RESUMO
O objetivo deste estudo foi revisar os resultados a respeito da relação entre a fadiga, o desempenho esportivo e a incidência de lesões no futebol, bem como verificar, nos estudos citados, os protocolos de teste de fadiga mais utilizados nesse esporte. Para isso, foram selecionadas as bases de dados SCOPUS, PubMed, Journals Ovid, Web of Science e BMJ e as palavras-chave: soccer and isokinetic, soccer and fatigue test, soccer and fatigue and isokinetic e soccer and injury. Os estudos incluídos nesta revisão foram selecionados pelo título contendo as palavras-chave e pela leitura do resumo, verificando se havia uma relação entre o futebol, os testes de avaliação de fadiga, o desequilíbrio muscular e a lesão em jogadores profissionais. A literatura apresenta diversos protocolos de avaliação isocinética da fadiga em jogadores profissionais de futebol. Embora não exista um consenso sobre qual é o melhor protocolo de avaliação, o índice de fadiga é um importante parâmetro a ser determinado. Além disso, as razões musculares, sobretudo a razão funcional, permitem inferências sobre o equilíbrio muscular e a propensão ao desenvolvimento de lesões relacionadas à articulação do joelho em jogadores de futebol.
The aim of this study was to review the results of the relation between fatigue with the performance and incidence of injuries in soccer, as well as to check in the mentioned studies the fatigue test protocols in this sport. For this, were selected SCOPUS, PubMed, Journals Ovid, Web of Science e BMJ databases, and the keywords soccer and isokinetic, soccer and fatigue test, soccer and fatigue and isokinetic, soccer and injury. The studies included in this study were selected by the title containing the keywords and by reading the abstract, then checking if there was a relation between soccer, evaluation of fatigue in professional players, muscle imbalance and injury. The literature presents several protocols for the assessment of fatigue in professional soccer players. Although there is no consensus on what is the best protocol for evaluation, the fatigue index is an important parameter to be determined. Furthermore, the muscle ratios, especially the functional ratio, allow inferences about muscle balance and the propensity to develop related injuries to the knee joint in soccer players.
El objetivo de este estudio fue revisar los resultados sobre la relación entre la fatiga con el rendimiento y la incidencia de lesiones en fútbol, así como verificar en los estudios citados, los protocolos de ensayo de fatiga en este deporte. Para eso, se seleccionaron las bases de datos SCOPUS, PubMed, Journals Ovid, Web of Science e BMJ y las palabras clave soccer and isokinetic, soccer and fatigue test, soccer and fatigue and isokinetic, soccer and injury. Los estudios incluidos en este estudio fueron seleccionados por el título conteniendo las palabras clave y mediante la lectura del resumen, verificando se trataba de la relación entre el fútbol, la evaluación de la fatiga en jugadores profesionales, el desequilibrio muscular y la lesión. La literatura presenta varios protocolos para la evaluación de la fatiga en los jugadores de fútbol. Aunque no hay consenso sobre cuál es el mejor protocolo para la evaluación, el índice de fatiga es un parámetro importante que se determine. Además, las razones musculares, sobre todo la razón funcional, permite inferencias sobre el equilibrio muscular y la propensión a desarrollar lesiones relacionadas con la articulación de la rodilla en atletas.
RESUMO
OBJETIVO: Verificar a influência das atividades lúdicas realizadas durante o pré-operatório sobre a ansiedade de crianças participantes do projeto de recreação terapêutica desenvolvido no Centro Cirúrgico Ambulatorial (CCA) do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre (RS). MÉTODOS: Para a realização do estudo, foi aplicada a Escala de Ansiedade Pré-operatória de Yale modificada (modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale, mYPAS) em 50 crianças de 5 a 12 anos submetidas a procedimentos médicos no CCA. As crianças foram divididas em dois grupos: grupo recreação (participou de intervenções lúdicas na sala de recreação) e grupo controle (não participou de intervenções lúdicas). A ansiedade foi mensurada através da escala mYPAS em dois momentos: logo que os indivíduos chegaram ao CCA (minuto 0) e 15 minutos após a primeira medida. RESULTADOS: Os resultados mostraram que, logo ao entrar no CCA, os pacientes não apresentaram diferenças significativas com relação à ansiedade, sendo os valores elevados. No entanto, após 15 minutos de espera ou intervenção, as crianças do grupo recreação diminuíram a ansiedade, e as do grupo controle permaneceram ansiosas. CONCLUSÕES: Durante o período pré-operatório, crianças que participam de atividades lúdicas na sala de recreação diminuem a sua ansiedade em comparação àquelas que somente ficam na sala de espera pelo menos durante 15 minutos.
OBJECTIVE: To verify the influence of playful activities during the preoperative period on the anxiety of children participating in the therapeutic recreation project conducted at the outpatient surgical center of Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil. METHODS: The modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale (mYPAS) was administered to 50 children between 5 and 12 years of age undergoing medical procedures at the outpatient surgical center. The children were divided in two groups: recreation group (individuals who participated in playful interventions in the recreation room) and control group (individuals who did not participate in playful interventions). Anxiety was measured using the mYPAS at two different moments: soon after the individuals arrived at the outpatient surgical center (minute 0) and 15 minutes after the first measurement. RESULTS: The results showed that soon after arriving at the outpatient surgical center, the patients did not have significant differences regarding anxiety, showing high values. However, after 15 minutes waiting or undergoing intervention, the children in the recreation group had reduced anxiety levels and those in the control group remained anxious. CONCLUSIONS: During the preoperative period, children who participate in playful activities in the recreation room have their anxiety reduced in comparison with those that only stay in the preoperative holding area for at least 15 minutes.
Assuntos
Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Ambulatórios/psicologia , Ansiedade/prevenção & controle , Jogos e Brinquedos/psicologia , Cuidados Pré-Operatórios/métodos , Ansiedade/psicologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Cuidados Pré-Operatórios/psicologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To verify the influence of playful activities during the preoperative period on the anxiety of children participating in the therapeutic recreation project conducted at the outpatient surgical center of Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil. METHODS: The modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale (mYPAS) was administered to 50 children between 5 and 12 years of age undergoing medical procedures at the outpatient surgical center. The children were divided in two groups: recreation group (individuals who participated in playful interventions in the recreation room) and control group (individuals who did not participate in playful interventions). Anxiety was measured using the mYPAS at two different moments: soon after the individuals arrived at the outpatient surgical center (minute 0) and 15 minutes after the first measurement. RESULTS: The results showed that soon after arriving at the outpatient surgical center, the patients did not have significant differences regarding anxiety, showing high values. However, after 15 minutes waiting or undergoing intervention, the children in the recreation group had reduced anxiety levels and those in the control group remained anxious. CONCLUSIONS: During the preoperative period, children who participate in playful activities in the recreation room have their anxiety reduced in comparison with those that only stay in the preoperative holding area for at least 15 minutes.