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We report the complete genome assembly of Pediococcus acidilactici A40, a bacterium with biocontrol and plant growth-promoting properties, obtained from Colombia.

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RESUMEN Objetivo. Determinar la concordancia entre cinco criterios diagnósticos de síndrome metabólico (SM) entre adolescentes residentes de una zona altoandina del Perú. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un estudio transversal con datos secundarios de un estudio de intervención en dos escuelas públicas en el año 2019. Participaron 397 adolescentes que residen en la ciudad de Cajamarca ubicada en la región andina del Perú. Se aplicaron cinco criterios diagnósticos: Third Adult Treatment Panel (ATP-III) modificados por Cook, de la Federación Internacional de Diabetes (IDF), de la American Heart Association (AHA), de Ferranti, y de la Organización Mundial de Salud (OMS). Se estimaron las prevalencias puntuales y de intervalo con los cinco criterios. Se estimó el coeficiente de concordancia de Kappa con su respectivo intervalo de confianza al 95% (IC 95%). Resultados. El criterio de Ferranti identificó un 17,1% (IC 95%: 13,4 a 20,8) de adolescentes con SM, seguido del criterio de la ATP-III con 4,3% (IC 95%: 2,3 a 6,3); los demás criterios identificaron una menor frecuencia. La mejor concordancia fue encontrada entre los criterios de la AHA y la ATP-III (k = 0,905), los criterios de la OMS e IDF tuvieron un coeficiente de 0,628. Los cinco criterios coincidieron en clasificar como SM a seis adolescentes (1,5%). Conclusiones. Los criterios de la AHA y la ATP-III modificados por Cook tuvieron una concordancia casi perfecta, que se mantuvo en ambos sexos. Los criterios ATP-III, de Ferranti, IDF, AHA y OMS concuerdan en menos del 2% en identificar SM en el mismo grupo de adolescentes.

ABSTRACT Objective. To determine the concordance between five diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome (MS) among teenagers from a Peruvian high Andes region. Materials and methods. A cross-sectional study was carried out with secondary data from an intervention study in two public schools in 2019. We included 397 teenagers who lived in the city of Cajamarca, in the Andean region of Peru. We applied the criteria from the Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP-III) modified by Cook, the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), the American Heart Association (AHA), Ferranti, and the World Health Organization (WHO). The point prevalence and interval prevalence were estimated with the five criteria. The Kappa concordance coefficient with an 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was estimated. Results. The Ferranti criterion identified 17.1% (95%CI: 13.4 to 20.8) of teenagers with MS, followed by the ATP-III criterion with 4.3% (95%CI: 2.3 to 6.3); the other criteria identified a lower frequency. The best concordance was found between the AHA and ATP-III criteria (k = 0.905); the WHO and IDF criteria had a coefficient of 0.628. The five criteria coincided in classifying six adolescents (1.5%) as MS. Conclusions. The AHA and ATP-III criteria modified by Cook had almost perfect concordance, which was also found for both sexes. The ATP-III, Ferranti, IDF, AHA and WHO criteria agree in less than 2% when identifying MS in the same group of adolescents.

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OBJECTIVE.: Motivation for the study. There are several criteria for metabolic syndrome in adolescents, each reporting different prevalence rates and not necessarily coinciding with each other. Main findings. We studied school children from the city of Cajamarca at 2750 meters above sea level. The five criteria for metabolic syndrome coincided in six of the 397 (1.5%) adolescents. The criteria generated prevalence rates ranging from 3.0% to 17.1%. The criteria with near perfect concordance were those from the American Heart Association criteria and those modified by Cook. Implications. The diagnosis of metabolic syndrome in adolescents is complex, even more so among those residing at high altitudes. . To determine the concordance between five diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome (MS) among teenagers from a Peruvian high Andes region. MATERIALS AND METHODS.: A cross-sectional study was carried out with secondary data from an intervention study in two public schools in 2019. We included 397 teenagers who lived in the city of Cajamarca, in the Andean region of Peru. We applied the criteria from the Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP-III) modified by Cook, the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), the American Heart Association (AHA), Ferranti, and the World Health Organization (WHO). The point prevalence and interval prevalence were estimated with the five criteria. The Kappa concordance coefficient with an 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was estimated. RESULTS.: The Ferranti criterion identified 17.1% (95%CI: 13.4 to 20.8) of teenagers with MS, followed by the ATP-III criterion with 4.3% (95%CI: 2.3 to 6.3); the other criteria identified a lower frequency. The best concordance was found between the AHA and ATP-III criteria (k = 0.905); the WHO and IDF criteria had a coefficient of 0.628. The five criteria coincided in classifying six adolescents (1.5%) as MS. CONCLUSIONS.: The AHA and ATP-III criteria modified by Cook had almost perfect concordance, which was also found for both sexes. The ATP-III, Ferranti, IDF, AHA and WHO criteria agree in less than 2% when identifying MS in the same group of adolescents.

OBJETIVO.: Determinar la concordancia entre cinco criterios diagnósticos de síndrome metabólico (SM) entre adolescentes residentes de una zona altoandina del Perú. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS.: Se realizó un estudio transversal con datos secundarios de un estudio de intervención en dos escuelas públicas en el año 2019. Participaron 397 adolescentes que residen en la ciudad de Cajamarca ubicada en la región andina del Perú. Se aplicaron cinco criterios diagnósticos: Third Adult Treatment Panel (ATP-III) modificados por Cook, de la Federación Internacional de Diabetes (IDF), de la American Heart Association (AHA), de Ferranti, y de la Organización Mundial de Salud (OMS). Se estimaron las prevalencias puntuales y de intervalo con los cinco criterios. Se estimó el coeficiente de concordancia de Kappa con su respectivo intervalo de confianza al 95% (IC 95%). RESULTADOS.: El criterio de Ferranti identificó un 17,1% (IC 95%: 13,4 a 20,8) de adolescentes con SM, seguido del criterio de la ATP-III con 4,3% (IC 95%: 2,3 a 6,3); los demás criterios identificaron una menor frecuencia. La mejor concordancia fue encontrada entre los criterios de la AHA y la ATP-III (k = 0,905), los criterios de la OMS e IDF tuvieron un coeficiente de 0,628. Los cinco criterios coincidieron en clasificar como SM a seis adolescentes (1,5%). CONCLUSIONES.: Los criterios de la AHA y la ATP-III modificados por Cook tuvieron una concordancia casi perfecta, que se mantuvo en ambos sexos. Los criterios ATP-III, de Ferranti, IDF, AHA y OMS concuerdan en menos del 2% en identificar SM en el mismo grupo de adolescentes.

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Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) can mitigate the effect of abiotic stresses on plant growth and development; however, the degree of plant response is host-specific. The present study aimed to assess the growth-promoting effect of Herbaspirillum (AP21, AP02), Azospirillum (D7), and Pseudomonas (N7) strains (single and co-inoculated) in perennial ryegrass plants subjected to drought. The plants were grown under controlled conditions and subjected to water deficit for 10 days. A significant increase of approximately 30% in dry biomass production was observed using three co-inoculation combinations (p < 0.01). Genomic analysis enabled the detection of representative genes associated with plant colonization and growth promotion. In vitro tests revealed that all the strains could produce indolic compounds and exopolysaccharides and suggested that they could promote plant growth via volatile organic compounds. Co-inoculations mostly decreased the in vitro-tested growth-promoting traits; however, the co-inoculation of Herbaspirillum sp. AP21 and Azospirillum brasilense D7 resulted in the highest indolic compound production (p < 0.05). Although the Azospirillum strain showed the highest potential in the in vitro and in silico tests, the plants responded better when PGPB were co-inoculated, demonstrating the importance of integrating in silico, in vitro, and in vivo assessment results when selecting PGPB to mitigate drought stress.

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BACKGROUND: Dysregulations of the WNT pathway are implicated in the malignant transformation of different types of neoplasia. WNT7A is expressed in normal peripheral lymphocytes, but is decreased in the tumoral counterpart. Furthermore, the treatment of leukemic cells with recombinant WNT7A decreases proliferation, suggesting its possible use as a therapeutic biomolecule. This study aimed to evaluate the concomitant action of WNT7A and different chemotherapeutic agents over proliferation and cell death of leukemia/ lymphoma derived cell lines. METHODS: Ectopic expression of WNT7A was induced in CEM and BJAB cell lines by using a lentiviral system. RNA expression was analyzed by microarrays and qPCR, and protein expression was determined by Western Blot. Cell proliferation was measured by cell counting, metabolic activity by WST-1 assay, cell death and DNA content by flow cytometry. RESULTS: WNT7A ectopic expression was shown to decrease cell proliferation, but the apoptosis rate of leukemic cells was not altered. Moreover, these cells acquired resistance to doxorubicin, vincristine and MG-132. Cell cycle analysis reveals a decrease in G1 and an increase in S and G2 phases with a further upregulation of senescence- associated genes. Microarray analysis reveals that most gene expression changes were related to cancer and metabolic associated pathways. All those changes appear to be independent of the WNT canonical pathway regulation. CONCLUSION: WNT7A negatively regulates cell proliferation in leukemic cell lines and promotes resistance to chemotherapeutic agents by inducing a senescence-like phenotype independently of the WNT canonical pathway.

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WNT signaling pathway regulates several processes involved in the homeostasis of normal cells. Its dysregulation is associated with pathological outcomes like cancer. We previously demonstrated that downregulation of WNT7A correlates with higher proliferation rates in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. However, the regulation of this gene in pathological and normal conditions remains unexplored. In this work, we aimed to analyze the transcriptional regulation of WNT7A in leukemic cells and in normal T lymphocytes after a proliferative stimulus. WNT7A expression was measured in blood cells and in T lymphocytes after phytohemagglutinin-L (PHA-L) treatment or T-cell receptor (TCR) activation by qPCR and Western blot. Promoter methylation was assessed using methylation-sensitive restriction enzymes, and histone modifications were determined by chromatin immunoprecipitation and qPCR. In T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), WNT7A expression is silenced through DNA methylation of CpG island in the promoter region. In normal peripheral blood cells, WNT7A is mainly expressed by monocytes and T lymphocytes. TCR activation induces the downregulation of WNT7A in normal T lymphocytes by changes in histone methylation marks (H3K4me2/3) and histone deacetylases. A proliferative stimulus mediated by IL-2 keeps WNT7A expression at low levels but in the absence of IL-2, the expression of this gene tends to be restored. Furthermore, after TCR activation and WNT7A downregulation, target genes associated with the WNT canonical pathway were upregulated indicating an independent activity of WNT7A from the WNT canonical pathway. WNT7A expression is silenced by long-term DNA methylation in T-ALL-derived cells and downregulated by histone modifications after TCR activation in normal T lymphocytes.

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OBJETIVO: Reconocer la percepción que tienen estudiantes de enfermería, en una Universidad del sur de Chile, respecto de los cuidados humanizados que entregan durante el año 2018. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Estudio cuantitativo, transversal, no experimental realizado en 2018 en 197 estudiantes, entre 18 y 25 años, de segundo a quinto año de enfermería, se autoadministra instrumento validado basado en los comportamientos humanizados: Caring Efficacy Scale (CES). RESULTADOS: El 73% de los futuros enfermeros poseen un alto grado de percepción de cuidados humanizados, el 26% una percepción regular y solo el 1% posee un bajo nivel de percepción de cuidados humanizados de su atención. Además, se comprobó que no existe diferencia en el género al momento de entregar cuidados humanizados y que a mayor nivel académico la percepción de cuidados humanizados también aumenta. CONCLUSIÓN: Al analizar las variables entre los comportamientos positivos y negativos, en relación con el género, se pudo comprobar que no existe significancia; sin embargo, en relación al nivel académico, se pudo determinar que mientras mayor es el nivel académico, mayor es la percepción del cuidado humanizado que poseen los estudiantes de enfermería.

OBJECTIVE: To recognize the perception that nursing student shave, in a University of southern Chile, regarding the humanized care they deliver during 2018. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Quantitative, cross-sectional, non-experimental study conducted in 2018 in 197 students, among 18 and 25 years, from second to fifth year of nursing, validated instrument is self-administered based on humanized behaviors: Caring Efficacy Scale (CES). RESULTS: 73% of future nurses have a high degree of perception of humanized care, 26% have a regular perception and only 1% have a low level of perception of humanized care of their care. In addition, it was found that there is no difference in gender when delivering humanized care and that at a higher academic level the perception of humanized care also increases. CONCLUSION: When analyzing the variables between positive and negative behaviors, in relation to gender, it was found that there is no significance; However, in relation to the academic level, it was determined that the higher the academic level, the greater the perception of the humanized care that nursing students possess.

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The aim of this study is to describe the presence of genes encoding for 4 virulence factors (pvl, eta, etb, and tsst), as well as the mecA gene conferring resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics, in patients with diabetes and a staphylococcal foot infection. We have also analyzed whether isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from bone infections have a different profile for these genes compared with those from exclusively soft tissue infections. In this cross-sectional study of a prospectively recruited series of patients admitted to the Diabetic Foot Unit, San Juan de Dios Hospital, San José, Costa Rica with a moderate or severe diabetic foot infection (DFI), we collected samples from infected soft tissue and from bone during debridement. During the study period (June 1, 2014 to May 31, 2016), we treated 379 patients for a DFI. S aureus was isolated from 101 wound samples, of which 43 were polymicrobial infections; we only included the 58 infections that were monomicrobial S aureus for this study. Infections were exclusively soft tissue in 17 patients (29.3%) while 41 (70.7%) had bone involvement (osteomyelitis). The mecA gene was detected in 35 cases (60.3%), pvl gene in 4 cases (6.9%), and tsst gene in 3 (5.2%). We did not detect etA and etB in any of the cases. There were no differences in the profile of S aureus genes encoding for virulence factors (pvl, etA, etB, and tsst) recovered from DFIs between those with just soft tissue compared to those with osteomyelitis. However, we found a significantly higher prevalence of pvl+ strains of S aureus associated with soft tissue compared with bone infections. Furthermore, we observed a significantly longer time to healing among patients infected with mecA+ (methicillin-resistant) S aureus (MRSA).

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Se reporta el caso de un paciente de 34 años, buzo de profesión, hospitalizado por presentar de forma súbita confusión, debilidad generalizada, dolor intenso seguido de paraplejía y retención urinaria luego de emerger rápidamente desde una profundidad aproximada de 42 metros. El paciente fue admitido 48 horas después del evento habiendo completado dos sesiones de terapia de descompresión. Al examen se evidenció paraplejía flácida arrefléxica con nivel sensitivo a nivel de D5 global, reflejo plantar extensor bilateral y retención urinaria. En la resonancia magnética se evidenció incremento del calibre medular con alteración de señal en su diámetro anteroposterior, el cual es visto como hiperintensidad heterogénea en la secuencia T2 y STIR desde D2 hasta D11, sin dilatación del canal medular, compatible con lesión isquémica secundaria a enfermedad descompresiva. Recibió tratamiento con sesiones de cámara hiperbárica y corticoterapia (metilprednisolona 1g EV por 5días) con respuesta parcial.Se comenta la baja incidencia de esta patología enfermedad descompresiva secundaria a un accidente de buceo) y las peculiaridades de su presentación clínica.

We report the case of a 34-year-old male patient, a professional diver hospitalized in connection with a clinical picture characterized by sudden onset of disorientation, generalized weakness, intense body pain followed by sudden paraplegia and urinary retention. These manifestations occurred after a rapid ascent (10 minutes) from a depth of about 42 meters. He was admitted after having received two sessions of decompression therapy. Physical examination revealed flaccid paraplegia, bilateral extensor plantar reflex, a D5 sensitive level. Magnetic resonance imaging showed an increase in the medullar gauge with alteration of its signal, both in anterior and posterior areas, seen as a heterogeneous hyperintensity in the sequence T2 and STIR from D2 to D11, without dilatation of the spinal canal, compatible with ischemic injury. The diagnosis of ischemic myelopathy secondary to decompressive disease was made, and the patient received treatment with a hyperbaric chamber and a short course of steroids (Methylprednisolone 1g EV for 5 days) with partial response.The case is presented, and comments are made regarding the low incidence of this pathology and the variety of clinical peculiarities in its presentation.

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Bacterial resistance to available antibiotics nowadays is a global threat leading researchers around the world to study new treatment modalities for infections. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has been considered an effective and promising therapeutic alternative in this scenario. Briefly, this therapy is based on the activation of a non-toxic photosensitizing agent, known as photosensitizer (PS), by light at a specific wavelength generating cytotoxic singlet oxygen and free radicals. Virtually all studies related to aPDT involve a huge screening to identify ideal PS concentration and light dose combinations, a laborious and time-consuming process that is hardly disclosed in the literature. Herein, we describe an antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT) study against Enterococcus faecalis and Propionibacterium acnes employing methylene blue, chlorin-e6 or curcumin as PS. Similarities and discrepancies between the two bacterial species were pointed out in an attempt to speed up and facilitate futures studies against those clinical relevant strains. Susceptibility tests were performed by the broth microdilution method. Our results demonstrate that aPDT mediated by the three above-mentioned PS was effective in eliminating both gram-positive bacteria, although P. acnes showed remarkably higher susceptibility to aPDT when compared to E. faecalis. PS uptake assays revealed that P. acnes is 80 times more efficient than E. faecalis in internalizing all three PS molecules. Our results evidence that the cell wall structure is not a limiting feature when predicting bacterial susceptibility to aPDT treatment.

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La mayoría de los médicos se auto-prescriben medicamentos, son pocos los que van a controles de salud, carecen de un médico de cabecera y solamente formalizan una atención clínica en situaciones consideradas graves; además, tienen dificultad para adaptarse al cambio de rol de médico a paciente. En algunos casos, el cambio de rol generó un aprendizaje para mejorar su práctica clínica. Los médicos desean intervenir activamente en el diagnóstico y manejo de sus problemas de salud, pero el autocuidado es pobre y la atención como paciente es informal. Quienes atienden a médicos enfermos, deben comprender los efectos psicológicos de afrontar la enfermedad, para brindar cuidados de salud en un marco de confianza.

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Herein, we report the synthesis of a double hydrazone capable of undergoing photochemical E/Z isomerization through the imine double bonds. The bis(hydrazone) 1-E,E can be considered as a "two-arm" system in which the controlled movement of each arm is obtained by photo-modulation, making possible the appearance of two isolable metastable isomeric states 1-E,Z and 1-Z,Z. Such states are characterized by very specific structural, optical, and electrochemical properties. The latter allows the reversible return from either 1-E,Z or 1-Z,Z to the 1-E,E state. Our results are of great importance in the further development of molecular machines and photochemically controlled reactions by introducing for the first time double hydrazones as tunable photochemical switches.

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Catalysis is a topic of continuous interest since it was discovered in chemistry centuries ago. Aiming at the advance of reactions for efficient processes, a number of approaches have been developed over the last 180 years, and more recently, porphyrins occupy an important role in this field. Porphyrins and metalloporphyrins are fascinating compounds which are involved in a number of synthetic transformations of great interest for industry and academy. The aim of this review is to cover the most recent progress in reactions catalysed by porphyrins in scalable procedures, thus presenting the state of the art in reactions of epoxidation, sulfoxidation, oxidation of alcohols to carbonyl compounds and C-H functionalization. In addition, the use of porphyrins as photocatalysts in continuous flow processes is covered.

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