RESUMO
Although preoxygenation has been extensively studied, to our knowledge this is the first study addressing its optimal length in children, who form a high risk group for developing hypoxaemia during induction of anaesthesia. Recommended preoxygenation times in children range between 1 and 4 min, but whether one of these times maintains arterial oxygen saturation (Sao2) at an adequate level for a longer time period is unknown. This study was performed on 11 healthy children, randomly distributed into either Group 1 (1 min of preoxygenation, n = 6) or Group 2 (3 min of preoxygenation, n = 5). Sao2 was measured by pulse oximetry. While the patients were breathing room air, Sao2 was similar in both groups (97%) and rose to 100% after preoxygenation in all patients. After intravenous induction of anaesthesia and muscle relaxation, all patients became apnoeic. The time taken for the Sao2 to decrease to 90% was measured. In Group 1 this occurred in 91 s, whereas Group 2 required 144 s. Thus, a 3-min rather than a 1-min period of preoxygenation would appear to maintain Sao2 at a safe level for a longer time in children.
Assuntos
Oxigênio/administração & dosagem , Pediatria , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Oxigênio/sangue , Fatores de TempoAssuntos
Ressuscitação/métodos , Bicarbonatos/uso terapêutico , Tosilato de Bretílio/uso terapêutico , Gluconato de Cálcio/uso terapêutico , Cardioversão Elétrica , Epinefrina/uso terapêutico , Massagem Cardíaca , Humanos , Hipóxia Encefálica/prevenção & controle , Respiração Artificial , Bicarbonato de SódioRESUMO
A parada cardiaca constitui emergencia comum na pratica medica, que geralmente se apresenta de modo subito e inesperado. Atendida com prontidao por equipe bem treinada, e condicao potencialmente reversivel. Por outro lado, se a circulacao nao for restabelecida em poucos minutos, a lesao trabalho e apresentar uma revisao sobre a tecnica de reanimacao cardiopulmonar, incluindo alguns aspectos mais recentes e controvertidos, como a tecnica de compressao cardiaca externa, os niveis adequados de energia para a desfibrilacao eletrica, o emprego de novas drogas antiarritmicas e o tratamento das alteracoes neurologicas pos-isquemicas