RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Adverse effects on the oral mucosa after the use of dermal fillers have been reported due to their increased use for facial aesthetics. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate, clinically and histologically, the local and systemic effects of two concentrations of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) dermal filler in rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty-four female rats were allocated into three treatment groups (2% PMMA, 30% PMMA and 0.9% NaCl), according to the substance injected in the tongue, and three experimental periods: 7, 60 and 90 days. The rats were clinically evaluated and then euthanised, and their tongue and right kidney removed. The histological sections were stained with haematoxylin/eosin and picrosirius. RESULTS: Clinically, significant differences were found between test groups as to the occurrence of nodules (Kruskal-Wallis; p < 0.001). Histologically, there was greater inflammatory response in the PMMA compared with control (Kruskal-Wallis; p < 0.001). 30% PMMA had greater collagen formation (anova mixed models; p < 0.01). No migration of the material towards kidney was found. CONCLUSION: Polymethylmethacrylate induced intense reaction in the initial period of observation (7 days), followed by gradual decrease during the study, favouring the presence of fibroplasia adjacent to the material.
Assuntos
Polimetil Metacrilato/administração & dosagem , Polimetil Metacrilato/farmacologia , Língua/efeitos dos fármacos , Língua/patologia , Animais , Vasos Sanguíneos/efeitos dos fármacos , Vasos Sanguíneos/patologia , Colágeno/biossíntese , Preenchedores Dérmicos/administração & dosagem , Preenchedores Dérmicos/farmacologia , Eutanásia Animal , Feminino , Migração de Corpo Estranho/induzido quimicamente , Migração de Corpo Estranho/patologia , Reação a Corpo Estranho/induzido quimicamente , Reação a Corpo Estranho/patologia , Células Gigantes/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Gigantes/patologia , Inflamação/induzido quimicamente , Injeções Intradérmicas , Rim/efeitos dos fármacos , Rim/patologia , Mucosa Bucal/efeitos dos fármacos , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Cloreto de Sódio/administração & dosagem , Cloreto de Sódio/farmacologia , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: This article is a review of PMMA focusing on its properties, indications, contra-indications and adverse effects. BACKGROUND: search to remain young is a constant attitude among Brazilians. The low cost of filling agents have stimulated its indiscriminate use, especially the bioplasty (non-incisional method). Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) is the cosmetic filling agent of choice, because of its low cost, easy access and simple application technique. The impact on dentistry and orofacial medicine needs further awareness. CONCLUSION: The article aims to draw the attention of odontology and medical professionals to the product's applicability and its possible complications.