RESUMO

The mapará (Hypophthalmus marginatus) is a commercially important fish in the Brazilian Amazon and has been described as a host for numerous myxosporid species. The integrated taxonomy of a new species, Myxobolus mickeyii n. sp., discovered in the urinary bladder of H. marginatus, is undertaken in this study. In 105 specimens of H. marginatus, plasmodia and myxospores were observed in the urinary bladder fluid, the myxospores measuring 20.5 (19.6-21.3) µm in length and 14.0 (13.2-14.9) µm in width. The posterior valves of the spore body were thick, with valvulogenic nuclei, endoplasmic reticulum, and the presence of secretory vesicles. Two elliptical, rounded appendages attached to the valve, containing tubular filaments. The two polar capsules, symmetry, measuring 6.1 (5.9-6.3) µm in length and 4.4 (3.6-6.2) µm in width, with polar tubules of 3 to 5 turns. Phylogenetic analyses of the small subunit ribosomal RNA gene (SSU rDNA) sequencing revealed that M. mickeyii n. sp. is part of a Myxobolidae family clade with freshwater fish of the Siluriformes order, with a genetic distance of 19% to the nearest species. This work contributes to the wide diversity of myxozoans in this host, as other taxa have previously been reported infecting different tissues.

Assuntos

RESUMO

This study investigated the spatial distribution, parasite interactions, and affinities of Branchiura parasites according to macrohabitat and surface type on fish from the Araguari River, Amapá State, in the Brazilian Amazon. This study presents novel information on the interactions of branchiuran species with host fish, and how the morphology of their attachment structures is associated with different host surface morphologies, with and without scales. A total of 558 fish specimens of 26 species were collected, of which 109 fish (10 species) were parasitized by at least one branchiuran parasite; these were selected for further study. The parasites were collected from the buccal cavity, gills, fins, and integument of the host fish. Parasites with suction discs (Argulus) were mainly associated to hosts with small scales and no scales, while parasites with hooks (Dolops) were mainly associated to hosts with large scales. Overall, parasites with suction discs were more specialized per site than those with hooks.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Myxozoans are obligatory parasites and can be found in various organs and bloodstreams of fish, thus, the objective of this work was to describe the occurrence of Myxobolus spp. in the circulating blood of Metynnis lippincottianus from River Curiaú, Macapá City, eastern Amazon, Brazil. The samples of M. lippincottianus (11) were caught using cast net and gillnets. The fish blood was collected by puncturing the caudal vessel, using needles and syringes containing 10% of EDTA solution. Blood smear were prepared and panchromatic stained with a combination of May Grunwald-Giemsa-Wright, for observation and examination of the parasitic structures in optical microscope. Tissues from the kidney was examined using specific stereoscopic binoculars to check for the presence of cysts, lesions and parasites. The prevalence of Myxobolus spp. infecting the circulating blood of the fish was 36.36% (4/11) and 15 spores of mixosporyds were visualized. Myxobolus spp. had a prevalence of 54.55% (6/11) in host's kidney tissue and the morphometric spores data converge with observed in the blood. The morphological characteristics of the spores in the blood samples revealed two morphotypes of Myxobolus spp. This is the sixth occurrence recorded of Myxobolus spp. infecting fish blood in Brazil.

Assuntos

RESUMO

PURPOSE: This study investigated the anthelmintic efficacy of therapeutic baths with the essential oil of Piper marginatum Jacq against the monogeneans Anacanthorus spathulatus Kritsky, Thatcher & Kayton, 1979, Notozothecium janauachensis Belmont-Jégu, Domingues & Laterça 2004, Mymarothecium boegeri Cohen & Kohn, 2005 and Linguadactyloides brinkmanni Thatcher & Krytsky, 1983 in Colossoma macropomum Cuvier, 1818, and its hematological and histopathological effects on this fish. METHODS: Short six therapeutic baths with 100 mg/L of the essential oil of P. marginatum and two control groups (water from the cultivation tank and water from the cultivation tank + 70% alcohol) were used for 20 min every two days. RESULTS: The therapeutic baths with 100 mg/L of the essential oil of P. marginatum had efficacy of 42.8% against monogeneans of C. macropomum gills. Toxicity was low for C. macropomum, because there were few physiological and histopathological changes that did not compromise the functioning of the gills of this fish. CONCLUSION: Short therapeutic baths with 100 mg/L of the essential oil of P. marginatum had low efficacy for controlling monogeneans in C. macropomum and thus cannot be recommended.

Assuntos

RESUMO

This study investigated for the first time the effectiveness of therapeutic baths with essential oil (EO) of Piper hispidum against monogeneans Anacanthorus spathulatus, Notozothecium janauachensis, Mymarothecium boegeri and Linguadactyloides brinkmanni from the gills of Colossoma macropomum, as well as the hematological and histological effects on this fish. In therapeutic baths, 100 mg/L of P. hispidum essential oil and two control groups (water from the culture tank and water from the culture tank with 70% alcohol) were exposed for 1 h/day, with intervals of 48 hours for 3 days, and three replicates each were used. Therapeutic baths with 100 mg/L of P. hispidum essential oil had an efficacy of 78.6% against monogeneans. The toxicity of this essential oil was low, since there were a few physiological and histopathological changes that did not compromise the functioning of the gills of the fish. Therefore, 100 mg/L of P. hispidum essential oil was effective for controlling monogeneans in C. macropomum, when short therapeutic baths were used without compromising the health of the exposed fish.

Assuntos

RESUMO

This study evaluated the efficacy of therapeutic baths with Carapa guianensis (andiroba) oil against monogeneans of Colossoma macropomum (tambaqui), as well as the hematological and histological effects on fish. Among the fatty acids identified in C. guianensis oil, oleic acid (53.4%) and palmitic acid (28.7%) were the major compounds, and four limonoids were also identified. Therapeutic baths of 1 hour were performed for five consecutive days, and there was no fish mortality in any of the treatments. Therapeutic baths using 500 mg/L of C. guianensis oil had an anthelmintic efficacy of 91.4% against monogeneans. There was increase of total plasma protein and glucose, number of erythrocytes, thrombocytes, leukocytes, lymphocytes and number of monocytes and decrease in mean corpuscular volume. Histological changes such as epithelium detachment, hyperplasia, lamellar fusion and aneurysm were found in the gills of tambaqui from all treatments, including controls with water of culture tank and water of culture tank plus iso-propyl alcohol. Therapeutic baths with 500 mg/L of C. guianensis oil showed high efficacy and caused few physiological changes capable of compromising fish gill function. Results indicate that C. guianensis oil has an anthelmintic potential for control and treatment of infections by monogeneans in tambaqui.

Assuntos

RESUMO

This study evaluated the efficacy of therapeutic baths with Carapa guianensis (andiroba) oil against monogeneans of Colossoma macropomum (tambaqui), as well as the hematological and histological effects on fish. Among the fatty acids identified in C. guianensis oil, oleic acid (53.4%) and palmitic acid (28.7%) were the major compounds, and four limonoids were also identified. Therapeutic baths of 1 hour were performed for five consecutive days, and there was no fish mortality in any of the treatments. Therapeutic baths using 500 mg/L of C. guianensis oil had an anthelmintic efficacy of 91.4% against monogeneans. There was increase of total plasma protein and glucose, number of erythrocytes, thrombocytes, leukocytes, lymphocytes and number of monocytes and decrease in mean corpuscular volume. Histological changes such as epithelium detachment, hyperplasia, lamellar fusion and aneurysm were found in the gills of tambaqui from all treatments, including controls with water of culture tank and water of culture tank plus iso-propyl alcohol. Therapeutic baths with 500 mg/L of C. guianensis oil showed high efficacy and caused few physiological changes capable of compromising fish gill function. Results indicate that C. guianensis oil has an anthelmintic potential for control and treatment of infections by monogeneans in tambaqui.(AU)

Avaliou-se a eficácia de banhos terapêuticos com óleo de Carapa guianensis (andiroba) contra monogenéticos de Colossoma macropomum (tambaqui), bem como os efeitos hematológicos e histológicos. Dentre os ácidos graxos identificados no óleo de C. guianensis, ácido oleico (53,4%) e ácido palmítico (28,7%) foram os compostos majoritários, e quatro limonoides também foram identificados. Banhos terapêuticos de 1 hora foram realizados por cinco dias consecutivos, não havendo mortalidade de peixes em nenhum dos tratamentos. Banhos terapêuticos, com 500 mg/L de óleo de C. guianensis, apresentaram eficácia de 91,4% contra monogenéticos. Houve aumento dos níveis plasmáticos de proteína total e glicose, número de eritrócitos, trombócitos, leucócitos, linfócitos e número de monócitos e diminuição do volume corpuscular médio. Alterações histológicas, como descolamento do epitélio, hiperplasia, fusão lamelar e aneurisma, foram encontradas nas brânquias de tambaqui de todos os tratamentos, incluindo os controles com água do tanque de cultivo e água do tanque de cultivo + álcool isopropílico. Banhos terapêuticos com 500 mg/L de óleo de C. guianensis mostraram alta eficácia e causaram poucas alterações fisiológicas capazes de comprometer a função branquial dos peixes. Esses resultados indicam que o óleo de C. guianensis apresenta potencial anti-helmíntico para controle e tratamento de infecções causadas por monogenéticos em tambaqui.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

PURPOSE: The class Myxozoa consists of microscopic spores that typically present uniform morphological simplifications, containing one or two sporoplasms surrounded by valve cells. The present study analysed the morphological and phylogenetic characteristics of what proved to be a new species of Ceratomyxa found in the gallbladder of Mesonauta festivus Heckel, 1840 captured on the Piririm River in the municipality of Macapá, in Amapá state, Brazil. METHODS: The fish were collected in gillnets, and were transported alive to Amapá State University in Macapá for the analysis of the organs. Crescent- or arch-shaped free spores were observed under light microscopy, containing two polar capsules and a suture line, which is typical of the morphology of the genus Ceratomyxa, contained within plasmodia that had snake-like movements. The gallbladder was conserved in 80% alcohol for the analysis of the 18S rDNA gene, and in Davidson solution for standardhistology. RESULTS: Ceratomyxa spores (n = 20) were observed in 11 of the 50 samplesanalysed, and thus had a prevalence of 22%, and had a mean length of 4.2 ± 0.5 µm, mean thickness of 22.75 ± 0.3 µm, and two polar capsules, 1.86 ± 0.3 µm long and 1.63 ± 0.1 µm thick. CONCLUSIONS: The phylogenetic analysis indicated that the new species forms a cluster with other freshwater Amazonian Ceratomyxa species, described previously. The new species represents the first description of a taxon of the genus Ceratomyxain fish from the Brazilian state of Amapá.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The present study describes a new species of the genus Sphaerospora found in the urinary bladder of the flag cichlid, Mesonauta festivus collected in Corre Água district of the municipality of Macapá, Amapá State (Brazil). The study includes morphological and phylogenetic analyses of the new parasite, to determine the relationship of the new species with related myxosporean species. The new species has polysporous plasmodia, which vary in size and shape. The mature myxospores are subspherical shape in valvar view. In the sutural view, the myxospores are 5.3±0.2 (5.2-5.6) µm in length and 7.0±0.7 (6.3-7.7) µm in width, with two piriform polar capsules equal size, 2.5±0.2 (2.3-2.8) µm in length and 1.8±0.2 (1.6-2.0) µm in width. The phylogenetic analyses of a partial sequence of the 18S rRNA gene confirmed the status of the new species and determined the relationship of the new species and related myxosporean species.The sum of the evidence indicates that, Sphaerospora festivus n. sp. belongs to the family Sphaerosporidae, and is the first record of the genus Sphaerospora from Brazil.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The present study describes a new coelozoic, eukaryotic microparasite of the genus Ellipsomyxa Køie, 2003 (Ceratomyxidae: Myxozoa) found parasitizing the gallbladder of Satanoperca jurupari Heckel, 1840 collected in the Curiaú River Environmental Protection Area in Macapá, Amapá state, Brazil. The fish were collected using mesh cast net. The gallbladders were examined, preserved in 80% alcohol for molecular analysis (SSU rDNA gene), and fixed in Davidson for histological slide preparation. The new parasite had a prevalence of 81% in the gallbladder, asymmetric plasmodia, irregular free spores in the bladder fluid, with no cyst formation. The spores are elliptical, with characteristics of the genus Ellipsomyxa, and they had a mean length of 10.11 (8.56-10.5) µm, mean width of 7.81 (5.96-9.56) µm, and thick walls. The polar capsules are sub-spherical in shape, slightly asymmetrical, with a mean length of 3.12 (2.31-3.99) µm and mean width of 2.5 (2.22-2.95) µm, containing polar filament with five or six coils perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the capsule. The Bayesian Inference assigned the new species to a subclade formed by a lineage of Ellipsomyxa species from the Amazon region. Ellipsomyxa tucujuensis n. sp. is the sixth species of this genus described in fish from the Amazon region, and the first for the state of Amapá.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Monogeneans are ectoparasites of fish with a global distribution. In farmed fish, high infestations may result in morbidity and mortality. This study investigated the histopathological effects of three species of monogeneans Anacanthorus spathulatus, Notozothecium janauachensis and Mymarothecium boegeri on the gills of farmed Colossoma macropomum. Parasitological indices revealed a prevalence of 100%, and a mean abundance of 81.3 ± 11.8. This infection caused displacement of the gill epithelium, focal hyperplasia of epithelial cells, lamellar fusion, congestion and shortening of the secondary lamellae of gills, in addition a complete fusion of the secondary lamellae. However, these tissue alterations were reversible and punctually located lesions, which may not compromise the normal functioning of gills. Lastly, this study showed the potential damages caused by parasite monogeneans to gills of infested fish, thus sanitary management is essential for the growth of fish farm of C. macropomum.(AU)

Monogeneas são ectoparasitas de peixes com distribuição global. Em peixes de viveiro, altas infestações podem resultar em morbidade e mortalidade. Este estudo investigou os efeitos histopatológicos dos monogeneas Anacanthorus spathulatus, Notozothecium janauachensis e Mymarothecium boegeri. Os índices parasitológicos revelaram uma prevalência de 100% e uma abundância média de 81,3 ± 11,8. Essa infecção causou deslocamento do epitélio branquial, hiperplasia focal das células epiteliais, fusão lamelar, congestão e encurtamento das lamelas secundárias das brânquias, além de uma fusão completa das lamelas secundárias. Porém, essas alterações teciduais são lesões reversíveis e pontuais, que podem não comprometer o funcionamento normal das brânquias. Esses resultados mostram potencial danos de monogeneas nas brânquias dos peixes infestados, assim o manejo sanitário é essencial para o crescimento da piscicultura de C. macropomum.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

The present study describes a new species of the genus Sphaerospora found in the urinary bladder of the flag cichlid, Mesonauta festivus collected in Corre Água district of the municipality of Macapá, Amapá State (Brazil). The study includes morphological and phylogenetic analyses of the new parasite, to determine the relationship of the new species with related myxosporean species. The new species has polysporous plasmodia, which vary in size and shape. The mature myxospores are subspherical shape in valvar view. In the sutural view, the myxospores are 5.3±0.2 (5.2-5.6) μm in length and 7.0±0.7 (6.3-7.7) μm in width, with two piriform polar capsules equal size, 2.5±0.2 (2.3-2.8) μm in length and 1.8±0.2 (1.6-2.0) μm in width. The phylogenetic analyses of a partial sequence of the 18S rRNA gene confirmed the status of the new species and determined the relationship of the new species and related myxosporean species.The sum of the evidence indicates that, Sphaerospora festivus n. sp. belongs to the family Sphaerosporidae, and is the first record of the genus Sphaerospora from Brazil.(AU)

O presente estudo tem como objetivo descrever uma nova espécie de Sphaerospora encontrado na bexiga urinária de Mesonauta festivus, coletado no distrito Corre Água, no município de Macapá, estado do Amapá (Brasil). Foram realizadas análises morfométricas e filogenéticas, nas quais se avaliou a relação entre as espécies de mixosporídeos já descritas. A nova espécie possui plasmódio poliespórico, que varia em tamanho e forma. Os esporos maduros são subesféricos. Na visão sutural, apresentam 5,3 ± 0,2 (5,2-5,6) μm de comprimento e 7,0 ± 0,7 (6,3-7,7) μm de largura, com duas cápsulas polares piriformes de tamanhos iguais, 2,5 ± 0,2 (2,3-2,8) μm de comprimento e 1,8 ± 0,2 (1,6-2,0) μm de largura. As análises filogenéticas das sequências parciais do gene 18S rDNA confirmam ser uma nova espécie e determinou a relação desta com outros myxozoários já relatados. Conclui-se que a espécie em estudo pertence à família Sphaerosporidae, gênero Sphaerospora, e nova espécie, Sphaerospora festivus n. sp. e primeira ocorrência de parasitos desse gênero no Brasil.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Monogeneans are ectoparasites of fish with a global distribution. In farmed fish, high infestations may result in morbidity and mortality. This study investigated the histopathological effects of three species of monogeneans Anacanthorus spathulatus, Notozothecium janauachensis and Mymarothecium boegeri on the gills of farmed Colossoma macropomum. Parasitological indices revealed a prevalence of 100%, and a mean abundance of 81.3 ± 11.8. This infection caused displacement of the gill epithelium, focal hyperplasia of epithelial cells, lamellar fusion, congestion and shortening of the secondary lamellae of gills, in addition a complete fusion of the secondary lamellae. However, these tissue alterations were reversible and punctually located lesions, which may not compromise the normal functioning of gills. Lastly, this study showed the potential damages caused by parasite monogeneans to gills of infested fish, thus sanitary management is essential for the growth of fish farm of C. macropomum.

Monogeneas são ectoparasitas de peixes com distribuição global. Em peixes de viveiro, altas infestações podem resultar em morbidade e mortalidade. Este estudo investigou os efeitos histopatológicos dos monogeneas Anacanthorus spathulatus, Notozothecium janauachensis e Mymarothecium boegeri. Os índices parasitológicos revelaram uma prevalência de 100% e uma abundância média de 81,3 ± 11,8. Essa infecção causou deslocamento do epitélio branquial, hiperplasia focal das células epiteliais, fusão lamelar, congestão e encurtamento das lamelas secundárias das brânquias, além de uma fusão completa das lamelas secundárias. Porém, essas alterações teciduais são lesões reversíveis e pontuais, que podem não comprometer o funcionamento normal das brânquias. Esses resultados mostram potencial danos de monogeneas nas brânquias dos peixes infestados, assim o manejo sanitário é essencial para o crescimento da piscicultura de C. macropomum.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Abstract The present study describes a new species of the genus Sphaerospora found in the urinary bladder of the flag cichlid, Mesonauta festivus collected in Corre Água district of the municipality of Macapá, Amapá State (Brazil). The study includes morphological and phylogenetic analyses of the new parasite, to determine the relationship of the new species with related myxosporean species. The new species has polysporous plasmodia, which vary in size and shape. The mature myxospores are subspherical shape in valvar view. In the sutural view, the myxospores are 5.3±0.2 (5.2-5.6) μm in length and 7.0±0.7 (6.3-7.7) μm in width, with two piriform polar capsules equal size, 2.5±0.2 (2.3-2.8) μm in length and 1.8±0.2 (1.6-2.0) μm in width. The phylogenetic analyses of a partial sequence of the 18S rRNA gene confirmed the status of the new species and determined the relationship of the new species and related myxosporean species.The sum of the evidence indicates that, Sphaerospora festivus n. sp. belongs to the family Sphaerosporidae, and is the first record of the genus Sphaerospora from Brazil.

Resumo O presente estudo tem como objetivo descrever uma nova espécie de Sphaerospora encontrado na bexiga urinária de Mesonauta festivus, coletado no distrito Corre Água, no município de Macapá, estado do Amapá (Brasil). Foram realizadas análises morfométricas e filogenéticas, nas quais se avaliou a relação entre as espécies de mixosporídeos já descritas. A nova espécie possui plasmódio poliespórico, que varia em tamanho e forma. Os esporos maduros são subesféricos. Na visão sutural, apresentam 5,3 ± 0,2 (5,2-5,6) μm de comprimento e 7,0 ± 0,7 (6,3-7,7) μm de largura, com duas cápsulas polares piriformes de tamanhos iguais, 2,5 ± 0,2 (2,3-2,8) μm de comprimento e 1,8 ± 0,2 (1,6-2,0) μm de largura. As análises filogenéticas das sequências parciais do gene 18S rDNA confirmam ser uma nova espécie e determinou a relação desta com outros myxozoários já relatados. Conclui-se que a espécie em estudo pertence à família Sphaerosporidae, gênero Sphaerospora, e nova espécie, Sphaerospora festivus n. sp. e primeira ocorrência de parasitos desse gênero no Brasil.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Infection of fish gills by Henneguya causes greater contact between the secondary gill lamellae, thereby giving rise to decreased absorption surface area at the end of the filaments. This ectoparasite can cause damages on the gills infected fish. In the present study, fresh gills of Metynnis lippincottianus were analyzed using optical microscopy techniques. The myxoporean Henneguya sp. was found to be infecting 80% of the gills of this host fish. Presence of this parasite caused hyperplasia and fusion of the gill lamellae, but without inflammation in the parasitized organ.

Assuntos

RESUMO

This study describes Henneguya sacacaensis n. sp. in specimens of the Osteichthyes Satanoperca jurupari (Heckel, 1840), collected in the Rio Curiaú Environmental Protection Area in the city of Macapá, state of Amapá Brazil. Using optical microscopy and molecular analysis, these cyst-shaped parasites were analyzed. The gills of 57.14% of the analyzed S. jurupari contained hundreds of spores. The cysts found on the gill lamellae were oval-shaped and whitish. The Henneguya spores had an average length of 46.5 (41.3-56.92) µm. The fusiform body of the Henneguya measured 16.5 (13.16-20.01) µm long and 5.1 (3.91-6.12) µm in width, the two polar capsules had a taper of 3.83 (3.4-4.32) µm and a width of 1.68 (1.4-1.99) µm, and the tail measured 30 (22.47-41.67) µm in length, containing a polar filament coiled seven to nine times. Morphogical and phylogenetic analysis allowed the preposition of a new species, Henneguya sacacaensis n. sp, that belongs to the family Myxobolidae and the genus Henneguya.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Fish are among the vertebrate groups most susceptible to parasitic infections due to environmental characteristics that can favor the development of parasites; also, position of the host in food web has been associated with the parasitism. The aim of this study was to investigate the ecology of parasites endohelminth in Metynnis lippincottianus from the Curiaú River, in eastern Amazon (Brazil), as well as to evaluate the parasite-host interactions. From 110 specimens of M. lippincottianus examined, 76.3% were infected by one or more parasite species, and a total of 146 parasites such as Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) inopinatus (Nematoda), larvae of Contracaecum sp. (Nematoda) and Neoechinorhynchus pterodoridis (Acanthocephala) were collected in intestine. However, the dominance was of nematode species, and the parasites had uniform or random dispersion. The parasitic infracommunities showed low Shannon-Wiener diversity (0.2 ± 0.3), low evenness (0.2 ± 0.3) and low species richness of parasites (1.1 ± 0.8). The abundance of Contracaecum sp. presented a weak positive correlation with the weight of hosts, and relative condition factor was not affected by the parasitism. This first study about parasites of M. lippincottianus from Curiaí River basin is the first report of N. pterodoridis for this host.(AU)

Os peixes estão entre os grupos de vertebrados mais suscetíveis as infecções parasitárias devido as características ambientais que podem favorecer o desenvolvimento de parasitos; além disso, a posição do hospedeiro na cadeia alimentar tem sido associada ao parasitismo. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a ecologia de parasitos endohelmintos em Metynnis lippincottianus do Rio Curiaú, na Amazônia oriental (Brasil), bem como avaliar as interações parasito-hospedeiro. De 110 espécimes de M. lippincottianus examinados, 76,3% estavam infectados por um ou mais espécies de parasitos, e um total de 146 parasitos como Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) inopinatus (Nematoda), larvas de Contracaecum sp. (Nematoda) e Neoechinorhynchus pterodoridis (Acanthocephala) foram coletados no intestino. No entanto, a dominância foi de espécies de nematoides, e os parasitos apresentaram dispersão uniforme ou aleatória. As infracomunidades parasitárias apresentaram baixo índice de diversidade de Shannon-Wiener (0,2 ± 0,3), baixa uniformidade (0,2 ± 0,3) e baixa riqueza de espécies (1,1 ± 0,8). A abundância de Contracaecum sp. apresentou correlação positiva fraca com o peso dos hospedeiros e o fator de condição não foi afetado pelo parasitismo. Este primeiro estudo sobre parasitos de M. lippincottianus da bacia do Rio Curiaú é o primeiro relato de N. pterodoridis para este hospedeiro.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

This study describes Henneguya sacacaensis n. sp. in specimens of the Osteichthyes Satanoperca jurupari (Heckel, 1840), collected in the Rio Curiaú Environmental Protection Area in the city of Macapá, state of Amapá Brazil. Using optical microscopy and molecular analysis, these cyst-shaped parasites were analyzed. The gills of 57.14% of the analyzed S. jurupari contained hundreds of spores. The cysts found on the gill lamellae were oval-shaped and whitish. The Henneguya spores had an average length of 46.5 (41.3-56.92) µm. The fusiform body of the Henneguya measured 16.5 (13.16-20.01) µm long and 5.1 (3.91-6.12) µm in width, the two polar capsules had a taper of 3.83 (3.4-4.32) µm and a width of 1.68 (1.4-1.99) µm, and the tail measured 30 (22.47-41.67) µm in length, containing a polar filament coiled seven to nine times. Morphogical and phylogenetic analysis allowed the preposition of a new species, Henneguya sacacaensis n. sp, that belongs to the family Myxobolidae and the genus Henneguya.(AU)

Henneguya sacacaensis n. sp. é descrito em espécimes do Osteichthyes Satanoperca jurupari (Heckel, 1840), coletados na área de Proteção Ambiental do rio Curiaú na cidade de Macapá no estado do Amapá, Brasil. Com auxílio de microscopia óptica e análises moleculares, esses parasitos foram analisados e observados nas brânquias em forma de cistos, contendo centenas de esporos e apresentaram a prevalência de 57,14%. Os cistos encontrados nas lamelas branquiais tinham formatos ovais e esbranquiçados. Seus esporos apresentaram um comprimento médio de 46,5 (41,3-56,92) µm, corpo fusiforme medindo 16,5 (13,16-20,01) µm de comprimento e 5,1 (3,91-6,12) µm de largura, suas duas cápsulas polares apresentam uma conicidade de 3,83 (3,4-4,32) µm e sua largura 1,68 µm (1,4-1,99), a cauda 30 (22,47-41,67) µm de comprimento, contento um filamento polar de 7 à 9 voltas. Análises morfológicas e filogenéticas permitiram a preposição de uma nova espécie, Henneguya sacacaensis n. sp, que pertence à família Myxobolidae e ao gênero Henneguya.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Infection of fish gills by Henneguya causes greater contact between the secondary gill lamellae, thereby giving rise to decreased absorption surface area at the end of the filaments. This ectoparasite can cause damages on the gills infected fish. In the present study, fresh gills of Metynnis lippincottianus were analyzed using optical microscopy techniques. The myxoporean Henneguya sp. was found to be infecting 80% of the gills of this host fish. Presence of this parasite caused hyperplasia and fusion of the gill lamellae, but without inflammation in the parasitized organ.(AU)

A infecção de Henneguya nas brânquias de peixes causam o maior contato entres as lamelas branquiais secundárias. Provoca diminuição da superfície de absorção na extremidade dos filamentos, podendo ocasionar danos as brânquias dos peixes infectados. Neste estudo foram analisadas a fresco e com técnicas de microscopia de luz as brânquias de Metynnis lippincottianus. Foi determinada a presença de mixosporídeos Henneguya sp. infectando 80% das brânquias dos peixes hospedeiros. A presença desse ectoparasito causou hiperplasia e fusão das lamelas branquiais, porém sem inflamação no órgão parasitado.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Fish are among the vertebrate groups most susceptible to parasitic infections due to environmental characteristics that can favor the development of parasites; also, position of the host in food web has been associated with the parasitism. The aim of this study was to investigate the ecology of parasites endohelminth in Metynnis lippincottianus from the Curiaú River, in eastern Amazon (Brazil), as well as to evaluate the parasite-host interactions. From 110 specimens of M. lippincottianus examined, 76.3% were infected by one or more parasite species, and a total of 146 parasites such as Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) inopinatus (Nematoda), larvae of Contracaecum sp. (Nematoda) and Neoechinorhynchus pterodoridis (Acanthocephala) were collected in intestine. However, the dominance was of nematode species, and the parasites had uniform or random dispersion. The parasitic infracommunities showed low Shannon-Wiener diversity (0.2 ± 0.3), low evenness (0.2 ± 0.3) and low species richness of parasites (1.1 ± 0.8). The abundance of Contracaecum sp. presented a weak positive correlation with the weight of hosts, and relative condition factor was not affected by the parasitism. This first study about parasites of M. lippincottianus from Curiaí River basin is the first report of N. pterodoridis for this host.

Os peixes estão entre os grupos de vertebrados mais suscetíveis as infecções parasitárias devido as características ambientais que podem favorecer o desenvolvimento de parasitos; além disso, a posição do hospedeiro na cadeia alimentar tem sido associada ao parasitismo. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a ecologia de parasitos endohelmintos em Metynnis lippincottianus do Rio Curiaú, na Amazônia oriental (Brasil), bem como avaliar as interações parasito-hospedeiro. De 110 espécimes de M. lippincottianus examinados, 76,3% estavam infectados por um ou mais espécies de parasitos, e um total de 146 parasitos como Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) inopinatus (Nematoda), larvas de Contracaecum sp. (Nematoda) e Neoechinorhynchus pterodoridis (Acanthocephala) foram coletados no intestino. No entanto, a dominância foi de espécies de nematoides, e os parasitos apresentaram dispersão uniforme ou aleatória. As infracomunidades parasitárias apresentaram baixo índice de diversidade de Shannon-Wiener (0,2 ± 0,3), baixa uniformidade (0,2 ± 0,3) e baixa riqueza de espécies (1,1 ± 0,8). A abundância de Contracaecum sp. apresentou correlação positiva fraca com o peso dos hospedeiros e o fator de condição não foi afetado pelo parasitismo. Este primeiro estudo sobre parasitos de M. lippincottianus da bacia do Rio Curiaú é o primeiro relato de N. pterodoridis para este hospedeiro.

Assuntos