RESUMO
In this study, HIV-1 variants from a cohort of forty-eight Puerto Rican pregnant women and their 50 infants (one had triplets), were isolated and characterized, in order to determine the type of HIV-1 variants that are predominantly transmitted. All were enrolled in the prenatal AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) and received anti-retroviral therapy. Fifteen of the 50 infants (30%) were positive by V3 PCR suggesting that they harbored a copy of the HIV envelope gene. Three of 50 infants (6%) were HIV-1 culture and PCR positive, indicating active infection. HIV-positive cultures were obtained from 32 of the 48 mothers. Sixty two percent of the isolates (20/32) were macrophage-tropic and non-syncytium inducing, three percent (1/32) had dual tropism, and thirty four percent (11/32) were non-syncytium inducing and did not grow in macrophages. Phenotype and genotype of the HIV variants from the three infected infants revealed the presence of macrophage-tropic and non-syncytium-inducing strains. Genotype analysis of the HIV env V3 loop revealed the presence of specific amino acids that are predictive of CCR5 usage. Sequence analysis of the HIV pol gene from the three infected infants indicated that vertical transmission was not caused by the presence of antiviral resistance mutations. These results indicate that mothers undergoing antiretroviral treatment at different stages of the disease and with different viral loads transmit predominantly macrophage-tropic/non-syncytium inducing/CCR5 variants to their infants.
Assuntos
Infecções por HIV/complicações , Infecções por HIV/virologia , HIV-1/genética , HIV-1/isolamento & purificação , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/virologia , Receptores CCR5/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Sequência de Bases , Estudos de Coortes , DNA Viral/genética , Feminino , Variação Genética , Genótipo , Proteína gp120 do Envelope de HIV/genética , Infecções por HIV/transmissão , HIV-1/patogenicidade , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Transmissão Vertical de Doenças Infecciosas , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Fragmentos de Peptídeos/genética , Fenótipo , Gravidez , Porto RicoRESUMO
The clinical and histopathologic characteristics of patients with ashy dermatosis (n = 20) and lichen planus pigmentosus (n = 11) were analyzed. We found significant clinical differences between both dermatoses, supporting our opinion that they are two separate conditions. Both dermatoses were histologically similar.
Assuntos
Eritema/patologia , Líquen Plano/patologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Criança , Eritema/classificação , Feminino , Humanos , Líquen Plano/classificação , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores SexuaisRESUMO
Before undergoing amputation of a lower limb, one hundred and forty-six patients suffering from arteriosclerosis were studied with the purpose of finding prognostic indicators of success at the most distal level. The best results were obtained when skin perfusion pressure was above 60 mmHg in diabetics and above 40 mmHg in non-diabetics. Lower limb systolic blood pressure and skin thermometry also proved to be useful. The method proposed might be helpful to the surgeon in choosing the best treatment for the patient. It is a nonivasive procedure which can be easily performed and does not require sophisticated or expensive equipment.
Assuntos
Amputação Cirúrgica/métodos , Hemodinâmica/fisiologia , Arteriosclerose/complicações , Arteriosclerose/fisiopatologia , Arteriosclerose/cirurgia , Complicações do Diabetes , Diabetes Mellitus/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Prognóstico , Cicatrização/fisiologiaAssuntos
Ceftazidima/uso terapêutico , Ciprofloxacina/uso terapêutico , Dermatopatias Infecciosas/tratamento farmacológico , Administração Oral , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Ceftazidima/administração & dosagem , Ceftazidima/efeitos adversos , Ciprofloxacina/administração & dosagem , Ciprofloxacina/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Infusões Intravenosas , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Distribuição AleatóriaRESUMO
Early detection of stenosis is an important task in noninvasive examinations. The authors analyzed 50 patients with diabetic macroangiopathy in lower limbs, but without signs, or symptoms of brain ischemia, and 50 supposedly healthy subjects of similar sex and age composition as control. Eight hemodynamic parameters were measured in the common carotid artery using Doppler ultrasound with spectral analysis. Only 6% of the control group, but 64% of the diabetic patients had two or more altered parameters. The authors conclude that persons with high risk of cerebrovascular disease could be identified by Doppler ultrasound examination of common carotid artery.
Assuntos
Arteriosclerose/fisiopatologia , Artérias Carótidas/fisiopatologia , Angiopatias Diabéticas/fisiopatologia , Doenças das Artérias Carótidas/diagnóstico , Hemodinâmica , Humanos , Arteriosclerose Intracraniana/diagnóstico , Perna (Membro)/irrigação sanguínea , Fatores de Risco , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
Clinical and pathological data of 450 children ranging from 1.5 to 16 years of age with acute post-infectious glomerulonephritis observed at the Children's Hospital of Centro Médico de Occidente (IMSS), with a follow-up of 12 years are presented. The outstanding features of this review are the following: a very high incidence of the disease in 1978 and 1979, coinciding with an epidemic of scarlet fever. From 127 patients a renal biopsy was obtained; in 79.5% the histological picture srowed proliferative endocapillary glomerulonephritis (PEG), 5.5% corresponded to focal proliferative endo and extracapillary glomerulonephritis (FPEEG), 11% were diffuse proliferative endo and extracapillary crescent-forming glomerulonephritis (DPEEG) and 3.9% membranoproliferative glomerulonephriteis (MPG). On clinical basis, the evolution of the disease through a 12 years follow-up period has demonstrated normal renal function in 91% of all patients. Correlation of the results of histologic examination with the clinical course of the disease have demonstrated a good prognosis in PEG, whereas DPEEG and MPG have shown a poor evolution. The data here presented confirms the usefulness of the renal biopsy to predict the clinical evolution of post-infectious glomerulonephritis.
Assuntos
Glomerulonefrite/etiologia , Infecções Estreptocócicas/complicações , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Glomerulonefrite/patologia , Humanos , Lactente , Falência Renal Crônica/etiologia , Glomérulos Renais/patologia , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Prognóstico , Escarlatina/complicaçõesRESUMO
Se presenta el caso de un paciente de 6 meses de edad con hipertrofia del clitoris, aplasia de labios menores y hernia inguinal izquierda. La laparatomia exploradora demostro utero y trompas rudimentarias, no se encontraron gonadas. En el estudio citogenetico la cromatina X resulto negativa y el cariotipo revelo un mosaico 45, X/46, X i(Yq). La anomalia se detecto mediante estudio de bandas C. Se comprueba que en ausencia de brazos cortos del cromosoma Y, no existe gonada masculina y que la diferenciacion de los organos genitales internos y externos es mas bien de tipo femenino.