RESUMO

Objective: The muscle quality index (MQI) is associated with numerous health outcomes in adults; however, the effects of distinct MQI on functional capacity in obese older women have not yet been fully investigated. Thus, we investigated the contribution of different muscle quality indices on TUG performance prediction in obese older women. We secondarily evaluated the association between MQI, aerobic capacity performance (Treadmill performance and 6-minute walk test), and obesity indices (BMI, body fat percentage, and neck, waist, and hip circumference). Methods: Participants included 64 obese older women (mean age 67.05 ± 5.46 years, body fat ≥ 35%). General anthropometric, health history, body composition, treadmill exercise, and functional test (Time up and go) measures were collected. A hydraulic dynamometer was used to assess muscle strength, and Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) to identify body fat percentage. The field MQI was defined as the highest reading divided by the subject's body mass index (BMI), while the laboratory MQI was obtained by the ratio of grip strength to the entire arm muscle in kilograms measured by DXA. A hierarchical multiple regression was performed to predict TUG-test performance. Results: An increase in field MQI of one unit is associated with a decrease of 2.59 seconds in the TUG test (ß = -0.540; p = 0.004). There was no association between laboratory MQI and TUG performance (ß = 0.067; p = 0.712). Furthermore, field MQI displays a positive correlation (p < 0.05) with aerobic capacity performance (6-minute walk test and peak O2 consumption) and a negative correlation (p < 0.05) with diverse obesity indices (neck and waist circumference, body fat, and BMI). Conclusion: MQI displayed an important prediction with TUG-test, a positive correlation with aerobic capacity, and a negative correlation with obesity indices.

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RESUMO

Several types of cognitive interventions have been performed with elderly individuals to verify physical and quality of life benefits. The objective of this study was to verify if the cognitive gains found in two cognitive intervention programs are related to changes in the mood, quality of life and physical fitness variables (maximum oxygen consumption, lean mass, fat percentage and handgrip strength). A total of 39 elderly women from the Distrito Federal (Brazil), participating in a cognitive training group based on mnemonic strategies and a group of cognitive stimulation based on perceptual and attention exercises. Both groups showed a tendency to reduce depressive symptoms, an increase in their fat mass and a decrease in their lean mass. Taken together, these findings may contribute to identify the directionality of mnemonic interventions in Brazilian elderly individuals regarding the subjective and physical performance variables.

Diversos tipos de intervenções cognitivas têm sido realizados com idosos para a verificação de ganhos físicos e de qualidade de vida. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar se ganhos cognitivos apresentados em dois programas de intervenção cognitiva estão relacionados a alterações de humor, qualidade de vida e aptidão física (consumo máximo de oxigênio, massa magra, percentual de gordura e força de preensão palmar) em idosas. Foram avaliadas 39 mulheres idosas do Distrito Federal (Brasil), divididas em dois grupos: um que realizou treino cognitivo baseado em estratégias mnemônicas; e outro, de estimulação cognitiva baseada em exercícios perceptuais e de atenção. Ambos os grupos apresentaram tendência a reduzir os sintomas depressivos e obtiveram aumento de massa gorda e diminuição de massa magra. Em conjunto, esses achados podem contribuir para identificar a direcionalidade das intervenções mnemônicas em idosos brasileiros sobre as variáveis subjetivas e de desempenho físico.

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