RESUMO
The morbidity of leptospirosis among children from Ciego de Avila Province was investigated from 1982 to 1995, and 253 cases were diagnosed. Isolated cases prevailed over those occurring in outbreaks. The 10-14 age group was predominant, followed by the 5-9 age group. According to sex, it was more frequently found in males than in females. One death occurred during this period. There was an increase of cases from July to August and October, and November showed a higher incidence of cases. Fever, headache and myalgia were the symptoms and signs more frequently reported, and 92% of cases showed no icterus. Acute fever, leptospirosis and viral meningoencephalitis were the presumptive diagnoses most frequently made. Possible sources of infection involving a larger number of cases were contact with low terrains and bathing in rivers, ponds and lakes. Regarding diagnosis, 162 cases were diagnosed by the microagglutination test and 91 by the hemolytic test. Canicola, australis and pomona were the serogroups more frequently detected by the microagglutination test.
Assuntos
Leptospira interrogans serovar canicola , Leptospirose/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Distribuição por Idade , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Cuba/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Leptospirose/diagnóstico , Masculino , Morbidade/tendências , Distribuição por SexoRESUMO
Forty leptospirosis outbreaks occurred in Ciego de Avila province from 1980 to 1995. The main events involved in the outbreaks were floods, bathing in rivers and activities related to sugar cane and banana cultivation. The number of cases increased after June, with higher incidences reported in October and November. The most affected age groups were 10-14 years, 15-19 years and 30-34 years. Men were more affected than women. Students, people residing in the urban zone and farmers were the most affected groups. A total of 21 outbreaks out of 40 were confirmed by the microagglutination test and the remaining 19 by the hemolytic test. Pomona and Australis were the serogroups most frequently detected by microagglutination.
Assuntos
Surtos de Doenças , Leptospirose/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/epidemiologia , Criança , Cuba/epidemiologia , Feminino , Água Doce , Humanos , Masculino , EstudantesRESUMO
It was conducted a descriptive study of the data available at the National Statistics Division of the Ministry of Public Health on the 397 deaths caused by leptospirosis in Cuba from 1987 to 1993. Data were tabulated according to age, sex, place of residence, death date, necropsy, and occupation on dying. The years of potential life lost by the age group 0-65 were calculated. In 1993, it was observed a rough increase of the rate that reached a value of 1.03 per 100,000 inhabitants. The highest rates were registered among those over 50. The high rate attained by males determined their general behavior. The incidence of this disease rose in October, November and June. The Isle of Youth special municipality and Las Tunas were the provinces with the greatest rates. The retired were the most affected followed by the factory and agricultural workers.
Assuntos
Leptospirose/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Cuba/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Vigilância de Evento SentinelaRESUMO
Data available at the National Statistics Division of the Ministry of Public Health were studied aimed at characterizing mortality due to acute diarrheal diseases (ADD). 2,934 persons died for this reason in Cuba from 1987 to 1993. Data were tabulated according to age groups, sex, occupation, province of residence, death date and necropsy. Lost potential years of life were calculated and tests of statistical significance were applied to the differences found. It was observed that mortality due to ADD tended to increase during the last 4 years studied, and that 62% of the dead patients were retired and housewives. 16% of the total of the lost potential years of life by all infectious causes was missed due to ADD. There was a predominance of mortality in the group 65 and over. Mortality was higher among males and the most affected provinces were the eastern provinces, Camagüey and the Isle of Youth special municipality.
Assuntos
Diarreia/mortalidade , Doença Aguda , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Cuba/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
An epidemiological study on H. nana infection was carried out in Ciego de Avila province, Cuba, from 1981 to 1995. In this 15 years period 3,108,422 stool samples were examined for parasites, H. nana eggs were found in 250 (0.008%). Seasonal influence of this parasitism was not detected. There were more cases in children than in adults, with males prevailing over females. The more frequent symptoms and signs were abdominal pain, diarrhea and anorexia which relationships with food habits, dwelling characteristics, children day care center and school orchards are analyzed.
Assuntos
Himenolepíase/epidemiologia , Hymenolepis/isolamento & purificação , Adolescente , Adulto , Animais , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Cuba/epidemiologia , Fatores Epidemiológicos , Fezes/parasitologia , Feminino , Humanos , Himenolepíase/diagnóstico , Incidência , Masculino , Prevalência , Estatísticas não ParamétricasRESUMO
An epidemiological and clinical study of criptosporidiosis in children from Ciego de Avila province was carried out from 1987 to 1994. During this period 14,895 children with acute diarrhea were studied. Cryptosporidium sp. oocysts were found in the feces of 1,256 (8.4%) of them. Isolated cases prevailed over outbreaks, being the incidence rate proportional in both urban and rural areas. Seventy nine point seven per cent of infected children were less one year old, predominating the age group 6-11 months old. No influence of seasons on the occurrence of the parasitose was observed. The most frequently detected symptoms and signs were diarrhea, vomits and loss of weight. The main epidemiological factors were: 81.0% of ill children drank water directly from the aqueduct, 12.8% lived in overcrowded conditions, 11.0% had animals and 10.7% attended nursery schools.
Assuntos
Criptosporidiose/epidemiologia , Diarreia/parasitologia , Doença Aguda , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Criptosporidiose/diagnóstico , Cuba/epidemiologia , Diarreia/epidemiologia , Diarreia Infantil/parasitologia , Humanos , Incidência , Lactente , Recém-NascidoRESUMO
The data available at the National Statistics Division of the Ministry of Public Health about the 414 death caused by tuberculosis in Cuba during 1987-1993 were studied. They were tabulated by age group, sex, province of residence, month of death, and necropsy. It was observed a gradual increase of the rate from 1991 on, amunting to 7.82 per 1 million inhabitants in 1993. The years of potential life lost (3,114) were calculated. Mortality in the male sex determined the rise of the rate during that period (p < 0.05). Deaths predominated among individuals over 65 with a rate of 26.09 per 100,000 inhabitants. Most of the deaths occurred in October. The provinces with the highest mortality rates due to tuberculosis were applied to the differences found.