RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Telemedicine became a relevant means to provide healthcare without face-to-face medical evaluation during the COVID-19 pandemic. AIM: To describe the effectiveness of telemedicine in vascular surgery. Materials and Methods: Review of medical records of all vascular surgery consultations carried out in a clinical hospital between April and October 2020. The main outcome measured was the resolution of the reason for consultation. Secondary outcomes were the need to request laboratory tests or imaging, the need to evaluate the patient in person, and the need for referral to hospitalization or emergency service. RESULTS: One hundred-six new consultations and their follow-up (remotely or in person) were analyzed. A definitive diagnosis could be reached in 74% of consultations, treatment could be instituted or modified in 69% of them, and the reason for consultation could be resolved in 74% of cases. Laboratory and imaging tests were requested in 36 and 63% of consultations, respectively. Four percent of patients were referred to the emergency department or hospitalization. Conclusions: In the vast majority of consultations, it was possible to achieve a definitive diagnosis, prescribe a treatment and resolve the reason for consultation without the need for a face-to-face medical evaluation.
Assuntos
Humanos , Telemedicina , COVID-19 , Encaminhamento e Consulta , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Vasculares , PandemiasRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Telemedicine became a relevant means to provide healthcare without face-to-face medical evaluation during the COVID-19 pandemic. AIM: To describe the effectiveness of telemedicine in vascular surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Review of medical records of all vascular surgery consultations carried out in a clinical hospital between April and October 2020. The main outcome measured was the resolution of the reason for consultation. Secondary outcomes were the need to request laboratory tests or imaging, the need to evaluate the patient in person, and the need for referral to hospitalization or emergency service. RESULTS: One hundred-six new consultations and their follow-up (remotely or in person) were analyzed. A definitive diagnosis could be reached in 74% of consultations, treatment could be instituted or modified in 69% of them, and the reason for consultation could be resolved in 74% of cases. Laboratory and imaging tests were requested in 36 and 63% of consultations, respectively. Four percent of patients were referred to the emergency department or hospitalization. CONCLUSIONS: In the vast majority of consultations, it was possible to achieve a definitive diagnosis, prescribe a treatment and resolve the reason for consultation without the need for a face-to-face medical evaluation.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Telemedicina , Humanos , Pandemias , Encaminhamento e Consulta , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos VascularesRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA) is an infrequent disease and demands a highly specialized and experienced management. Open repair (OR) is the gold standard but it is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Paraplegia and renal failure are the most important complications. AIM: To report our results with OR treatment of TAAA. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Descriptive study including all patients with TAAA operated electively and consecutively by OR between 1983 and 2019. Main outcomes are operative mortality, renal and neurological morbidity, and long-term survival. RESULTS: We report 45 operated patients aged 33 to 84 years, 74% males. Aneurysm extension according to Crawford classification was I in 18%, II in 18 %, III in 36% and IV in 29%. Operative mortality was 4%. The frequency of paraplegia or paraparesis at discharge was 9%. No patient was discharged on hemodialysis. Survival at 5 and 10 years were 60% and 40% respectively. CONCLUSIONS: OR of TAAA is a complex procedure. Our results show perioperative mortality rates comparable to highly experienced centers. Although being a major procedure, OR remains an alternative to treat this serious condition.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Aneurisma da Aorta Torácica/cirurgia , Aneurisma da Aorta Torácica/complicações , Implante de Prótese Vascular/efeitos adversos , Implante de Prótese Vascular/métodos , Paraplegia/cirurgia , Paraplegia/complicações , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA) is an infrequent disease and demands a highly specialized and experienced management. Open repair (OR) is the gold standard but it is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Paraplegia and renal failure are the most important complications. AIM: To report our results with OR treatment of TAAA. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Descriptive study including all patients with TAAA operated electively and consecutively by OR between 1983 and 2019. Main outcomes are operative mortality, renal and neurological morbidity, and long-term survival. RESULTS: We report 45 operated patients aged 33 to 84 years, 74% males. Aneurysm extension according to Crawford classification was I in 18%, II in 18 %, III in 36% and IV in 29%. Operative mortality was 4%. The frequency of paraplegia or paraparesis at discharge was 9%. No patient was discharged on hemodialysis. Survival at 5 and 10 years were 60% and 40% respectively. CONCLUSIONS: OR of TAAA is a complex procedure. Our results show perioperative mortality rates comparable to highly experienced centers. Although being a major procedure, OR remains an alternative to treat this serious condition.
Assuntos
Aneurisma da Aorta Torácica , Implante de Prótese Vascular , Aneurisma da Aorta Torácica/complicações , Aneurisma da Aorta Torácica/cirurgia , Implante de Prótese Vascular/efeitos adversos , Implante de Prótese Vascular/métodos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Paraplegia/complicações , Paraplegia/cirurgia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Giant cell arteritis is more common in women older than 60 years, is associated with systemic inflammation symptoms and mainly involves the aortic arch and cranial arteries, specially the temporal artery. Symptomatic lower extremity arterial stenosis or occlusion is uncommon and can lead to limb loss. We report a 73-year-old woman presenting with a one-month history of lower extremity intermittent claudication of sudden onset. She also complained of fever, malaise, headache and weight loss. A non-invasive vascular study showed moderate femoral popliteal occlusive disease, with and abnormal ankle-brachial index (0.68 and 0.83 on right and left sides, respectively). An angio-computed tomography showed thickening of the aortic wall and severe stenosis in both superficial femoral arteries. Steroidal treatment was started, and a temporal artery biopsy was performed confirming giant cell arteritis. Six weeks after steroid therapy the patient had a complete remission of symptoms. A serologic exacerbation was subsequently treated with a humanized monoclonal antibody against the interleukin-6 receptor Tocilizumab, obtaining long time remission.
Assuntos
Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Arterite de Células Gigantes , Artérias , Artérias Temporais , Arterite de Células Gigantes/complicações , Arterite de Células Gigantes/tratamento farmacológico , Índice Tornozelo-Braço , Isquemia/etiologia , Isquemia/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
Giant cell arteritis is more common in women older than 60 years, is associated with systemic inflammation symptoms and mainly involves the aortic arch and cranial arteries, specially the temporal artery. Symptomatic lower extremity arterial stenosis or occlusion is uncommon and can lead to limb loss. We report a 73-year-old woman presenting with a one-month history of lower extremity intermittent claudication of sudden onset. She also complained of fever, malaise, headache and weight loss. A non-invasive vascular study showed moderate femoral popliteal occlusive disease, with and abnormal ankle-brachial index (0.68 and 0.83 on right and left sides, respectively). An angio-computed tomography showed thickening of the aortic wall and severe stenosis in both superficial femoral arteries. Steroidal treatment was started, and a temporal artery biopsy was performed confirming giant cell arteritis. Six weeks after steroid therapy the patient had a complete remission of symptoms. A serologic exacerbation was subsequently treated with a humanized monoclonal antibody against the interleukin-6 receptor Tocilizumab, obtaining long time remission.
Assuntos
Arterite de Células Gigantes , Idoso , Índice Tornozelo-Braço , Artérias , Feminino , Arterite de Células Gigantes/complicações , Arterite de Células Gigantes/tratamento farmacológico , Humanos , Isquemia/diagnóstico por imagem , Isquemia/etiologia , Artérias TemporaisRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Pelvic venous insufficiency may cause pelvic congestion syndrome that is characterized by chronic pelvic pain exacerbated by prolonged standing, sexual activity or menstrual cycle. It may be treated by embolizing the dysfunctional pelvic venous drainage and sometimes resecting vulvar, perineal and thigh varices. AIM: To assess the results of embolization of insufficient pelvic or ovarian veins on pelvic congestion syndrome. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Analysis of 17 female patients aged 32 to 53 years, who underwent subjected to a selective coil embolization of insufficient pelvic and/or ovarian veins through the jugular, basilic or cephalic veins. In the preoperative period, all patients had a lower extremity venous duplex pelvic ultrasound examination and some had an abdominal and pelvic CT angiogram. RESULTS: The technical success of the procedure was 100% and no complications were registered. During a 32 month follow up, no patient had symptoms of pelvic venous insufficiency or relapse of vulvar or thigh varices. CONCLUSIONS: Embolization of insufficient pelvic and ovarian veins is a safe and successful procedure for the treatment of pelvic venous insufficiency or vulvar varices.
Assuntos
Embolização Terapêutica/métodos , Ovário/irrigação sanguínea , Dor Pélvica/terapia , Pelve/irrigação sanguínea , Varizes/terapia , Adulto , Dor Crônica , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ovário/diagnóstico por imagem , Dor Pélvica/diagnóstico por imagem , Pelve/diagnóstico por imagem , Flebografia/métodos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Estudos Retrospectivos , Síndrome , Resultado do Tratamento , Varizes/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
Background: Pelvic venous insufficiency may cause pelvic congestion syndrome that is characterized by chronic pelvic pain exacerbated by prolonged standing, sexual activity or menstrual cycle. It may be treated by embolizing the dysfunctional pelvic venous drainage and sometimes resecting vulvar, perineal and thigh varices. Aim: To assess the results of embolization of insufficient pelvic or ovarian veins on pelvic congestion syndrome. Material and Methods: Analysis of 17 female patients aged 32 to 53 years, who underwent subjected to a selective coil embolization of insufficient pelvic and/or ovarian veins through the jugular, basilic or cephalic veins. In the preoperative period, all patients had a lower extremity venous duplex pelvic ultrasound examination and some had an abdominal and pelvic CT angiogram. Results: The technical success of the procedure was 100% and no complications were registered. During a 32 month follow up, no patient had symptoms of pelvic venous insufficiency or relapse of vulvar or thigh varices. Conclusions: Embolization of insufficient pelvic and ovarian veins is a safe and successful procedure for the treatment of pelvic venous insufficiency or vulvar varices.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ovário/irrigação sanguínea , Pelve/irrigação sanguínea , Varizes/terapia , Dor Pélvica/terapia , Embolização Terapêutica/métodos , Ovário/diagnóstico por imagem , Pelve/diagnóstico por imagem , Síndrome , Varizes/diagnóstico por imagem , Flebografia/métodos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento , Dor Pélvica/diagnóstico por imagem , Dor CrônicaRESUMO
Androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS) is an X-linked disorder caused by mutations in the NR3C4 gene, which encodes the androgen receptor (AR). In this study, we performed mutational analyses to identify AR molecular defects, in individuals with 46,XY disorders of sex development (46,XY DSD) and a presumptive diagnosis of AIS. Eighteen different gene mutations, including seven previously unreported new variants, were detected in 26 unrelated cases. These included two deletion mutations (P49fs*185 and E308f*320) in exon 1 and five substitution mutations (p.S792P, p.D829G, p.R832P, p.L839F, and p.K906E) located in the steroid-binding domain. Expression analyses of mutants generated by site-directed mutagenesis indicated that these new gene variants impaired AR function by affecting its binding activity. Seventeen of 18 mutations likely lead to reduced or absent responses to androgens, which may in turn account for the different degrees of undermasculinization observed. Our study provides insight into the functional consequences of these mutations.
Assuntos
Síndrome de Resistência a Andrógenos/genética , Transtornos do Desenvolvimento Sexual/genética , Receptores Androgênicos/genética , Diferenciação Sexual/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Análise Mutacional de DNA , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , México , Mutação/genética , Adulto JovemRESUMO
INTRODUCCIÓN En el contexto de la evaluación de servicios hospitalarios, la incorporación de índices de gravedad permite tener una variable de control esencial para la comparación del desempeño en el tiempo y el espacio a través del llamado ajuste por riesgo. El índice de gravedad para servicios quirúrgicos, se construyó en 1999 y se validó como un índice general para estos servicios. Dieciséis años después el contexto hospitalario ha cambiado y se consideró necesaria una revalidación de este índice de gravedad que avale su utilidad actual. OBJETIVO Evaluar la validez y confiabilidad del índice de gravedad para servicios quirúrgicos, que avale su uso razonable en las condiciones actuales. MÉTODOS Se realizó una investigación descriptiva retrospectiva en el servicio de cirugía general del Hospital Clínico Quirúrgico Hermanos Ameijeiras en el segundo semestre del año 2010. Se revisaron las historias clínicas de 511 pacientes egresados de este servicio. Las variables utilizadas fueron las mismas del índice original con sus ponderaciones. Se evaluaron validez conceptual o de constructo, validez de criterio y confiabilidad interevaluadores así como consistencia interna del índice propuesto. RESULTADOS La validez de constructo se expresó en una asociación significativa entre el valor del índice de gravedad para servicios quirúrgicos y el estado al egreso. Se comprobó también correlación significativa, aunque débil, con la estadía hospitalaria. En cuanto a validez de criterio, la correlación entre el índice de gravedad propuesto y el índice de Horn fue de 0,722 (intervalo de confianza de 95%: 0,677-0,761); mientras que con el índice Physiological and Operative Severity Score for the enUmeration of Mortality and Morbidity (POSSUM) la correlación fue de 0,454 (intervalo de confianza de 95%: 0,388-0,514) con el riesgo de muerte y 0,539 (intervalo de confianza de 95%: 0,462-0,607) con el riesgo de morbilidad. La consistencia interna mostró α de Cronbach estandarizado de 0,8; la confiabilidad interevaluadores resultó en un coeficiente de confiabilidad de 0,98 para el índice de gravedad para servicios quirúrgicos cuantitativo y un coeficiente de κ ponderado global de 0,87 para el índice de gravedad para servicios quirúrgicos ordinal. CONCLUSIONES La validez y confiabilidad del índice propuesto fue adecuada en todos los aspectos evaluados. El índice de gravedad para servicios quirúrgicos puede utilizarse en el contexto original y es fácilmente adaptable a otros contextos.
INTRODUCTION In the context of the evaluation of hospital services, the incorporation of severity indices allows an essential control variable for performance comparisons in time and space through risk adjustment. The severity index for surgical services was developed in 1999 and validated as a general index for surgical services. Sixteen years later the hospital context is different in many ways and a revalidation was considered necessary to guarantee its current usefulness. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the validity and reliability of the surgical services severity index to warrant its reasonable use under current conditions. METHODS A descriptive study was carried out in the General Surgery service of the "Hermanos Ameijeiras" Clinical Surgical Hospital of Havana, Cuba during the second half of 2010. We reviewed the medical records of 511 patients discharged from this service. Items were the same as the original index as were their weighted values. Conceptual or construct validity, criterion validity and inter-rater reliability as well as internal consistency of the proposed index were evaluated. RESULTS Construct validity was expressed as a significant association between the value of the severity index for surgical services and discharge status. A significant association was also found, although weak, with length of hospital stay. Criterion validity was demonstrated through the correlations between the severity index for surgical services and other similar indices. Regarding criterion validity, the Horn index showed a correlation of 0.722 (95% CI: 0.677-0.761) with our index. With the POSSUM score, correlation was 0.454 (95% CI: 0.388-0.514) with mortality risk and 0.539 (95% CI: 0.462-0.607) with morbidity risk. Internal consistency yielded a standardized Cronbach's alpha of 0.8; inter-rater reliability resulted in a reliability coefficient of 0.98 for the quantitative index and a weighted global Kappa coefficient of 0.87 for the ordinal surgical index of severity for surgical services (IGQ). CONCLUSIONS The validity and reliability of the proposed index was satisfactory in all aspects evaluated. The surgical services severity index may be used in the original context and is easily adaptable to other contexts as well.
Assuntos
Humanos , Centro Cirúrgico Hospitalar , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Operatórios , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Variações Dependentes do Observador , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Cuba , Tempo de InternaçãoRESUMO
Background: Chronic mesenteric ischemia is observed in older people and is often due to atherosclerosis. Radiotherapy is an important risk factor for atherosclerosis. Aim: To report our experience with chronic mesenteric ischemia secondary to retroperitoneal radiotherapy. Material and methods: Review of medical records of four male patients aged 39 to 65 years, treated for chronic mesenteric ischemia secondary to para-aortic radiotherapy between 1993 and 2011. Results: All of them had the classic symptoms of ischemia characterized by post prandial abdominal pain and weight loss. One had also isolated diarrhea episodes. Revascularization was achieved with open or endovascular surgery, with good results during a follow up period ranging from two to 20 years. Conclusions: Surgical revascularization is a good treatment for chronic mesenteric ischemia secondary to radiotherapy.
Introducción: La insuficiencia mesentérica crónica es un diagnóstico infrecuente, generalmente secundario a enfermedad aterosclerótica, siendo considerada una enfermedad de pacientes añosos. Se sabe que la radioterapia es un factor de riesgo importante para aterosclerosis. Describimos nuestra experiencia en el manejo de la isquemia mesentérica crónica secundaria a radioterapia retroperitoneal. Materiales y métodos: Análisis retrospectivo de las fichas clínicas de los pacientes tratados en nuestro centro por insuficiencia mesentérica crónica posterior a radioterapia del territorio para-aórtico entre 1993 y 2011. Resultados: Un total de 4 pacientes de sexo masculino fueron identificados. Edad promedio: 49 +/- 12 años (rango 39-65). Todos presentaron los síntomas clásicos de insuficiencia mesentérica caracterizados por dolor abdominal postprandial y baja de peso. Uno de ellos además tenía episodios repetidos de diarrea. La revascularización mesentérica se obtuvo mediante cirugía abierta o endovascular con excelentes resultados a corto y largo plazo con un seguimiento promedio de 9,3 años (rango 2-20). Discusión: El curso acelerado de la aterosclerosis posterior a radioterapia se ha descrito en múltiples territorios vasculares. Síntomas de insuficiencia mesentérica crónica pueden ser malinterpretados en estos pacientes debido a su similitud con los síntomas observados en la ileitis actínica. Un diagnóstico y tratamiento oportuno son críticos para evitar complicaciones mayores y deterioro de calidad de vida de estos pacientes. Conclusión: La insuficiencia mesentérica crónica inducida por radioterapia es una condición infrecuente. El manejo con cirugía abierta o endovascular son seguras y otorgan resolución sintomática a largo plazo.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Isquemia Mesentérica/cirurgia , Isquemia Mesentérica/etiologia , Radioterapia/efeitos adversos , Lesões por Radiação/cirurgia , Artérias Mesentéricas/cirurgia , Doença Crônica , Procedimentos Endovasculares , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos VascularesRESUMO
Perforator vein incompetence is a specific form of lower extremitiy venous insufficiency characterized by localized hyperpigmentation, venous ulceration or recurrence of varicose veins. Surgical treatment ranges from the extensive conventional open subfascial ligation to percutaneous radiofrequency or laser techniques with unknown late outcome. A minimally invasive technique of subfascial ligation through small incisions described by Queral, with acceptable results, has been successfully used and improved in recent years by our group. Details of the technique and pre-operative managment are described.
La insuficiencia de venas perforantes es una forma de insuficiencia venosa de extremidades inferiores que se manifiesta por hiperpigmentación cutánea localizada, desarrollo de úlceras venosas o recurrencia de várices previamente operadas. Su tratamiento comprende desde cirugías cruentas como la ligadura subfascial abierta a técnicas percutáneas de radiofrecuencia o láser con resultados alejados desconocidos. Dentro de las técnicas mínimamente invasivas se encuentra la cirugía de ligadura subfascial de perforantes con mini-incisiones descrita por Queral, de eficacia demostrada y que hemos realizado y perfeccionado exitosamente en los últimos años. Se describen detalles de la técnica y de la planificación pre-operatoria de pacientes con esta patología.
Assuntos
Humanos , Insuficiência Venosa/cirurgia , Ligadura/métodos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Minimamente Invasivos , Perna (Membro)/irrigação sanguínea , Úlcera Varicosa/cirurgia , Técnicas de SuturaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) play a role as predictors of preeclampsia (PET) in pregnant women. METHODS: A retrospective case-control study was conducted in 2,002 singleton pregnancies that had a uterine artery (UtA) Doppler at 22-25 weeks and an OGTT. The UtA Doppler and OGTT were adjusted based on maternal characteristics, and the results were expressed as multiples of the expected normal median and compared between groups. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine whether maternal characteristics, OGTT, and UtA Doppler significantly contribute to the prediction of early- (<34 weeks), intermediate- (34-37 weeks), or late-onset (>37 weeks) PET. The performance of the screening was determined by ROC curves. RESULTS: Women who developed PET were characterized by an older maternal age, an increased body mass index, and an altered UtA Doppler. The group with intermediate-onset PET was the only one associated with higher 2-hour OGTT levels compared to controls. Combined models were developed via logistic regression analysis using maternal characteristics, UtA Doppler, and OGTT to predict PET. These combined models were able to detect around 74, 42, and 21% of women who later developed early-, intermediate-, or late-onset PET, respectively, with only a 5% false-positive rate. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that the combination of maternal characteristics, second-trimester UtA Doppler, and OGTT is a predictor of the development of PET in healthy pregnant women.
Assuntos
Teste de Tolerância a Glucose , Pré-Eclâmpsia/diagnóstico , Adulto , Índice de Massa Corporal , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Cesárea/estatística & dados numéricos , Diabetes Gestacional/epidemiologia , Feminino , Idade Gestacional , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Idade Materna , Pré-Eclâmpsia/epidemiologia , Gravidez , Nascimento Prematuro/epidemiologia , Curva ROC , Estudos Retrospectivos , Ultrassonografia , Artéria Uterina/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of cervical length (CL) and uterine artery pulsatility index (UtA-PI) at 11+0 to 13+6 weeks as predictors of spontaneous preterm delivery (sPTD) in a Chilean population. METHODS: This was a prospective study of asymptomatic women with singleton pregnancies attending for a nuchal translucency scan at 11+0 to 13+6 weeks' gestation and who underwent a transvaginal scan for evaluation of CL and UtA-PI. Exclusion criteria were fetal and pregnancy complications (other than sPTD) and iatrogenic delivery at<34 weeks. Measurements of CL and UtA-PI were adjusted for fetal crown-rump length and maternal characteristics and expressed as multiples of the median (MoM) of the unaffected group. Prediction of sPTD using maternal and pregnancy characteristics was studied using logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: A total of 3480 women were recruited into the study and, after application of exclusion criteria, 3310 were included in the analysis. The rate of sPTD at<34 weeks was 0.9% (n=31). A previous PTD had occurred in 7.4% of parous women. Patients with sPTD in the index pregnancy were characterized by a significantly higher prevalence of previous PTD (12.9% vs 3.7%, P<0.05). No significant difference was found in either CL or UtA-PI between pregnancies with and without subsequent sPTD. Logistic regression analysis showed that smoking and previous PTD were significantly associated with sPTD at<34 weeks. The combination of these characteristics provided a detection rate of 26% with a false-positive rate of 8%. CONCLUSIONS: Neither UtA-PI nor CL during the first trimester was shown to be a useful predictor of early sPTD. However, a combined model that includes smoking and previous PTD predicts approximately one-quarter of those women destined to deliver at<34 weeks, with a false-positive rate of 8%.
Assuntos
Colo do Útero/diagnóstico por imagem , Trabalho de Parto Prematuro/diagnóstico por imagem , Insuficiência Placentária/diagnóstico por imagem , Complicações na Gravidez/diagnóstico por imagem , Nascimento Prematuro , Artéria Uterina/diagnóstico por imagem , Útero/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto , Colo do Útero/patologia , Estatura Cabeça-Cóccix , Reações Falso-Positivas , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Medição da Translucência Nucal , Insuficiência Placentária/patologia , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Gravidez , Primeiro Trimestre da Gravidez , Estudos Prospectivos , Fluxo Pulsátil , Curva ROC , Sensibilidade e EspecificidadeRESUMO
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma can spread locally to neighboring organs in the mediastinum. When it invades the aorta, the patient may develop an aorto esophageal fistula (AEF), complication that carries a high mortality rate. We report a 62-year-old male with stage IV esophageal carcinoma who, after chemo radiation treatment, developed an AEF. He was successfully treated with the use of an aortic endograft. The patient died 13 months later due to progression of his cancer, without evidence of sepsis or new bleeding episodes.
Assuntos
Doenças da Aorta/etiologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/complicações , Fístula Esofágica/etiologia , Neoplasias Esofágicas/complicações , Fístula Vascular/etiologia , Doenças da Aorta/cirurgia , Procedimentos Endovasculares , Fístula Esofágica/cirurgia , Evolução Fatal , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fístula Vascular/cirurgiaRESUMO
Introduction: An aberrant right subclavian artery is the most frequent aortic arch malformation. It is frequently an incidental finding of imaging studies and serious complications may arise if left untreated. Clinical case: We present a case of a young woman with a dilated aberrant right subclavian artery that was successfully treated by a hybrid approach.
Introducción: La arteria subclavia derecha aberrante es la malformación arterial más frecuente del arco aórtico. Su diagnóstico es habitualmente un hallazgo de estudios de imágenes solicitados por otras causas pero puede tener serias complicaciones si se obtiene en forma tardía. Caso clínico: Presentamos el caso de una mujer joven con diagnóstico de arteria subclavia lusoria dilatada sometida exitosamente a tratamiento híbrido electivo.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Artéria Subclávia/anormalidades , Artéria Subclávia/cirurgia , Procedimentos Endovasculares/métodos , Aneurisma/cirurgiaRESUMO
Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma can spread locally to neighboring organs in the mediastinum. When it invades the aorta, the patient may develop an aorto esophageal fistula (AEF), complication that carries a high mortality rate. We report a 62-year-old male with stage IV esophageal carcinoma who, after chemo radiation treatment, developed an AEF. He was successfully treated with the use of an aortic endograft. The patient died 13 months later due to progression of his cancer, without evidence of sepsis or new bleeding episodes.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças da Aorta/etiologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/complicações , Fístula Esofágica/etiologia , Neoplasias Esofágicas/complicações , Fístula Vascular/etiologia , Doenças da Aorta/cirurgia , Procedimentos Endovasculares , Fístula Esofágica/cirurgia , Evolução Fatal , Fístula Vascular/cirurgiaRESUMO
PURPOSE: To compare the efficacy of nifedipine and fenoterol in the management of threatened preterm labor (TPL). METHODS: A randomized and multicenter study assessing the tocolytic effect of nifedipine versus fenoterol in patients admitted to the participating maternity units with a diagnosis of TPL and a cost-savings study for economic assessment. For a power of 80% and an α error equal to 0.05, 132 consecutive patients were recruited during the study period; 66 patients were assigned to each group. A χ(2) analysis and a mean differences test were performed according to variable types and survival curves per intention-to-treat. RESULTS: Demographics were similar in both groups. The latency period was similar in both groups (26.7 vs. 25.6; p = 0.3). There were no differences in the results obtained. Nifedipine failed more frequently to obtain tocolysis when used as a first-line agent (80 vs. 90%, p = 0.0001). The group treated with fenoterol showed more drug adverse events (57.8 vs. 19.0%, p = 0.0001). The economic assessment did not evidence a significant difference in terms of cost savings between groups treated with either drug. CONCLUSION: The present study failed to demonstrate either clinical or economic superiority of any of the two drugs used in TPL management. The highest failure percentage of nifedipine when used as a first-line agent should encourage further research.