RESUMO
Brazilian poultry production is growing, mainly due to the cost and benefit that chicken meat provides. The importance of free-range chickens and the susceptibility, to which they are exposed, makes it necessary to know about gastrointestinal parasites and the consequences that large infections can cause for them as such as weight loss. The present study aimed to determine the occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites in free-range hens raised in an extensive regime in the municipality of Santa Rita, state of Maranhão, Brazil. The studied population was composed of adult chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) acquired from slaughterhouses in the region. The gastrointestinal organs of each chicken were separated and subsequently conditioned in flasks containing Railliet and Henrys solution and sent to the laboratory, to be analyzed and processed. Of the 100 chickens examined, 227 specimens of helminthes were identified, with a frequency of 32.6% for nematodes and 67.4% for cestodes. Among the nematode the following parasites were identified: Ascaridia galli (27.03%); Heterakis gallinarum (48.65%) and Subulura spp. (24, 32%). Raillietina echinobothrida (100%) was the only cestoda identified. The average infection rate by species of parasite was 1.18 for A. galli, 2.22 for H. gallinarum, 1.06 for Subulura spp. and 9.00 for R. echinobothrida. It is concluded that free-range chickens are parasitized by nematodes and cestoda.
Assuntos
Animais , Galinhas/anatomia & histologia , Galinhas/parasitologia , Trato Gastrointestinal/parasitologiaRESUMO
Brazilian poultry production is growing, mainly due to the cost and benefit that chicken meat provides. The importance of free-range chickens and the susceptibility, to which they are exposed, makes it necessary to know about gastrointestinal parasites and the consequences that large infections can cause for them as such as weight loss. The present study aimed to determine the occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites in free-range hens raised in an extensive regime in the municipality of Santa Rita, state of Maranhão, Brazil. The studied population was composed of adult chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) acquired from slaughterhouses in the region. The gastrointestinal organs of each chicken were separated and subsequently conditioned in flasks containing Railliet and Henrys solution and sent to the laboratory, to be analyzed and processed. Of the 100 chickens examined, 227 specimens of helminthes were identified, with a frequency of 32.6% for nematodes and 67.4% for cestodes. Among the nematode the following parasites were identified: Ascaridia galli (27.03%); Heterakis gallinarum (48.65%) and Subulura spp. (24, 32%). Raillietina echinobothrida (100%) was the only cestoda identified. The average infection rate by species of parasite was 1.18 for A. galli, 2.22 for H. gallinarum, 1.06 for Subulura spp. and 9.00 for R. echinobothrida. It is concluded that free-range chickens are parasitized by nematodes and cestoda.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Trato Gastrointestinal/parasitologia , Galinhas/anatomia & histologia , Galinhas/parasitologiaRESUMO
After a retrospective study of the chronologic series from 1987 to 1993, 707 clinical records were evaluated, concerning to 10 per cent of the dogs attended in a Veterinary Hospital located in the area of the Metropolitan Region of Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Variables such as age and sex were analyzed and a populational pyramid for the species was elaborated. In the demographic structure, it was observed a major concentration of young aninmals; 70.29 per cent of the dogs were aged below 49 months. The canine populational pyramid showed a wide form in the base, represented by young animals, and a marked decrease of the other categories, being similar to that observed in other countries
Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Demografia , Zonas MetropolitanasRESUMO
Calf mortality in Minas Gerais, Brazil, from 1960 to 1985 was analised. District was used as a primary unit of study, grouped in homogenous micro and mesoregions. Mortality rate tended to be estable in the 25 years studied. It is discussed the determination of the epidemiological profile by the economic conditions, and organization livestock production
Assuntos
Animais , /história , BovinosRESUMO
Foram observadas variaçöes hematológicas em cinco bezerros da raça Holandesa e cinco mestiços infectados com suspensäo de 20.000 cercárias de S. mansoni, por via transcutânea. Durante 10 semanas após a infecçäo, amostras de sangue foram colhidas semanalmente, pela punçäo da jugular, e realizado o hemograma. Com exceçäo da contagem de hemácias, näo se observou diferença significativa nos parâmetros hematológicos, nos dois grupos, durante o período estudado. Entretanto, quando se comparam tais grupos, observou-se diferença significativa entre eles, sendo que os bezerros holandeses apresentaram os menores valores para as variáveis estudadas sinalizando maior susceptibilidade para o parasita
Assuntos
Animais , Bovinos , Hematologia , Schistosoma mansoniRESUMO
Em estudo aberto, nao comparativo, envolvendo quatro centros, 116 criancas e adolescentes portadores de infecoes cutaneas foram avaliados. Destes 68 eram do sexo masculino e 48 do sexo feminino, com idades entre 21 a 15 anos. O tratamento consistiu da administracao de bactroban creme (mupirocina,2 por cento) tres vezes ao dia, por um periodo nao menor que 5 dias .Impetigo foi o diagnostico mais comum em infecoes primarias enquanto escoriacao infectada foi mais prevalente em infeccoes secundarias de pele. O germe mais frequente foi Staphylococcus aureus. A duracao media do tratamento foi de 7,35 dias,ocorrendo cura do processo infeccioso em 106 pacientes (91,38 por cento) melhora em 9 pacientes (7,76 por cento) e insucesso em apenas 1 paciente (0,86 por cento). Os resultados confirmam ser o bactroban creme (mupirocina,2 por cento)um excelente antibiotico topico para o tratamento de infeccoes cutaneas em crianca e adolescentes.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Mupirocina/uso terapêutico , Infecções Cutâneas Estafilocócicas/terapiaRESUMO
To treat chronic abdominal pain in a child is a difficult task either in a therapeutic or diagnostic point of view, by the variety of its several causes, displays and evolution. It is important not only to the clinician lent also to the child's family to try to identify the possible organic and psychic etiologies; in the organic causes there are frequently gastrointestinal and genitourinary reasons, but there are many dysfunctional mechanisms that shall not be forgotten. The author believes is useful, for a better understanding, to apply Levine and Rappaport's model, that indicates four primary intervening forces of the abdominal pain; 1. predisposition, dysfunction or somatic illness; 2. habits and life style; 3. personality and learned behavior's the necessity of a deep comprehension in the relationship between term case, sometimes frustrating.
Assuntos
Dor Abdominal/etiologia , Dor Abdominal/diagnóstico , Dor Abdominal/terapia , Criança , Suscetibilidade a Doenças , Feminino , Humanos , Estilo de Vida , Masculino , Transtornos Psicofisiológicos/psicologiaRESUMO
O estudo de 4.703 recem-nascidos da Unidade Neonatal do Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, no periodo de julho de 1979 a dezembro de 1980, revelou uma maior incidencia de ictericia nos nascimentos por cesarea, nao havendo diferenca estatisticamente significativa na incidencia de ictericia entre os recem-nascidos a termo, prematuros e com desnutricao intra-uterina. Nao se evidenciou a importancia de processos patologicos neonatais (disturbios respiratorios, metabolicos e infecciosos) como fatores responsaveis por uma maior incidencia de ictericia nesse periodo de vida