RESUMO
The impact of nanomaterials in the environment and human health is a cause of big concern and even though intensive studies are currently being carried out, there is still a lot to elucidate. The development of validated methods for the characterization and quantification of nanomaterials and their impact on the environment should be encouraged to achieve a proper, safe, and sustainable use of nanoparticles (NPs). Recently, CE emerged as a well-adapted technique for the analysis of environmental samples. This review presents the application of NPs together with CE systems for environmental pollutants analysis, as well as the application of CE techniques for the analysis of various types of NPs.
Assuntos
Poluentes Ambientais/análise , Nanopartículas/análise , Nanoestruturas/análise , Eletroforese Capilar/métodosRESUMO
Epidemiological studies have shown a positive association between choloesterol gallstones and colonic cancer. These two diseases may be somehow related with bile acids metabolic alterations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the profiles of fecal bile acid in gallstone patients, in order to estimate the quality and amount of fecal bile acids. A fecal bile acid profile of ten gallstone patients and ten controls was compared using high performance liquid chromatography. Total fecal bile acid excretion was significantly increased in gallstone patients compared with controls (692.7 mg/day (302.5-846.2) vs 165.7 mg/day (138.7-221.3), p<0.01) as was the excretion of secondary free bile acids 562.9 mg/day (253.3-704.9) vs 99.9 mg/day (88.9-154.2), p<0.01). Lithocholic and glycodeoxycholic and percentages have also been found to show differences with controls of 55.4 (47.4-73.9) vs 24.6 (22.1-38.4) (p<0.01) and 29.4 (3.3-41.7) vs 2.8 (1.0-3.8) (p<0.03), respectively but deoxycholic acid has not shown differences between the two groups. Moreover, the percentage of ursodeoxycholic acid diminished significantly in gallstone patients (1.5 (1.0-2.8) vs 8.6 (6.0-10.39) (p<0.001), and the decrease of chenodeoxycholic acid was also significant (20.0 (11.4-23.6) vs 8.9 (3.1-10.9) (p<0.03) along with a rise in the rations lithocholic/deoxycholic acids (1.8 (1.4-6.4) vs 0.9 (0.6-1.6) (p<0.05) and glycine/taurine of deoxycholic acid (7.3 (4.1-46.6) vs 0.2 (0.1-0.5) (p<0.01). In conclusion, we have observed a significant increase of total and secondary fecal bile acid excretion as well as a rise of LCA and GDCA percentages and a rise in the ratios of LCA/DCA and glycinet/taurine of DCA. (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto , Colelitíase/metabolismo , Ácidos e Sais Biliares/metabolismo , Fezes/química , Colelitíase/complicações , Neoplasias do Colo/etiologia , Análise de VariânciaRESUMO
Epidemiological studies have shown a positive association between choloesterol gallstones and colonic cancer. These two diseases may be somehow related with bile acids metabolic alterations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the profiles of fecal bile acid in gallstone patients, in order to estimate the quality and amount of fecal bile acids. A fecal bile acid profile of ten gallstone patients and ten controls was compared using high performance liquid chromatography. Total fecal bile acid excretion was significantly increased in gallstone patients compared with controls (692.7 mg/day (302.5-846.2) vs 165.7 mg/day (138.7-221.3), p<0.01) as was the excretion of secondary free bile acids 562.9 mg/day (253.3-704.9) vs 99.9 mg/day (88.9-154.2), p<0.01). Lithocholic and glycodeoxycholic and percentages have also been found to show differences with controls of 55.4 (47.4-73.9) vs 24.6 (22.1-38.4) (p<0.01) and 29.4 (3.3-41.7) vs 2.8 (1.0-3.8) (p<0.03), respectively but deoxycholic acid has not shown differences between the two groups. Moreover, the percentage of ursodeoxycholic acid diminished significantly in gallstone patients (1.5 (1.0-2.8) vs 8.6 (6.0-10.39) (p<0.001), and the decrease of chenodeoxycholic acid was also significant (20.0 (11.4-23.6) vs 8.9 (3.1-10.9) (p<0.03) along with a rise in the rations lithocholic/deoxycholic acids (1.8 (1.4-6.4) vs 0.9 (0.6-1.6) (p<0.05) and glycine/taurine of deoxycholic acid (7.3 (4.1-46.6) vs 0.2 (0.1-0.5) (p<0.01). In conclusion, we have observed a significant increase of total and secondary fecal bile acid excretion as well as a rise of LCA and GDCA percentages and a rise in the ratios of LCA/DCA and glycinet/taurine of DCA.