RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to identify the main neurological conditions associated with HIV/AIDS in Mexican patients treated at the National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery (NINN) in Mexico city, the main referral center for patients with disorders of the central and peripheral nervous system. METHODS: An observational, transversal and descriptive analysis was performed. We reviewed the databases from the Department of Epidemiology and the medical records of patients with AIDS seen during the period from January 1st, 1995 to December 31, 2009. RESULTS: 320 patients were detected, the main conditions related to HIV/AIDS were brain toxoplasmosis (42%), cerebral criptoccocosis (28%), tuberculous meningitis (8.7%), linfoma no Hodking (3.75%), acute HIV infection (3.4%) and AIDS dementia complex (3%). No specific trend on morbility and mortality were detected during the period of study. CONCLUSIONS: In Mexico the most common neurological complications of HIV/AIDS are opportunistic infections.
Assuntos
Infecções por HIV/complicações , Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/epidemiologia , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/etiologia , Complexo AIDS Demência/epidemiologia , Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/complicações , Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/epidemiologia , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Biópsia , Doenças dos Nervos Cranianos/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Nervos Cranianos/etiologia , Escolaridade , Emprego , Feminino , Infecções por HIV/mortalidade , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , México/epidemiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Periférico/epidemiologia , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Periférico/etiologia , Fatores Sexuais , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Toxoplasmose Cerebral/epidemiologia , Toxoplasmose Cerebral/etiologia , Adulto JovemAssuntos
Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso/genética , Ataxias Espinocerebelares/genética , Ataxias Espinocerebelares/mortalidade , Expansão das Repetições de Trinucleotídeos/genética , Ataxinas , Cuba/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Masculino , Ataxias Espinocerebelares/epidemiologia , Taxa de SobrevidaRESUMO
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of different Central Nervous System Tumors (CNST) diagnosed at the Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery) from Mexico City over a 10-year period (1990 to 1999) by means of a hospital survey. This institute is a reference hospital that provides medical attention to a very high number of adult neurological patients every year (approximately 6,000 new patients per year besides emergency cases). From a total number of 2,041 CNST cases, we found that the most frequent tumors were those affecting the neuroepithelial tissue (32.8 %), followed by tumors of the anterior pituitary gland (26.2 %) and tumors of the meninges and similar tissues (24.1 %). In both, male and female patients the higher frequency of CNST was found in patients whose age ranged from 25 to 44 years, and CNST were slightly more frequent in women than in men. Most of the CNST patients lived in the southern districts of Mexico City, it could be because of the great number of people living in the southern districts of the city, or perhaps due to the presence of certain yet unidentified environmental carcinogenic substance in this area. Since CNST are among the more frequent malignant neoplasms, it is necessary to improve the registration system to include frequency, prevalence, incidence and mortality of these diseases in Mexico, in order to plan health policies like in developed countries.