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Parasitic diseases, predominantly prevalent in developing countries, are increasingly spreading to high-income nations due to shifting migration patterns. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates approximately 300 million annual cases of giardiasis. The emergence of drug resistance and associated side effects necessitates urgent research to address this growing health concern. In this study, we evaluated over eleven thousand pharmacological compounds sourced from the FDA database to assess their impact on the TATA-binding protein (TBP) of the early diverging protist Giardia lamblia, which holds medical significance. We identified a selection of potential pharmacological compounds for combating this parasitic disease through in silico analysis, employing molecular modeling techniques such as homology modeling, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulations. Notably, our findings highlight compounds DB07352 and DB08399 as promising candidates for inhibiting the TBP of Giardia lamblia. Also, these compounds and DB15584 demonstrated high efficacy against trophozoites in vitro. In summary, this study identifies compounds with the potential to combat giardiasis, offering the prospect of specific therapies and providing a robust foundation for future research.

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Ecoepidemiology is an emerging field that attempts to explain how biotic, environmental, and even social factors influence the dynamics of infectious diseases. Particularly in vector-borne diseases, the study under this approach offers us an overview of the pathogens, vectors, and hosts that coexist in a given region and their ecological determinants. As a result of this, risk predictions can be established in a changing environment and how it may impact human populations. This paper is aimed at evaluating some ecoepidemiological characteristics of Chagas disease in a natural reserve in southeastern Mexico that borders human settlements. We carry out a cross-sectional study in 2022 where we search insects manually and with light traps. We set traps for small mammals and bats and conducted interviews with the inhabitants living around the study site. We identified the presence of Triatoma dimidiata and T. huehuetenanguensis species with a percentage of TcI T. cruzi infection of 68.4% (95% CI: 66.9-69.9). Temperature and humidity were not determining factors for the probability of insect capture. Of the 108 wild mammals (Chiroptera, Rodentia, and Didelphimorphia), none was infected with T. cruzi. Knowledge about Chagas disease in nearby inhabitants is poor, and some characteristics were found on the periphery of dwellings that could offer a refuge for insect vectors. With this information, surveillance strategies can be generated in the study area that reduce the risk of transmission of T. cruzi parasite to humans, and it is expected to motivate the use of this field in future research.

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BACKGROUND: Chagas disease, a zoonosis transmitted mainly by hematophagous insects of the subfamily Triatominae, is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, classified into six discrete typing units (DTUs: TcI-TcVI and Tcbat). METHODS: Insect vectors were collected from 84 human dwellings in the municipality of Santo Domingo Tehuantepec, Oaxaca, Mexico; 4.76% were infested. DTUs were determined using conventional and nested PCR. RESULTS: The infection rate was 43.6%. All insects were infected with TcI while one specimen showed mixed infection with TcII. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report of T. cruzi mixed infection in Triatoma phyllosoma, its main vector in the study region.

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The subfamily Triatominae includes a group of hematophagous insects, vectors of the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, which is the etiological agent of Chagas disease, also known as American trypanosomiasis. Triatomines occur in the Old and New World and occupy diverse habitats including tropical and temperate areas. Some studies suggest the distributions of triatomines group into three or four regions. This study objectively determined bioregions focused specifically on New World Triatominae, using clustering and ordination analysis. We also identified indicator species by bioregion and investigated relationships among bioregions and environmental variables using redundancy analysis and multivariate regression trees. We delineated seven bioregions specific to Triatominae and linked each with indicator species. This result suggests more biogeographical structure exists than was revealed in earlier studies that were more general, subjective, and based on older taxonomic and distributional information. Precipitation, elevation, and vegetation were important variables in the delimitating bioregions. This implies that more detailed study of how these factors influence triatomine distributions could benefit understanding of how Chagas disease is spread.

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ABSTRACT Background: Chagas disease, a zoonosis transmitted mainly by hematophagous insects of the subfamily Triatominae, is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, classified into six discrete typing units (DTUs: TcI-TcVI and Tcbat). Methods: Insect vectors were collected from 84 human dwellings in the municipality of Santo Domingo Tehuantepec, Oaxaca, Mexico; 4.76% were infested. DTUs were determined using conventional and nested PCR. Results: The infection rate was 43.6%. All insects were infected with TcI while one specimen showed mixed infection with TcII. Conclusions: This is the first report of T. cruzi mixed infection in Triatoma phyllosoma, its main vector in the study region.

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Background: The Trypanosoma cruzi parasite is the causal agent of Chagas disease, recognized by the World Health Organization as a neglected tropical disease. Currently there are seven discrete typing units (DTUs) of T. cruzi distributed in America, but there are still gaps about its distribution in some endemic regions. Materials and Methods: Seventeen units isolated from Chiapas and Oaxaca in Mexico were identified by amplification of the C-5 sterol desaturase gene. Results: Three DTUs of T. cruzi, TcI (6), TcII (10), and TcIV (1) were detected by comparing polymorphic sites in specific regions. Conclusions: New DTUs are reported for both states, where TcII was the most common DTU. The genetic characterization of the isolates can help to understand the epidemiology of Chagas disease.

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In vitro embryo production (IVEP) is an extremely important tool for genetic improvement in livestock and it is the biotechnology that has grown the most recently. However, multiple ovulation followed by embryo transfer is still considered the leading biotechnology for embryo production in small ruminants. This review aimed to identify what is still missing for more efficient diffusion of IVEP in small ruminants, going through the IVEP steps and highlighting the main factors affecting the outcomes. Oocyte quality is essential for the success of IVEP and an aspect to be considered in small ruminants is their reproductive seasonality and strategies to mitigate the effect of season. The logistics for oocyte collection from live females is more complex than in cattle, and tools to simplify this collection system and/or to promote an alternative way of recovering oocytes may be an important point in this scenario. The heterogeneity of oocytes collected from growing follicles in live females or from ovaries collected from abattoirs remains a challenge, and there is a demand to standardize/homogenize the hormonal stimulatory protocols and IVM protocols for each source of oocytes. The use of sexed semen is technically possible, however the low market demand associated with the high costs of the sexing process prevents the routine use of this technique, but its higher availability is an important aspect aiming for greater dissemination of IVEP. New noninvasive approaches for embryo selection are key factors since the selection for transfer or cryopreservation is another difficulty faced among laboratories. Embryo selection is based on morphological traits, although these are not necessarily reliable in predicting pregnancy. Several issues described in this review must be considered by researchers in other to promote the diffusion of IVEP in small ruminants.

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Background: Triatomine bugs are natural vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi, which causes Chagas disease or American trypanosomiasis. The role of sylvatic triatomine species as vectors of T. cruzi in Mexico remains to be fully understood. Our research on the epidemiology of Chagas disease in Southeastern Mexico involved sampling triatomines in rural settings. Materials and Methods: A triatomine was collected in a peridomestic environment of a rural dwelling in the state of Chiapas. The triatomine was identified morphologically as an adult female Eratyrus cuspidatus Stal. Results: Microscopic analysis revealed flagellate forms of T. cruzi in the feces of the E. cuspidatus collected. This was confirmed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Amplification of the mini-exon gene showed that the T. cruzi infecting E. cuspidatus corresponded to lineage I. Conclusions: This is the first report from Mexico of E. cuspidatus found infected in a human dwelling, which represents an important adaptation process to inhabit human environments.

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Chagas disease is one of the most important tropical infections in the world and mainly affects poor people. The causative agent is the hemoflagellate protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, which circulates among insect vectors and mammals throughout the Americas. A large body of research on Chagas disease has shown the complexity of this zoonosis, and controlling it remains a challenge for public health systems. Although knowledge of Chagas disease has advanced greatly, there are still many gaps, and it is necessary to continue generating basic and applied research to create more effective control strategies. The aim of this review is to provide up-to-date information on the components of Chagas disease and highlight current trends in research. We hope that this review will be a starting point for beginners and facilitate the search for more specific information.

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In alpacas (Vicugna pacos), the high cost of in vitro embryo production is also a consequence of the use of several substances in the culture medium. In addition, embryo production rates in this species are still considered low. Thus, in attempt to reduce the cost and to improve the in vitro embryo production rates, this study evaluates the effect of adding follicular fluid (FF) in the in vitro maturation medium on oocyte maturation and subsequent embryo production. After ovary collection at the local slaughterhouse, the oocytes were recovered, selected, and allocated in experimental groups: standard maturation medium (G1) and simplified medium added by 10% FF (G2). The FF was acquired from follicles between 7- and 12-mm diameter. The cumulus cell expansion and the embryo production rates were analyzed by chi-square with p < 0.05. No differences (p > 0.05) were observed in maturation rate between G1 (66.36%) and G2 (63.12%) groups. Likewise, no significant difference (p > 0.05) was verified between G1 and G2 for morula (40.85 vs 38.45%), blastocyst (7.01 vs 6.93%), and total number of embryos (47.87 vs 45.38%). In conclusion, it was possible to simplify the medium used for in vitro maturation of alpaca oocytes resulting in embryo production rates similar to the standard medium.

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Objetivo: Describir los resultados de la blefaroplastia de los párpados superiores realizada con radiocirugía a pacientes con dermatochalasis del párpado superior. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo longitudinal con pacientes del servicio de Oftalmología en el Hospital Clínico Quirúrgico Hermanos Ameijeiras en el período entre enero de 2021 a diciembre de 2022. Después de aplicar los criterios de selección la muestra quedó constituida por los primeros 50 pacientes que asistieron de forma consecutiva. Resultados: Predominaron los pacientes entre los 60 a 79 años de edad, el sexo femenino y los de color de piel blanca (p > 0,05). Se logró una reducción completa de la piel redundante en más de un 50 por ciento. El tiempo quirúrgico promedio con radiofrecuencia fue de 35.9 min. La satisfacción de los pacientes fue buena en un 96 por ciento. Las complicaciones posoperatorias se manifestaron en un 32 por ciento de los pacientes, solo en dos pacientes fueron serias, las cuales no dejaron secuelas. Conclusiones: La cirugía con ondas de radios para el tratamiento de la dermatochalasis permite alcanzar el resultado estético que se desea, con satisfacción tanto para el médico, como para los pacientes quienes logran mejorar su calidad de vida(AU)

Objective: To describe the results of upper eyelid blepharoplasty performed with radiosurgery in patients with upper eyelid dermatochalasis. Methods: A longitudinal descriptive study was carried out with patients from the ophthalmology service at Hospital Clínico Quirúrgico Hermanos Ameijeiras, from January 2021 to December 2022. After applying the selection criteria, the sample was made up of the first 50 patients who attended consecutively. Results: Patients aged 60-79 years predominated, as well as the female sex and the white skin color (p > 0.05). A complete reduction of redundant skin was achieved in more than 50 percent. The average surgical time with radiofrequency was 35.9 min. Patient satisfaction was good in 96 percent. Postoperative complications were present in 32 percent of patients, only in two patients were they serious, but did not leave any sequelae. Conclusions: Radiowave surgery for treating dermatochalasis allows to achieve the desired aesthetic outcome, with satisfaction for both the physician and the patients, who achieve an improvement in their quality of life(AU)

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Las Ciencias Médicas y Biológicas requieren, prioritariamente, que la investigación y la experimentación sean desarrolladas sobre organismos completos (los modelos animales). Su utilización ha permitido desarrollar innumerables ensayos preclínicos para evaluar los mecanismos patógenos y terapéuticos de diversas enfermedades, así como el estudio de las causas, naturaleza y cura de múltiples desórdenes de la salud humana. En este trabajo se muestra una panorámica general de los biomodelos de hipertensión arterial donde se describen: conceptos, características, origen, importancia, utilidad y procedimientos experimentales durante su fase de inducción. También se pondera la justificación de los biomodelos empleados en los estudios preclínicos de esta enfermedad. De igual forma, se describen los antecedentes para medir las alteraciones, las técnicas y los métodos directos e indirectos de medición de la presión arterial, la cual fue provocada experimentalmente en los animales de laboratorio para realizar los estudios de hipertensión humana.

Medical and biological sciences require, as a priority, that research and experimentation be carried out on complete organisms (animal models). Its use has allowed the development of innumerable preclinical tests to evaluate pathogenic and therapeutic mechanisms of various diseases, as well as to study the causes, nature and cure of multiple human health disorders. In this work, we show a general overview of arterial hypertension biomodels where concepts, characteristics, origin, importance, utility and experimental procedures during their induction phase are described. The justification of the biomodels used in preclinical studies of this disease is also considered. Antecedents are also described to measure alterations, techniques and direct and indirect methods of measurement of arterial pressure, which was provoked experimentally in the laboratory animals to carry out the studies of human hypertension.

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Introducción: El carcinoma de mama triple negativo se asocia a un comportamiento biológico más agresivo y de desfavorable pronóstico. Objetivo: Determinar la incidencia del subtipo molecular triple negativo en carcinomas mamarios y su relación con otras variables clínico-patológicas de valor pronóstico. Método: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo, en el Hospital Universitario Docente «Celestino Hernández Robau» de Villa Clara, en el período comprendido de enero de 2017 a junio de 2019, con el fin de determinar la incidencia de los tumores triples negativos y su relación con las variables edad, talla tumoral, tipo y grado histológicos e índice de proliferación. Resultados: Se determinó la incidencia del subtipo molecular triple negativo en carcinomas mamarios y su relación con las formas histológicas moderada y poco diferenciadas. Conclusiones: El subtipo molecular triple negativo en carcinomas mamarios está asociado con frecuencia a: la edad posmenopáusica, el tipo histológico ductal, el grado histológico alto, altos índices de Ki-67 y talla tumoral mayor de 2 cm.

Introduction: triple-negative breast cancer has a more aggressive biological behaviour and is associated with an unfavourable prognosis. Objective: to determine the incidence of triple- negative breast cancer molecular subtypes and its relationship with other clinical and pathological variables of prognostic value. Methods: a descriptive and retrospective study was carried out at "Celestino Hernández Robau" University Teaching Hospital from Villa Clara between January 2017 and June 2019 in order to determine the incidence of triple- negative tumors and its relationship with the variables: age, tumor size, histological type and grade as well as proliferative index. Results: the incidence of triple- negative breast cancer molecular subtype and its relationship with moderate and poorly differentiated histological forms were determined. Conclusions: triple- negative breast cancer molecular subtype is frequently associated with postmenopausal age, ductal histological type, high histological grade, high Ki-67 indices and tumor size greater than 2 cm.

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Under natural and well-managed conditions, the buffalo has good reproductive and productive indices. However, in vitro embryo production (IVEP) has been used commercially to maximise the number of elite animals. In this species, several factors (donor management, in vitro culture medium, semen, in vitro conditions, embryo transfer) still affect the IVEP results. In addition, the cost of this technique is very high for this purpose. Therefore, more studies, as well as adequate plans, are needed to achieve this objective efficiently. In this review, we discussed the current commercial status, influencing factors (in vivo and in vitro), and the progress and future challenges of IVEP in buffalo. A total of 81 references were used from 1979 to 2022. The relevant data or literature were searched using the following databases: Google, ResearchGate, Science Alert, Science Direct and PubMed, using the following keywords: buffalo oocytes/COCs, buffalo embryos, pregnancy and calving or live birth rate after embryo transfer. The best maturation, cleavage and blastocyst rates in the in vitro production of buffalo embryos were 95.8, 75.2 and 33.4%, respectively. The pregnancy and live birth rates ranged from 22.2% to 43.5% and from 15.3% to 36.5%, respectively, after the transfer of fresh embryos produced in vitro to the recipients. This review will help to contextualise IVEP in buffaloes, as well as create an adequate plan for implementing IVEP in buffaloes.

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Introduction: Total hip arthroplasty is a widespread treatment and is considered the gold standard in cases of hip osteoarthritis, with high rates of success in improving pain and function when well performed. After five years of follow-up, this study evaluates the osseointegration of uncemented Targos® collared stems in arthroplasties. Methods: Observational study of 182 total hip arthroplasties performed in 2014 with Targos® cementless collared femoral stems (Lepine). Bone quality was assessed according to the Dorr scale and osseointegration according to the Engh score. Results: The overall mean age was 56.5 years, consisting of 104 men (57.1%) and 103 women (56.6%). The osseointegration rate of the stems (total Engh>0) was 100%. There was no statistical difference between groups concerning age (p=0.262), gender (p=0.463), primary diagnosis (p=0.585), affected side (p=0.459), and degree of Dorr (p=0.857). Conclusion: Targos® cementless collared femoral stems showed excellent osseointegration in all patients evaluated, regardless of age, gender, and preoperative bone quality. Moreover, spot welds observed on preoperative radiographs have the best association with implant osseointegration. Level of evidence IV, case series .

Introdução: A artroplastia total do quadril é um tratamento amplamente difundido, sendo considerado padrão ouro nos casos de osteoartrose do quadril, com altos índices de sucesso na melhora da dor e função, quando bem realizada. Este estudo avalia a presença de osseointegração de hastes com colar não cimentadas Targos® em artroplastias após cinco anos de seguimento. Métodos: Estudo observacional com 182 artroplastias totais de quadril realizadas em 2014 com com hastes femorais com colar não cimentadas Targos® (Lepine). A qualidade óssea foi avaliada de acordo com a escala de Dorr e a osseointegração de acordo com o escore de Engh. Resultados: A média geral de idade foi de 56,5 anos, sendo 104 homens (57,1%) e 103 mulheres (56,6%). A taxa de osseointegração das hastes (Engh total>0) foi de 100%. Não houve diferença estatística nos grupos quanto à idade (p=0,262), sexo (p=0,463), diagnóstico primário (p=0,585), lado acometido (p=0,459) e grau de Dorr (p=0,857). Conclusão: As hastes femorais com colar não cimentadas Targos® apresentaram excelente osseointegração em todos os pacientes avaliados, independentemente da idade, sexo e qualidade óssea pré-operatória. Além disso, a presença de "spot welds" observados nas radiografias pré-operatórias tem a melhor associação com a osseointegração do implante. Nível de evidência IV, case series .

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Objective To perform a comparative clinical, functional and radiographic evaluation of total hip arthroplasty (THA) performed with a cementless prosthesis in cases of osteoarthrosis secondary to Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease (LCPD) and in cases of primary osteoarthrosis. Methods In the present case-control study, we reviewed medical records of patients admitted to a university hospital between 2008 and 2015 to undergo THA due to LCPD sequelae and compared them with a control group of patients who underwent the same surgery due to primary hip osteoarthrosis. We recruited patients for clinical, functional, and radiographic analysis and we compared the evaluations in the immediate postoperative period and at the last follow-up visit, considering surgical time, size of prosthetic components, and complications. Results We compared 22 patients in the study group (25 hips) with 22 patients (25 hips) in the control group, all of whom had undergone THA with the same cementless prosthesis. There was greater functional impairment in the group of patients with LCPD sequelae ( p = 0.002). There were 4 intraoperative femoral periprosthetic fractures in the LCPD group and none in the primary osteoarthrosis group ( p = 0.050). Conclusions There is an increased risk of intraoperative periprosthetic femoral fracture and worse clinical-functional results in patients undergoing cementless THA due to osteoarthrosis secondary to LCPD sequelae than in those who have undergone the same surgery due to primary hip osteoarthrosis.

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Trypanosoma cruzi is a parasite transmitted by the feces of triatomines. Many triatomine species are found in Mexico, and various T. cruzi variants have been isolated from these species, each showing very different virulence and cell tropism. The isolates were obtained from Meccus phyllosoma specimens in three localities in the state of Oaxaca, Mexico: Tehuantitla, Vixhana, and Guichivere. The virulence of each isolate was assessed by quantifying parasitemia, survival, and histopathologic findings. The lineage of each isolate was identified using the mini-exon gene. The expression of the tssa gene during infection was detected in the heart, esophagus, gastrocnemius, and brain. Our results show that the maximum post-infection parasitemia was higher for the Tehuantitla isolate. On genotyping, all isolates were identified as T. cruzi I. The amastigotes in the heart and gastrocnemius were verified for all isolates, but in the brain only for Tehuantitla and Vixhana. The tssa expression allowed us to detect T. cruzi isolates, for Tehuantitla, predominantly in the heart. For Vixhana, a higher tssa expression was detected in gastrocnemius, and for Guichivere, it was higher in the esophagus. Results show that virulence, tropism, and tssa expression can vary, even when the isolates are derived from the same vector species, in the same region, and at similar altitudes.

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Abstract Objective To perform a comparative clinical, functional and radiographic evaluation of total hip arthroplasty (THA) performed with a cementless prosthesis in cases of osteoarthrosis secondary to Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease (LCPD) and in cases of primary osteoarthrosis. Methods In the present case-control study, we reviewed medical records of patients admitted to a university hospital between 2008 and 2015 to undergo THA due to LCPD sequelae and compared them with a control group of patients who underwent the same surgery due to primary hip osteoarthrosis. We recruited patients for clinical, functional, and radiographic analysis and we compared the evaluations in the immediate postoperative period and at the last follow-up visit, considering surgical time, size of prosthetic components, and complications. Results We compared 22 patients in the study group (25 hips) with 22 patients (25 hips) in the control group, all of whom had undergone THA with the same cementless prosthesis. There was greater functional impairment in the group of patients with LCPD sequelae (p= 0.002). There were 4 intraoperative femoral periprosthetic fractures in the LCPD group and none in the primary osteoarthrosis group (p= 0.050). Conclusions There is an increased risk of intraoperative periprosthetic femoral fracture and worse clinical-functional results in patients undergoing cementless THA due to osteoarthrosis secondary to LCPD sequelae than in those who have undergone the same surgery due to primary hip osteoarthrosis.

Resumo Objetivo Realizar uma avaliação clínica, funcional e radiográfica comparativa da artroplastia total do quadril (ATQ) realizada com prótese não cimentada em casos de osteoartrose secundária à doença de Legg-Calvé-Perthes (DLCP) e em casos de osteoartrose primária. Métodos No presente estudo caso-controle, foram revisados os prontuários dos pacientes internados em um hospital universitário entre os anos de 2008 e 2015. Os pacientes foram submetidos a ATQ devido a sequelas da DLCP, sendo comparados com um grupo controle de pacientes submetidos à mesma cirurgia por osteoartrose primária do quadril. Os pacientes foram recrutados para a realização de uma análise clínica, funcional e radiográfica, na qual foram comparadas as avaliações no pós-operatório imediato e na última consulta de acompanhamento, levando em consideração o tempo cirúrgico, o tamanho dos componentes protéticos e as complicações. Resultados Comparamos 22 pacientes do grupo de estudo (25 quadris) com 22 pacientes (25 quadris) do grupo controle, todos os quais foram submetidos a ATQ com a mesma prótese não cimentada. Houve um maior comprometimento funcional no grupo de pacientes com sequelas da DLCP (p= 0,002). Ocorreram 4 fraturas periprotéticas femorais no intraoperatório do grupo DLCP, sendo que não ocorreu nenhuma no grupo de osteoartrose primária (p= 0,050). Conclusões Existe um risco elevado de fratura periprotética femoral no intraoperatório com resultados clínico-funcionais mais desfavoráveis aos pacientes que foram submetidos à ATQ não cimentada devido a osteoartrose secundária às sequelas da DLCP do que naqueles que foram submetidos à mesma cirurgia por osteoartrose primária de quadril.

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Introduction: Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a pathology that can be treated with many approaches by the hip surgeon. Advanced decompression is a technique that aims to prevent the collapse of the femoral head and the arthrosis process of the joint, a technique already widespread and used by hip surgeons. In this study, we performed the technique with a new retractable blade and a new bone substitute as graft for the femoral head. Objective: To evaluate the technique with new instruments (EasyCore Hip®) and a calcium phosphate bone substitute (Graftys® HBS). Methods: Patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head without major degenerative changes, such as femoral head collapse, were selected. Femoral head decompression was performed using the EasyCore Hip® retractable blade along with the calcium phosphate bone substitute as graft (Graftys® HBS). Results: The instruments proved to be reliable and reproducible, and the bone substitute presented good mechanical resistance, maintaining its temperature during the surgery. The disposable retractable blade presents variation in size and angle, which is an advantage in the removal of necrotic bone. However, we must take some precautions in order to achieve a better result. Conclusion: using EasyCore Hip® instruments and a calcium phosphate bone substitute (Graftys® HBS) is safe; however, some precautions must be taken during the use of the technique. Level of Evidence IV, Case Series.

Introdução: A osteonecrose da cabeça femoral (ONCF) é uma patologia que pode ser tratada com diversas abordagens pelo cirurgião de quadril. A descompressão avançada é uma técnica que busca evitar o colapso da cabeça femoral e o processo de artrose da articulação, técnica já bastante difundida e utilizada entre os cirurgiões de quadril. Neste estudo, foi realizada a técnica com uma nova lâmina retrátil e um novo substituto ósseo como enxerto para a cabeça femoral. Objetivo: Avaliação da técnica com novo instrumental EasyCore Hip ® e substituto ósseo de fosfato de cálcio (Graftys ® HBS). Métodos: Foram selecionados pacientes com osteonecrose da cabeça femoral sem alterações degenerativas importantes, como o colapso da cabeça femoral. Foi realizada a descompressão da cabeça com a lâmina retrátil EasyCore Hip ® associada à enxertia com o substituto ósseo de fosfato de cálcio (Graftys ® HBS). Resultados: O instrumental mostrou-se confiável e de aplicação reprodutível, e o substituto ósseo apresentou boa resistência mecânica e isotermia durante o procedimento. Conclusão: em nossa série de casos, verificamos segurança na utilização do EasyCore Hip ® e substituto ósseo de fosfato de cálcio (Graftys ® HBS), porém alertamos para cuidados que devem ser tomados durante a realização da técnica. Nível de Evidência IV, Série de Casos.

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The study aimed to verify the influence of the FecGE mutation in superovulated ewes and to evaluate the probability of logistic models to determine the response capacity of these ewes to superovulatory treatment. Santa Inês ewes (n = 29) were genotyped for the FecGE mutation and separated for their genotype group in carriers of the mutant E allele (FecGE/E, FecG+/E) and non-carrier (FecG+/+) alleles. The ewes underwent hormonal treatment for superovulation. Aside from the genotypes, variables included in the statistical model were reproductive status (empty, early lactation, or late lactation), age (> or < 6 years), and number of births (nulliparous, primiparous, multiparous). The carriers of the mutation could be discriminated from the non-carriers based on the number of corpora lutea, rate of frozen embryos, and fecundity. Recovery rate was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in FecGE/E (94.31%) compared to FecG+/E (63.15%) and FecG+/+ (61.90%) (P < 0.05), whereas fecundity rate of FecG+/+ ewes (50.76%) was significantly higher than FecG+/E (18.96%) and FecGE/E (32.53%) (P < 0.05). We determined in this study that the response to superovulation and embryo production can be discriminated between FecGE/E and FecG+/E ewes in relation to the FecG+/+ genotype. Logistic models that included reproductive status and mutation, or reproductive status and age, or reproductive status and number of births were effective in predicting the response to superovulatory treatment.

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