RESUMO
Resumo Desde a primeira descrição da tetralogia de Fallot (ToF) em 1671 por Niels Stensen e em 1888 por Étienne-Louis Arthur Fallot, vários trabalhos relataram essa anomalia juntamente com suas variantes e anomalias cardiovasculares concomitantes. A artéria subclávia direita aberrante (ASDA) é a anomalia do arco aórtico mais comum. Diferentemente da artéria subclávia esquerda aberrante, a ocorrência de ASDA em pacientes com ToF só foi relatada casuisticamente. Apresentamos dois pacientes de ToF com ASDA. É importante notar que o conhecimento da coexistência das duas anomalias tem pontos muito práticos durante correções endovasculares ou cirúrgicas de defeitos cardíacos congênitos (inclusive ToF).
Abstract Since the first description of Tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) in 1671 by Niels Stensen and in 1888 by Étienne-Louis Arthur Fallot, numerous papers have reported on this anomaly, along with its variants and concomitant cardiovascular anomalies. Aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA) is the most common anomaly of the aortic arch. Different from the left aberrant subclavian artery, occurrence of ARSA in ToF-patients has only casuistically been reported so far. The present study reports on two ToF-patients with ARSA. It is important to note that knowledge of the coexistence of both anomalies has highly practical points during surgical or endovascular corrections of congenital heart defects (including ToF).
RESUMO
Since the first description of Tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) in 1671 by Niels Stensen and in 1888 by Étienne-Louis Arthur Fallot, numerous papers have reported on this anomaly, along with its variants and concomitant cardiovascular anomalies. Aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA) is the most common anomaly of the aortic arch. Different from the left aberrant subclavian artery, occurrence of ARSA in ToF-patients has only casuistically been reported so far. The present study reports on two ToF-patients with ARSA. It is important to note that knowledge of the coexistence of both anomalies has highly practical points during surgical or endovascular corrections of congenital heart defects (including ToF).
Desde a primeira descrição da tetralogia de Fallot (ToF) em 1671 por Niels Stensen e em 1888 por Étienne-Louis Arthur Fallot, vários trabalhos relataram essa anomalia juntamente com suas variantes e anomalias cardiovasculares concomitantes. A artéria subclávia direita aberrante (ASDA) é a anomalia do arco aórtico mais comum. Diferentemente da artéria subclávia esquerda aberrante, a ocorrência de ASDA em pacientes com ToF só foi relatada casuisticamente. Apresentamos dois pacientes de ToF com ASDA. É importante notar que o conhecimento da coexistência das duas anomalias tem pontos muito práticos durante correções endovasculares ou cirúrgicas de defeitos cardíacos congênitos (inclusive ToF).
Assuntos
Cardiopatias Congênitas , Tetralogia de Fallot , Aorta Torácica/anormalidades , Anormalidades Cardiovasculares , Humanos , Artéria Subclávia/anormalidades , Artéria Subclávia/diagnóstico por imagem , Tetralogia de Fallot/complicações , Tetralogia de Fallot/diagnóstico por imagem , Tetralogia de Fallot/cirurgiaRESUMO
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of dietary supplementation with ß-hydroxy-ß-methylbutyric acid (HMB) on live weight loss and selected blood parameters in goat kids after transportation to the slaughterhouse. The study was performed with goat kids that were weaned at 30 days of age and divided into two groups (GK): a control group and an experimental group whose diet was supplemented with HMB (at 50 mg kg−1 of BW) for 60 consecutive days. At the end of the 90-day rearing period, the animals were fasted for 12 h (with access to water) and were transported to the slaughterhouse in the following morning. Blood for analysis was sampled before transportation (BST1) and after unloading in the slaughterhouse (BST2). The animals were weighed on the same dates to determine live weight loss. Red blood cell counts (RBC), white blood cell counts (WBC), hemoglobin concentration (HGB), hematocrit (HCT), neutrophil to lymphocyte (N:L) ratio, and cortisol and glucose concentrations were determined in the sampled blood. The experimental goat kids were characterized by lower weight loss after transportation. Group of kids and BST did not induce variations in RBC, WBC, HGB, and HCT. Cortisol concentration was affected by both GK and BST. Cortisol levels increased after transportation in both groups, but this parameter was significantly higher in the control than in experimental animals at BST2. Glucose levels and the N:L ratio did not differ significantly between GK, but glucose concentration and the N:L ratio were higher at BST2 than at BST1 in both groups. The experimental goat kids were characterized by lower weight loss and lower cortisol concentration after transportation, which could point to the efficacy of HMB in boosting immunity and alleviating transportation stress in goat kids.(AU)