total, 110 patients, including 31 males and 79 females, with an average age of 68.28 ± 8.73 years were included. Arthroscopic repair of the subscapular tendon with SwiveLock® C external anchor can effectively improve the range of motion of the shoulder joint. At the last follow-up, the forward flexion of the shoulder joint increased from 88.97 ± 26.33° to 138.38 ± 26.48° (P < 0.05), the abduction range increased from 88.86 ± 25.27° to 137.78 ± 25.64° (P < 0.05), the external rotation range increased from 46.37 ± 14.48° to 66.49 ± 14.15° (P < 0.05), and the internal rotation range increased from 40.03 ± 9.01° to 57.55 ± 7.43° (P < 0.05). The clinical effect is obvious. The constant shoulder joint score increased from 40.14 ± 15.07 to 81.75 ± 11.00 (P < 0.05), the ASES score increased from 37.88 ± 13.24 to 82.01 ± 9.65 (P < 0.05), and the visual analog scale score decreased from 5.05 ± 2.11 to 1.01 ± 0.85 (P < 0.05). In the 6th month after the operation, two cases (1.81%) were confirmed to have re-tears via MRI. Conclusion: In this study, we repaired the subscapularis muscle with a single-row technique fixed by SwiveLock® C anchor and FiberWire® sutures and evaluated its efficacy. The results showed that the clinical effect of single-row arthroscopic repair was satisfactory and that reliable tendon healing could be achieved.

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Objective To investigate the effect of H2O2-induced oxidative stress on autophagy and apoptosis of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs). Methods hBMSCs were isolated and cultured. The cells were divided into control group, 3-MA group, H2O2 group, H2O2 combined with 3-MA group. DCFH-DA staining was used to analyze the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS). hBMSCs were treated with 0, 50, 100, 200, 400 µmol/L H2O2, and then the cell viability was detected by CCK-8 assay. The level of autophagy was detected by monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining and LysoTracker Red staining. The cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of beclin 1, mTOR, phosphorylated mTOR (p-mTOR), cleaved caspase-3(c-caspase-3) and caspase-3 proteins. Results Compared with the control group and 3-MA group, ROS level and autophagosomes were increased and the proliferation and apoptosis were decreased in H2O2 group. The protein expression of beclin 1, mTOR, c-caspase-3 was up-regulated, while the p-mTOR was down-regulated. Compared with the 3-MA group, the H2O2 combined with 3-MA group also had an increased ROS level and autophagosomes, but not with significantly increased apoptosis rate; The protein expression of beclin 1, mTOR, c-caspase-3 was up-regulated, and the p-mTOR was down-regulated. Conclusion H2O2 can induce hMSCs to trigger oxidative stress response. It enhances the autophagy and inhibits the proliferation and apoptosis of hBMSCs.

Assuntos

Peróxido de Hidrogênio , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais , Humanos , Proteína Beclina-1/metabolismo , Caspase 3/metabolismo , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/farmacologia , Apoptose , Serina-Treonina Quinases TOR/metabolismo , Estresse Oxidativo , Autofagia , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais/metabolismo , Proliferação de Células

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Natural polysaccharides are macromolecular substances with a wide range of biological activities. The structural modification of polysaccharides by chemical means can enhance their biological activity. This paper reviews the latest research reports on the chemical modification of natural polysaccharides. At present, the modification methods of polysaccharides mainly include sulfation, phosphorylation, carboxymethylation, socialization, methylation and acetylation. The chemical and physical structures of the modified polysaccharides were detected via ultraviolet spectroscopy, FT-IR, high-performance liquid chromatography, ultraviolet spectroscopy, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance and scanning electron microscopy. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that the modified polysaccharide has various biological activities, such as antioxidant, antitumor, immune regulation, antiviral, antibacterial and anticoagulant functions in vitro. This review provides fresh ideas for the research and application of polysaccharide structure modification.

Assuntos

Antioxidantes , Polissacarídeos , Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier , Polissacarídeos/farmacologia , Polissacarídeos/química , Antioxidantes/química , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Fosforilação

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis (OP) is a condition featured by bone mass loss and bone tissue microarchitectural alterations due to impaired tissue homeostasis favoring excessive bone resorption versus deposition. The trigger of such an impairment and the downstream molecular pathways involved are yet to be clarified. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) plays a role in gene transcription, protein expression and epigenetic regulation; and altered expression results in immune or metabolism related desease development. To determine whether lncRNAs are involved in osteoporosis, we analyzed the expression profile of lncRNAs and mRNAs in osteoporosis. METHOD: Three pairs of osteoporosis patients (OP group) and healthy people controls (NC group) were screened by microarray. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to confirm dysregulated lncRNA expressions in 5 pairs of OP and NC group tissues samples. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were performed to construct the lncRNA-mRNA co-expression network. RESULT: Through co-expression analysis, differently expressed transcripts were divided into modules, and lncRNAs were functionally annotated. We further analyzed the clinical significance of crucial lncRNAs from modules in public data. Finally, the expression of five lncRNAs, CUST_44695_PI430048170-GeneSymbol:CTA-384D8.35;CUST_39447_PI430048170,CUST_73298_PI430048170,CUST_108340_PI430048170,CUST_118927_PI430048170,this four lncRNAs have not been annotation genes and have not found GeneSymbols, and by quantitative RT-PCR, which may be associated with osteoporosis patients' overall survival. CONCLUSION: Analysis of this study revealed that dysregulated lncRNAs and mRNAs in osteoporosis patients and health people controls could affect the immune or metabolism system and musculoskeletal cell differentiation. The biological functions of those lncRNAs need to be further validated.