RESUMO
The aim of the study is to assess the hypotensive properties of the hydro-ethanolic crude root extract (CRE), the n-butanol fraction (F(BtOH)) and nuatigenin-3-O-ß-chacotriose, from Solanum sisymbriifolium Lam., in adrenal regeneration hypertension+deoxycorticosterone acetate (ARH+DOCA) rats, following a chronic administration. The roots of S. sisymbriifolium Lam. (Solanaceae) were extracted by reflux with ethanol-water 7:3 and the active extract was fractionated by bioassay-guided liquid-liquid separation. Nuatigenin-3-O-ß-chacotriose (B(3-1)) was identified as the main hypotensive compound from the crude drug by spectroscopic methods. Immature Wistar rats of both sexes were submitted to both surgery and deoxycorticosterone acetate treatment to obtain adrenal regeneration hypertensive rats (ARH+DOCA). Different groups of experimentally induced hypertensive rats were randomly allotted and received during 16 weeks a daily oral administration of 1% saline solution (0.1 mL/100g body weigh), 100.0 mg/kg of CRE, 10.0, 30.0 and 50.0 mg/kg of F(BtOH), and 1.0 mg/kg of B(3-1), respectively. In addition, two groups of ARH+DOCA rats were randomly assigned to receive either B(3-1) (1.0 mg/kg/day) or 1% of saline solution (0.1 mL/100g body weight/day) for 7 weeks and then a cross over procedure was performed in order to complete the 16th-week treatment. After 16 weeks of oral administration of crude root extract (CRE), butanolic fraction (F(BtOH)) and nuatigenin-3-O-ß-chacotriose (B(3-1)) a significant reduction of blood pressure value was induced in hypertensive animals (ARH+DOCA) in comparison to the control group receiving 1% saline solution, at the end of experiment. Administration of B(3-1) (1.0 mg/kg/day p.o.) to ARH+DOCA rats provoked a significant reduction of blood pressure, observed gradually from 5th week (p<0.05) to the end of the 16th week period of treatment (p<0.01). Moreover, in a cross over design it was observed that the reduction of blood pressure to normotensive condition is associated to B(3-1). The latest demonstrated that the blood pressure-lowering effect, in clearly hypertensive animals, is reversible and depend upon administration of nuatigenin-3-O-ß-chacotriose (B(3-1)). Our results demonstrated that daily oral administration of CRE, F(BtOH) and nuatigenin-3-O-ß-chacotriose from S. sisymbriifolium for a 16-week period exhibits an antihypertensive effect in experimentally hypertensive (ARH+DOCA) rats.
Assuntos
Anti-Hipertensivos/farmacologia , Hipertensão/tratamento farmacológico , Saponinas/farmacologia , Solanum/química , Triterpenos/farmacologia , Tropanos/farmacologia , Animais , Pressão Sanguínea/efeitos dos fármacos , Esquema de Medicação , Hipertensão/fisiopatologia , Camundongos , Paraguai , Fitoterapia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Raízes de Plantas/química , RatosRESUMO
Two children were thought to have an atypical gastroduodenal motility disorder because of the history and clinical course; both had received parenteral alimentation because of claims of inability to tolerate enteral feedings, and both continued to have unusual medical problems during parenteral alimentation. Both children had motility studies that were interpreted by a pediatric gastroenterologist to be "abnormal" and "diagnostic" of a motility disorder, but each was eventually shown to have a behavioral abnormality related to Munchausen syndrome by proxy.
Assuntos
Gastroenteropatias/diagnóstico , Motilidade Gastrointestinal , Síndrome de Munchausen Causada por Terceiro/diagnóstico , Pré-Escolar , Erros de Diagnóstico , Gastroenteropatias/etiologia , Gastroenteropatias/terapia , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Manometria , Síndrome de Munchausen Causada por Terceiro/complicações , Nutrição Parenteral Total , Valores de ReferênciaRESUMO
El Transtorno de Pánico (TP) es una entidad clínica frecuente en mujeres jóvenes, cuyo tratamiento requiere la utilización de técnicas psicoterapéuticas de tipo cognitivo o conductual y la administración de psicofármacos como antidepresivos tricíclicos, benzodiazepinas o inhibidores de la recaptación de la serotonina. Los psicofármacos son utilizados para corregir el deficit funcional de los sistemas de noradrenalina, serotonina o gaba cerebrales y el compromiso de estructuras cerebrales como el locus ceruleus y el sistema límbico, mecanismos invocados en la etiologia del TP. Las características epidemiológicas del TP permite la presentación de las crisis del TP concominantemente con un embarazo, haciendo imperiosa la utilización de psicofármacos en la madre gestante. Se revisa la evolución clinica del TP durente el embarazo y la potencialidad teratogénica de los psicofármacos utilizados en el tratamiento.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Transtorno de Pânico , Complicações na Gravidez , Complicações na Gravidez/fisiopatologia , Complicações na Gravidez/tratamento farmacológico , Transtorno de Pânico/fisiopatologia , Transtorno de Pânico/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
Thirteen children with very short small bowel (less than or equal to 38 cm jejunoileum) beginning in the first month of life were enrolled in a home parenteral nutrition program between 1977 and 1984. Their survival is compared with the collective reported experience with short bowel syndrome before 1972: nine (69%) of 13 have survived, compared with seven (23%) of 30 previously. Five discontinued parenteral nutrition after periods of 4 to 32 months of therapy, and have normal growth and development. Two still receive partial (50% and 60%) parenteral nutrition after 9 and 55 months, respectively, and two still receive total parenteral nutrition after 66 and 68 months of therapy, respectively; all four infants have grown normally, and three are developmentally normal. In the combined categories of 15 to 38 cm jejunoileum without the ileocecal valve and less than 15 cm jejunoileum with and without the ileocecal valve, seven (70%) of 10 have survived, compared with none (0%) of 16 before 1972; three of these discontinued parenteral nutrition. Ultimate survival with normal growth without parenteral nutrition is now possible with as little as 11 cm jejunoileum with an intact ileocecal valve and as little as 25 cm jejunoileum without an ileocecal valve.