RESUMO
In vivo treatment of mice with peripheral benzodiazepine receptor ligands exerts an inhibitory effect on the inflammatory response in two models of acute inflammation. In the first model, pretreatment of the animals (24 h) with 1-(2-chlorophenyl)-N-methyl-N(1-methylpropyl)-3-isoquinoline carboxamide (PK11195) and 7-chloro-5-(4-Chlorophenyl)-1, 3-dihydro-1-methyl-2-H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2 (Ro5-4864), at different doses (0.00001-10 mg/kg, i.p.) dose dependently inhibited the formation of mouse paw oedema induced by carrageenan with mean ID(50s) of 0.009 (95% confidence limits=0.0076-0.013) and 0.04 (95% confidence limits=0.025-0.0086) mg/kg, respectively. Both ligands (0. 1 mg/kg, i.p.) inhibited in the same way the mouse paw oedema induced by carrageenan in animals with and without adrenal glands. PK11195 and Ro5-4864 (0.1 mg/kg, i.p.) inhibited the mouse paw oedema induced by several inflammatory mediators. In the second model, the pretreatment (24 h) with peripheral benzodiazepine receptor ligands (0.1 mg/kg, i.p.) exerted an inhibitory effect on neutrophil influx and produce a marked inhibition of carrageenan-produced interleukin-13 and interleukin-6 in pleural exudation. Our results extend previous findings that peripheral benzodiazepine receptor is involved in the inflammatory response, and suggest that this action may be linked to the action of different inflammatory mediators, probably mainly by the inhibition of the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Benzodiazepinonas/farmacologia , Hipolipemiantes/farmacologia , Isoquinolinas/farmacologia , Receptores de GABA-A/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios/uso terapêutico , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Inflamação/induzido quimicamente , Inflamação/tratamento farmacológico , Interleucina-13/metabolismo , Interleucina-6/metabolismo , Masculino , Camundongos , Receptores de GABA-A/metabolismoRESUMO
Two polypeptides from the venom of Polybia scutellaris were purified to homogeneity by RP-HPLC. They differ very slightly in mol. wt (both are about 23,000) and hydrophobicity, and have isoelectric points greater than 9. Amino acid analyzes show close similarity between them and with antigen 5 of vespids from different species. The two polypeptides have an identical N-terminal sequence (18 amino acids) which shows a high degree of homology with those of other vespids. Owing to the fact that the venom of this species is non-allergenic, the data for the mol. wt, isoelectric point, amino acid composition and N-terminal sequence allow us to identify the isolated polypeptides as two forms of antigen 5. Amino acids at positions 5 and 11 in P. scutellaris antigen 5 differ from those of the previously known sequences for antigen 5, suggesting that one or other might be responsible for the lack of allergenicity of the P. scutellaris venom.
Assuntos
Antígenos/análise , Antígenos/isolamento & purificação , Venenos de Artrópodes/química , Venenos de Artrópodes/isolamento & purificação , Alérgenos/isolamento & purificação , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Aminoácidos/análise , Animais , Venenos de Artrópodes/análise , Dados de Sequência MolecularRESUMO
El número de adolescentes y sus tasas de mortalidad se han incrementado en las últimas décadas. Para enfrentar este incremento se deben planear actividades basadas en el comportamiento de la morbilidad y mortalidad. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue analizar el nivel, las tendencias y los grupos de causas de mortalidad en los adolescentes en México de 1980 a 1990. Se calcularon las tasas de mortalidad por grupo de edad, sexo, grupo de causas y entidad federativa, se realizó un análisis de tendencia comparativa entre los diferentes grupos establecidos y se elaboró una regionalización del país según el nivel de mortalidad. Se observó una tendencia ascendente de la mortalidad en los adolescentes generada básicamente por el incremento en las mujeres de 10 a 14 años. La mortalidad para el sexo masculino es mayor en ambos grupos de edad, pero las diferencias con el sexo femenino se han estrechado. El grupo de causas más frecuentes fue el de traumatismo y envenenamientos; sin embargo, llama la atención el incremento del grupo de enfermedades infecciosas y parasitarias entre los adolescentes de 10 a 14 años. También se ha incrementado en forma importante el grupo de anomalías congénitas, probablemente por mejor diagnóstico y mayor sobrevida. La mortalidad materna en los adolescentes se incrementó en el grupo de 10 a 14 años. Las entidades de Querétaro, Guanajuato, Puebla y Tlaxcala tuvieron un nivel alto de mortalidad e incremento mayores al 30 por ciento durante la última década. La mortalidad en los adolescentes es un problema de salud que debe atenderse en forma prioritaria, ya que estas muertes son prematuras y evitables en una alta proporción
Assuntos
Adolescente , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , México/epidemiologia , Processos EstocásticosRESUMO
Insulin A and B chains from pancreas of the turtle Chrysemys dorbigni have been purified to homogeneity, and their primary structures have been determined. The sequence of the A chain is G-I-V-E-Q-C-C-H-N-T-C-S-L-Y-Q-L-E-N-Y-C-N, and that of the B chain is A-A-N-Q-H-L-C-G-S-H-L-V-E-A-L-Y-L-V-C-G-E-R-G-F-F-Y-S-P-K-A. The amino acid sequence of Chrysemys insulin is identical to that of another turtle (Pseudemys scripta), the chicken, and turkey. When compared with alligator insulin, it has three conservative substitutions in the B chain. However, there are seven substitutions when compared with the insulin of the rattlesnake.
Assuntos
Insulina/genética , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Animais , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Cromatografia por Troca Iônica , Eletroforese em Gel de Poliacrilamida , Feminino , Insulina/isolamento & purificação , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Pâncreas/metabolismo , Homologia de Sequência do Ácido Nucleico , TartarugasRESUMO
Monoclonal antibodies (MAb) to human GH (hGH) were used to correlate the antigenic topography of the hormone with its structure. Competition experiments performed in a solid phase RIA system allowed us to measure the reactivity toward the MAb of the following hGH derivatives: hGH 20K (a natural variant lacking residues 32-46), hGH selectively modified in His or Met residues, hGH with the C and/or N-terminal disulfide bond reduced and carbamidomethylated, and hGH cleaved between residues 142-143. Results indicated that fragment 32-46 participates in the structure of epitopes EB1/EB3 and that the C-terminal bridge is located in epitope 10D6, whereas opening of both disulfide bridges alters the entire hGH antigenic surface. His-151 and Met-170 were placed in epitopes NA71 and AC8, respectively, whereas His-18 and Met-14 would be involved in the hGH antigenic domain formed by overlapping epitopes 3C11, 10C1, and HG3. MAb AE5, AE12, and AC3 define a flexible hGH region related to sequence 134-150; the respective epitopes show high conformational mobility induced by modifications in other regions of the molecule. Binding of the different hGH derivatives to lactogenic receptors from female rat liver gave some insights on the localization of the hormone-binding site. Epitopes EB1/EB3 and 10D6 were discarded because there was not a direct correlation between their drastic immunological alterations and the binding properties of the respective hGH derivatives. In the same way, epitopes AE5, AE12, and AC3 were excluded from the hGH-binding domain because a disruption in those sites did not affect the hGH interaction with receptors. We conclude that the hGH structure defined by epitopes 3C11, 10C1, and HG3 is probably related to the binding properties of the hormone.
Assuntos
Antígenos , Hormônio do Crescimento/imunologia , Receptores de Peptídeos , Compostos de Tosil , Animais , Anticorpos Monoclonais , Antígenos/imunologia , Ligação Competitiva , Fenômenos Químicos , Química , Cloraminas , Dietil Pirocarbonato , Epitopos/imunologia , Feminino , Humanos , Microssomos Hepáticos/metabolismo , Estrutura Molecular , Fragmentos de Peptídeos/imunologia , Ratos , Receptores de Superfície Celular/metabolismoRESUMO
125I-labeled human growth hormone (125I-labeled.hGH) was prepared by using two variants of the chloramine T labelling procedure and purified by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) of the reaction mixture. Variant A produced a tracer with high specific activity (100 +/- 10 microCi/microgram), high maximal binding capacity to antibodies (93%) and long-term stability (at least 150 days at -20 degrees C). No diiodinated tyrosil residues could be detected in this tracer. Variant B was devised to obtain higher yields of labeled hormone. The electrophoresis of the iodination mixture revealed two radioactive components with Rm values of 0.49 and 0.55 which result from the iodination of hGH variants preexisting in the starting material. Both tracers had similar specific activities (70 +/- 10 microCi/microgram), high maximal binding capacity to antibodies or receptors (80-100%, after 80 days of their obtention) and high stability (at least 100 days at -20 degrees C). It is concluded that the iododerivatives of hGH obtained by either method are adequate to perform radioimmunoassay and receptor studies and have long-term stability.
Assuntos
Hormônio do Crescimento/isolamento & purificação , Compostos de Tosil , Cloraminas , Di-Iodotirosina/análise , Estabilidade de Medicamentos , Eletroforese em Gel de Poliacrilamida , Hormônio do Crescimento/metabolismo , Humanos , Técnicas In Vitro , Radioisótopos do Iodo , Monoiodotirosina/análise , Radioimunoensaio , Ensaio RadioliganteRESUMO
The production of a protein insoluble at low temperature ("cryoprotein"), by cultures of Clostridium botulinum type G has been shown to be a metabolic characteristic also shared by C. botulinum type C and by C. subterminale. These new cryoproteins have been purified and some of their chemical and immunological properties studied. It was found that both proteins were chemically very similar among themselves and to the cryoprotein isolated from C. botulinum type G. All these proteins are formed by a single polypeptide chain of approximately Mr = 180,000, with closely related amino acid compositions, isoelectric points and do not contain either free cysteine or disulfide bridges. Homologous and heterologous radioimmunoassays established the existence of an antigenic similitude among the cryoproteins from C. botulinum type G and C. subterminale thus becoming the first purified antigens which relate both bacterial species. If the production of cryoproteins can be shown to be a generalized phenomenon within the genus Clostridium these substances would provide an important tool to examine immunological and genetical relatedness between strains in this bacterial group.
Assuntos
Antígenos de Bactérias/análise , Proteínas de Bactérias , Clostridium botulinum/metabolismo , Clostridium/metabolismo , Crioglobulinas/biossíntese , Aminoácidos/análise , Antígenos de Bactérias/biossíntese , Antígenos de Bactérias/imunologia , Cromatografia em Gel , Clostridium/classificação , Clostridium/imunologia , Clostridium botulinum/classificação , Clostridium botulinum/imunologia , Reações Cruzadas , Crioglobulinas/imunologia , Eletroforese em Gel de Poliacrilamida , Testes de Neutralização , Radioimunoensaio , SolubilidadeRESUMO
Con el fin de evaluar cambios secuenciales en la función ventricular sistólica mediante la fracción de ejección (FE) y de la función ventricular diastólica a través del pico de llenado rápido (PLLR) (normal > 2,50 CFD/seg), se estudiaron 17 pacientes (pts) con infarto agudo de miocardio de cara anterior con un estetoscopio nuclear. Utilizando el Radiocardiograma Isotópico con cuatro diferentes posiciones se dividió a los pts en 2 grupos (G): Aquellos con aneurisma ventricular (5 pts) (G1) y los que tan sólo presentaban anormalidades de contracción segmentaria (12 pts) (g2). Todos los estudios fueron realizados en pts sin infarto previo, dentro de las 48 horas de iniciado el dolor y repetidos nuevamente antes del alta hospitalaria. La FE del G1 fue de 38ñ12% y de 37ñ12% en el 1§ y 2§ estudios respectivamente (p:NS). El PLLR del G1 fue de 2,79ñ0,72 CFD/seg en el 1er estudio y del 1,90ñ0,72 CFD/seg en el 2§ (p < 0,05). En el G2 fue de 1,87ñ0,61 CFD/seg y de 2,08ñ0,88 CFD/seg, sucesivamente (p:NS). La diferencia entre G1 y G2 durante el 1er estudio fue significativa (p < 0,05). Por lo tanto, los ventrículos aneurismáticos presentaron una función ventricular diastólica más cercana a la normal durante las primeras horas del infarto, disminuyendo ésta durante el período de convalescencia, a pesar de no haber habido cambios en la FE. Los pacientes sin aneurisma ventricular no presentaron cambios significativos
Assuntos
Humanos , Diástole , Aneurisma Cardíaco/fisiopatologia , Ventrículos do Coração , Infarto do Miocárdio/fisiopatologia , Volume Sistólico , Aneurisma Cardíaco/complicações , Ventrículos do Coração/fisiopatologia , Infarto do Miocárdio/complicações , Angiografia CintilográficaRESUMO
Con el fin de evaluar cambios secuenciales en la función ventricular sistólica mediante la fracción de ejección (FE) y de la función ventricular diastólica a través del pico de llenado rápido (PLLR) (normal > 2,50 CFD/seg), se estudiaron 17 pacientes (pts) con infarto agudo de miocardio de cara anterior con un estetoscopio nuclear. Utilizando el Radiocardiograma Isotópico con cuatro diferentes posiciones se dividió a los pts en 2 grupos (G): Aquellos con aneurisma ventricular (5 pts) (G1) y los que tan sólo presentaban anormalidades de contracción segmentaria (12 pts) (g2). Todos los estudios fueron realizados en pts sin infarto previo, dentro de las 48 horas de iniciado el dolor y repetidos nuevamente antes del alta hospitalaria. La FE del G1 fue de 38ñ12% y de 37ñ12% en el 1º y 2º estudios respectivamente (p:NS). El PLLR del G1 fue de 2,79ñ0,72 CFD/seg en el 1er estudio y del 1,90ñ0,72 CFD/seg en el 2º (p < 0,05). En el G2 fue de 1,87ñ0,61 CFD/seg y de 2,08ñ0,88 CFD/seg, sucesivamente (p:NS). La diferencia entre G1 y G2 durante el 1er estudio fue significativa (p < 0,05). Por lo tanto, los ventrículos aneurismáticos presentaron una función ventricular diastólica más cercana a la normal durante las primeras horas del infarto, disminuyendo ésta durante el período de convalescencia, a pesar de no haber habido cambios en la FE. Los pacientes sin aneurisma ventricular no presentaron cambios significativos (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Infarto do Miocárdio/fisiopatologia , Diástole , Volume Sistólico , Aneurisma Cardíaco/fisiopatologia , Ventrículos do Coração/diagnóstico por imagem , Ventrículos do Coração/fisiopatologia , Angiografia Cintilográfica , Infarto do Miocárdio/complicações , Aneurisma Cardíaco/complicaçõesRESUMO
The suitability of several monoclonal antibodies for specific radioimmunoassay of serum human growth hormone was tested. Sera from pregnant women with high human chorionic somatomammotropin levels were used. From both theoretical and experimental considerations, some specifications were recommended in order to select appropriate monoclonal antibodies for clinical determinations.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Monoclonais/imunologia , Hormônio do Crescimento/análise , Soros Imunes/imunologia , Lactogênio Placentário/imunologia , Reações Cruzadas , Feminino , Humanos , Gravidez , RadioimunoensaioAssuntos
Gravidez , Humanos , Feminino , Anticorpos Monoclonais , Hormônio do Crescimento , Soros Imunes , Lactogênio PlacentárioRESUMO
The suitability of several monoclonal antibodies for specific radioimmunoassay of serum human growth hormone was tested. Sera from pregnant women with high human chorionic somatomammotropin levels were used. From both theoretical and experimental considerations, some specifications were recommended in order to select appropriate monoclonal antibodies for clinical determinations.