RESUMO
Sugarcane borers are economically damaging insects with species that vary in distribution patterns both geographically and temporally, and vary based on ecological niche. Currently, identification of sugarcane borers is mostly based on morphological characters. However, morphological identification requires taxonomic expertise. An alternative method to identify sugarcane borers is the use of molecular data. DNA barcoding based on partial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) sequences has proven to be a useful tool for rapid and accurate species determination in many insect taxa. This study was conducted to test the effectiveness of DNA barcodes to discriminate among sugarcane borer species in China. Partial sequences of the COI gene (709 bp) were obtained from six species collected from different geographic areas. Results showed that the pairwise intraspecies genetic distance was < 0.02, whereas the interspecies genetic distance ranged from 0.117 to 0.182. Results from a neighbor-joining tree showed that the six sugarcane borer species were certainly separated. These results suggested that the partial COI sequences had high barcoding resolution in discriminating among sugarcane borer species. Our study emphasized the use of DNA barcodes for identification of the analyzed sugarcane borer species and represents an important step for building a comprehensive barcode library for sugarcane borers in China.
Assuntos
Código de Barras de DNA Taxonômico , Lepidópteros/classificação , Filogenia , Saccharum , Animais , China , DNA Mitocondrial/genética , HerbivoriaRESUMO
We selected six tagged single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the interleukin 17A (IL-17A) and IL-17F genes, and evaluated the relationship between the six common SNPs and environmental factors in cervical cancer patients. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to detect the IL-17A (rs2275913, rs3748067, and rs3819025) and IL-17F (rs763780, rs9382084, and rs1266828) SNPs. The associations between IL-17A and IL-17F gene polymorphisms and risk of cervical cancer were estimated by conditional logistic regression. Compared with the control subjects, the cervical cancer patients had a lower age at first live birth, a habit of smoking, a family history of cancer, and a greater incidence of human papillomavirus-16 or 18 infections. The logistic regression analysis showed that the variant AA genotype of rs2275913 was associated with a significantly higher risk of cervical cancer than the wild-type GG genotype (OR = 1.99, 95%CI = 1.12-3.50). However, no evidence of the association was observed between rs3748067, rs3819025, rs763780, rs9382084, and rs1266828 polymorphisms and the risk of cervical cancer. We suggest that rs2275913 may play a role in the etiology of cervical cancer. These findings could be helpful in identifying individuals at increased risk of developing cervical cancer.
Assuntos
Interleucina-17/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único/genética , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/genética , China , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
Children bitten by venomous snakes comprise emergency cases that present high morbidity and mortality, especially in some regions of Asia and Africa. Reports on clinical features and management of envenomated children are scarce. This observational study implemented a protocol for antivenom use in pediatric snakebite victims in Taiwan, between 1994 and 2007. The present work investigated demographics, clinical features and effects of antivenom therapy and the complications and prognosis for snakebites. A total of 55 children and adolescents, with a median age of 9.9 years (ranging from 2 to 18 years), was identified. Forty-five patients (82 percent) were bitten between May and September. Thirty-five patients (64 percent) received antivenom therapy, 28 of them (80 percent) within two hours after being bitten. No fatalities occurred and only five of 35 patients (14 percent) had major morbidity when treated according to the protocol. Thirty-one snakes (56 percent) were identified and 12 of them (38 percent) were Naja atra. This study indicates that a protocol for children affected by snakebites is valuable for guiding emergency physicians to treat these patients immediately. Further strategies are required to reduce the morbidity rate that occurs as a result of Naja atra bite.(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Criança , Mordeduras de Serpentes , Antivenenos , Naja naja , Estratégias de Saúde , Relatório de PesquisaRESUMO
Children bitten by venomous snakes comprise emergency cases that present high morbidity and mortality, especially in some regions of Asia and Africa. Reports on clinical features and management of envenomated children are scarce. This observational study implemented a protocol for antivenom use in pediatric snakebite victims in Taiwan, between 1994 and 2007. The present work investigated demographics, clinical features and effects of antivenom therapy and the complications and prognosis for snakebites. A total of 55 children and adolescents, with a median age of 9.9 years (ranging from 2 to 18 years), was identified. Forty-five patients (82 percent) were bitten between May and September. Thirty-five patients (64 percent) received antivenom therapy, 28 of them (80 percent) within two hours after being bitten. No fatalities occurred and only five of 35 patients (14 percent) had major morbidity when treated according to the protocol. Thirty-one snakes (56 percent) were identified and 12 of them (38 percent) were Naja atra. This study indicates that a protocol for children affected by snakebites is valuable for guiding emergency physicians to treat these patients immediately. Further strategies are required to reduce the morbidity rate that occurs as a result of Naja atra bite.(AU)