RESUMO
Introducción: La escisión completa del mesocolon con linfadenectomía D3 (CME-D3) mejora los resultados de los pacientes operados por cáncer del colon. Reconocer adecuadamente la anatomía vascular es fundamental para evitar complicaciones. Objetivo: El objetivo primario fue determinar la prevalencia de las variaciones anatómicas de la arteria mesentérica superior (AMS) y sus ramas en relación a la vena mesentérica superior (VMS). El objetivo secundario fue evaluar la asociación entre las distintas variantes anatómicas y el sexo y la etnia de lo pacientes. Diseño: Estudio de corte transversal. Material y métodos: Se incluyeron 225 pacientes con cáncer del colon derecho diagnosticados entre enero 2017 y diciembre de 2020. Dos radiólogos independientes describieron la anatomía vascular observada en las tomografías computadas. Según la relación de las ramas de la AMS con la VMS, la población fue dividida en 2 grupos y subdividida en 6 (1a-c, 2a-c). Resultados: La arteria ileocólica fue constante, transcurriendo en el 58,7% de los casos por la cara posterior de la VMS. La arteria cólica derecha, presente en el 39,6% de los pacientes, cruzó la VMS por su cara anterior en el 95,5% de los casos. La variante de subgrupo más frecuente fue la 2a seguida por la 1a (36,4 y 24%, respectivamente). No se encontró asociación entre las variantes anatómicas y el sexo u origen étnico. Conclusión: Las variaciones anatómicas de la AMS y sus ramas son frecuentes y no presentan un patrón predominante. No hubo asociación entre las mismas y el sexo u origen étnico en nuestra cohorte. El reconocimiento preoperatorio de estas variantes mediante angiotomografía resulta útil para evitar lesiones vasculares durante la CME-D3. (AU)
Background: Complete mesocolic excision with D3 lymphadenectomy (CME-D3) improves the outcomes of patients operated on for colon cancer. Proper recognition of vascular anatomy is essential to avoid complications. Aim: Primary outcome was to determine the prevalence of anatomical variations of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and its branches in relation to the superior mesenteric vein (SMV). Secondary outcome was to evaluate the association between these anatomical variations and sex and ethnicity of the patients. Design: Cross-sectional study. Material and methods: Two hundred twenty-fivepatients with right colon cancer diagnosed between January 2017 and December 2020 were included. Two independent radiologists described the vascular anatomy of computed tomography scans. The population was divided into 2 groups and subdivided into 6 groups (1a-c, 2a-c), according to the relationship of the SMA and its branches with the SMV. Results: The ileocolic artery was constant, crossing the SMV posteriorly in 58.7% of the cases. The right colic artery, present in 39.6% of the patients, crossed the SMV on its anterior aspect in 95.5% of the cases. The most frequent subgroup variant was 2a followed by 1a (36.4 and 24%, respectively). No association was found between anatomical variants and gender or ethnic origin. Conclusions: The anatomical variations of the SMA and its branches are common, with no predominant pattern. There was no association between anatomical variations and gender or ethnic origin in our cohort. Preoperative evaluation of these variations by computed tomography angi-ography is useful to avoid vascular injuries during CME-D3. (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Neoplasias do Colo/cirurgia , Colo Ascendente/anatomia & histologia , Colo Ascendente/irrigação sanguínea , Excisão de Linfonodo , Mesocolo/cirurgia , Argentina , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Estudos Transversais , Artéria Mesentérica Superior/anatomia & histologia , Distribuição por Sexo , Colectomia/métodos , Distribuição por Etnia , Variação Anatômica , Veias Mesentéricas/anatomia & histologiaRESUMO
PURPOSE: Recently, treatment of Hinchey III diverticulitis by laparoscopic peritoneal lavage has been questioned. Moreover, long-term outcomes have been scarcely reported. Primary outcome was to determine the recurrence rate of diverticulitis after a successful laparoscopic peritoneal lavage in Hinchey III diverticulitis. Secondary outcomes were identification of associated risk factors for recurrence and elective sigmoidectomy rate. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study in a tertiary referral center was performed. Patients with Hinchey III diverticulitis who underwent a successful laparoscopic peritoneal lavage between June 2006 and December 2019 were eligible. Diverticulitis recurrence was analyzed according to the Kaplan-Meier and log-rank test, censoring for death, loss of follow-up, or elective sigmoid resection in the absence of recurrence. Risk factors for recurrence were identified using Cox regression analysis. RESULTS: Sixty-nine patients had a successful laparoscopic peritoneal lavage (mean age: 63 years; 53.6% women). Four patients had an elective sigmoid resection without recurrences. Recurrence rate was 42% (n = 29) after a median follow-up of 63 months. The cumulative global recurrence at 1, 3, and 5 years was 30% (95% CI, 20-43%), 37.5% (95% CI, 27-51%), and 48.9% (95% CI, 36-64%), respectively. Smoking (HR, 2.87; 95% CI, 1.22-6.5; p = 0.016) and episodes of diverticulitis prior to laparoscopic peritoneal lavage (HR, 5.2; 95% CI, 2.11-12.81; p < 0.001) were independently associated with an increased risk of recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Diverticulitis recurrence after a successful laparoscopic peritoneal lavage is high, decreasing after the first year of follow-up. Smoking and previous episodes of acute diverticulitis independently increase the risk of new episodes of diverticulitis.
Assuntos
Doença Diverticular do Colo , Diverticulite , Perfuração Intestinal , Laparoscopia , Peritonite , Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Masculino , Doença Diverticular do Colo/complicações , Lavagem Peritoneal/efeitos adversos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Diverticulite/terapia , Fatores de Risco , Laparoscopia/efeitos adversos , Peritonite/etiologia , Peritonite/cirurgia , Perfuração Intestinal/cirurgia , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Colorectal anastomotic stricture is a frequent complication that may affect up to 30% of patients. However, a complete obstruction is rare. Endoscopic balloon dilation is the first-line therapy, but it invariably requires being able to cross the stricture with the dilation device. When this is not possible, surgical revision is the alternative, but it is associated with higher morbidity. CASE PRESENTATION: A 76-year-old male patient underwent an urgent high anterior resection with transverse loop colostomy for an occlusive high rectal tumor. On postoperative day 8, he presented with anastomotic leakage and abscess formation, requiring percutaneous drainage. Ten months after surgery, a colonoscopy revealed a complete stricture of the anastomosis, refractory to negotiation of a guide wire, thus precluding balloon dilation. Hence, a modified rendezvous technique was planned. Simultaneously, a flexible endoscope and a rigid rectoscope were progressed through the distal loop colostomy, and the anus, respectively. A needle device was introduced through the rectoscope and used to pierce the colonic stump. A guide wire was progressed, and the stricture was dilated with a controlled radial expansion balloon catheter. Finally, a 12-Fr Foley catheter was left through the anastomosis. A total of three endoscopic balloon dilation sessions were completed, and successful colostomy reversal was carried out 10 days after the last session. CONCLUSION: Fluoroscopy-endoscopy-guided recanalization is an effective and safe treatment option for complete colorectal anastomotic stricture.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Retais , Reto , Idoso , Anastomose Cirúrgica , Colonoscopia , Fluoroscopia , Humanos , Masculino , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Reto/cirurgiaRESUMO
Los contenidos de este capítulo se basan en la 3a edición de las Clínicas Quirúrgicas de Cáncer Colorrectal. C. Vaccaro y N. Peralta. del hospital ediciones 2020 (en prensa)
Assuntos
Neoplasias Colorretais/genética , Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Medicina de Precisão/tendências , Farmacogenética/tendências , Neoplasias Colorretais/etiologia , Neoplasias Colorretais/terapia , Epidemiologia Molecular/tendências , Mutação , Metástase Neoplásica/genética , Metástase Neoplásica/terapiaRESUMO
El objetivo de este trabajo fue caracterizar demográfica y molecularmente las familias con diagnóstico de síndrome de Lynch en base a estudios genéticos. Se utilizó la base prospectiva del Registro de Epidemiología Molecular de Cáncer Colorrectal (REM-CCR) del Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires (Clinical trials.gov NCT02781337). El criterio de inclusión fue que tuvieran hecho un estudio genético entre 1996 y 2017 (secuenciación y/o determinación de grandes rearreglos de al menos un gen reparador de error de apareamiento). Se analizaron 50 familias con los criterios de Amsterdam. En 23 (46%) se identificaron variantes patogénicas (n=19) y probablemente patogénicas (n=2). El 28.6% de las variantes patogénicas fueron originalmente descritas en esta serie, entre ellas la variante c.1911del en el exón 12 de MSH2 identificada en una familia con agregación de cáncer de mama. Fue identificada una mutación fundadora de Piamonte, Italia (c.2252_2253del). Los genes afectados incluyeron MSH2 (13 variantes) MLH1 (9 variantes) y PMS2 (1 variante). La tasa de detección de mutaciones fue del 46%. Entre las familias con mutación identificada (n=23), se detectó una edad mediana de inicio del cáncer menor (46 vs. 50 años, p=0.02) y mayor incidencia de tumores extra-colorrectales (90.5% vs. 45.8%, p <0.01), que las 27 sin mutaciones. La implementación de estudios genéticos permitió caracterizar variables demográficas en base a la identificación de mutaciones germinales asociadas al síndrome de Lynch, identificándose dos grupos diferenciados por la edad de afectación y la incidencia de tumores extracolónicos (AU)
The aim of this study was to characterize demographically and molecularly families diagnosed with Lynch syndrome based on genetic studies. Families with a genetic study performed between 1996 and 2017 (sequencing and/or determination of large rearrangements of a mismatch repair gene at least) were selected from the prospective database REM-CCR of Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires (Clinical trials. Gov NCT02781337). Fifty families fulfilled Amsterdam criteria were analyzed. Pathogenic variants were found in 23 out of 50 (46%) families, being 21 pathogenic and 2 likely pathogenic. The 28.6% of the pathogenic variants were originally described in this series. Among them, the variant c.1911del in MSH2 in a family with breast cancer aggregation and a founder MLH1 mutation from Piedmont, Italy (c.2252_2253del) were identified. Affected genes include MSH2 (13 variants), MLH1 (9 variants), PMS2 (1 variant). Mutations detection rates was 46%. Those families with an identified mutation (n=23) had a lower median age of cancer onset (46 vs. 50 years, p=0.02) and a higher incidence of extra-colorectal tumors (90.5% vs. 45.8%, p<0.01) than those without identified mutations (n=27). The implementation of genetic studies allowed characterizing demographic variables based on the identification of germline mutations associated with Lynch syndrome. Two groups, Síndrome de Lynch: impacto de la caracterización de familias en base a estudios genéticos 3 differentiated by the age of cancer onset and the incidence of extracolonic tumors were characterized (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Neoplasias Colorretais Hereditárias sem Polipose/diagnóstico , Estudos de Associação Genética , Mutação em Linhagem Germinativa , Estudo ObservacionalRESUMO
PURPOSE: To compare the intraoperative and postoperative outcomes between right laparoscopic colectomy (RLC) and left laparoscopic colectomy (LLC) for colon cancer. METHOD: Patients who underwent elective RLC or LLC for colon cancer between January 2004 and December 2014 were identified and elected for a retrospective analysis. Primary outcomes were technical difficulty (including operative time, intraoperative complications, and conversion rate) and postoperative outcome (including postoperative complications, length of hospital stay, reinterventions, readmissions, and mortality). RESULTS: A total of 547 patients (mean age: 68.5 years old; 48.4% males) were analyzed. The RLC group had a higher mean age (71 vs 65; p < 0.001), ASA 3/4 grade (36 vs 26%; p = 0.02), and comorbidity rate (61 vs 48%, p = 0.003). Regarding technical difficulty, no difference was found between the groups in intraoperative complications (4.1 vs 5.9%; p = 0.34) or conversion rate (6.2 vs 3.9%, p = 0.24). Mean operative time was significantly shorter for RLC (162 vs 185 min, p < 0.001). Regarding postoperative outcome, the RLC group had a higher overall morbidity (20.5 vs 13.3%, p = 0.03), ileus (10.6 vs 2.4%, p < 0.001), and a longer hospital stay (4.7 vs 3.9 days, p = 0.003), with no differences regarding reoperations, readmissions, or mortality. The multivariate analysis showed that RLC were independently associated with a longer operative time and postoperative ileus. CONCLUSIONS: RLC for colon cancer was independently associated with a shorter operative time, an increased risk of ileus, and a longer hospital stay than left laparoscopic colectomy in high-volume centers.
Assuntos
Colectomia , Neoplasias do Colo/cirurgia , Laparoscopia , Adulto , Idoso , Demografia , Feminino , Humanos , Complicações Intraoperatórias/etiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
After decades of unawareness about Lynch syndrome, the medical community in South America is increasingly interested and informed. The visits and support of mentors like H. T. Lynch had been crucial to this awakening. Several countries have at least one registry with skilled personnel in genetic counseling and research. However, this only represents a very restricted resource for the region. According to the GETH, there are 27 hereditary cancer care centers in South America (21 in Brazil, 3 in Argentina, 1 in Uruguay, 1 in Chile and 1 in Peru). These registries differ in fundamental aspects of function, capabilities and funding, but are able to conduct high quality clinical, research and educational activities due to the dedication and personal effort of their members, and organizational support. More support from the governments as well as the participation of the community would boost the initiatives of people leading these groups. Meantime, the collaboration among the South American registries and the involvement of registries and leaders from developed countries will allow to maximize the efficiency in caring for affected patients and their families. The aim of this article is to describe how the knowledge of LS began to be spread in South America, how the first registries were organized and to summarize the current state of progress. In addition, we will provide an update of the clinical and molecular findings in the region.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Colorretais Hereditárias sem Polipose/genética , Aconselhamento Genético/estatística & dados numéricos , Aconselhamento Genético/tendências , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Testes Genéticos , Sistema de Registros/estatística & dados numéricos , Neoplasias Colorretais Hereditárias sem Polipose/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Colorretais Hereditárias sem Polipose/epidemiologia , Mutação em Linhagem Germinativa , América do Sul/epidemiologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Over the past few years, the laparoscopic peritoneal lavage has emerged as a therapeutic alternative to standard resection procedures. However, its effectiveness and applicability remain debatable. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess laparoscopic lavage in controlling abdominal sepsis secondary to purulent peritonitis. DESIGN: This study was conducted as a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data. SETTING: This study was conducted at a single tertiary care institution. PATIENTS: Patients requiring emergency surgery for perforated diverticulitis and generalized peritonitis between June 2006 and June 2013 were identified from a prospective database. Laparoscopic assessment was considered in all of the hemodynamically stable patients, and laparoscopic lavage was performed according to intraoperative strict criteria. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary outcomes were the effectiveness and applicability of laparoscopic lavage. Secondarily, feasibility, morbidity, and mortality were also assessed. RESULTS: Seventy-five patients required emergency surgery for generalized peritonitis secondary to perforated diverticulitis. Forty-six patients who underwent laparoscopy presented a purulent generalized (Hinchey III) peritonitis and were examined under the intention-to-treat basis to perform a laparoscopic lavage. Thirty-two patients (70.0%; 95% CI 56.2-82.7) had no previous episodes of diverticulitis. Thirty-six patients (78.0%; 95% CI 66.3-90.1) had free air on a CT scan. The conversion rate was 4% (95% CI 0-10). The feasibility of the method was 96.0% (95% CI 90.4-100), and its applicability was 59.0% (95% CI 44.8-73.2). Median operative time was 89 minutes (range, 40-200 minutes). Postoperative morbidity was 24.0% (95% CI 11.7-36.3), and the mortality rate was 0%. We registered 5 failures, and all of them underwent reoperation. The effectiveness of the procedure was 85% (95% CI 76-93). LIMITATIONS: This was a single-institution retrospective study. CONCLUSIONS: The effectiveness of laparoscopic lavage seems to be high. Although its applicability is lower, it could be applied in more than half of patients requiring emergency surgery. This alternative strategy should be considered when laparoscopic assessment reveals Hinchey III diverticulitis.
Assuntos
Doença Diverticular do Colo , Perfuração Intestinal , Laparoscopia , Lavagem Peritoneal , Peritonite , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Idoso , Argentina/epidemiologia , Doença Diverticular do Colo/classificação , Doença Diverticular do Colo/complicações , Doença Diverticular do Colo/mortalidade , Doença Diverticular do Colo/fisiopatologia , Doença Diverticular do Colo/cirurgia , Estudos de Viabilidade , Feminino , Humanos , Perfuração Intestinal/etiologia , Perfuração Intestinal/cirurgia , Laparoscopia/efeitos adversos , Laparoscopia/métodos , Laparoscopia/estatística & dados numéricos , Masculino , Mortalidade , Duração da Cirurgia , Lavagem Peritoneal/efeitos adversos , Lavagem Peritoneal/métodos , Lavagem Peritoneal/estatística & dados numéricos , Peritonite/diagnóstico , Peritonite/etiologia , Peritonite/fisiopatologia , Peritonite/cirurgia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/diagnóstico , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Reoperação , Estudos Retrospectivos , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Supuração , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The advantages associated with the laparoscopic approach are lost when conversion is required. Available predictive models have failed to show external validation. Body surface area is a recently described risk factor not included in these models. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to develop a clinical rule including body surface area for predicting conversion in patients undergoing elective laparoscopic colorectal surgery. DESIGN: This was a prospective cohort study. SETTING: This study was conducted at a single large tertiary care institution. PATIENTS: Nine hundred sixteen patients (mean age, 63.9; range, 14-91 years; 53.2% female) who underwent surgery between January 2004 and August 2011 were identified from a prospective database. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Conversion rate was analyzed related to age, sex, obesity, disease location (colon vs rectum), type of disease (neoplastic vs nonneoplastic), history of previous surgery, and body surface area. A predictive model for conversion was developed with the use of logistic regression to identify independently associated variables, and a simple clinical prediction rule was derived. Internal validation of the model was performed by using bootstrapping. RESULTS: The conversion rate was 9.9% (91/916). Rectal disease, large patient size, and male sex were independently associated with higher odds of conversion (OR, 2.28 95%CI, 1.47-3.46]), 1.88 [1.1-3.44], and 1.87 [1.04-3.24]). The prediction rule identified 3 risk groups: low risk (women and nonlarge males), average risk (large males with colon disease), and high risk (large males with rectal disease). Conversion rates among these groups were 5.7%, 11.3%, and 27.8% (p < 0.001). Compared with the low-risk group, ORs for average- and high-risk groups were 2.17 (1.30-3.62, p = 0.004) and 6.38 (3.57-11.4, p < 0.0001). LIMITATIONS: The study was limited by the lack of external validation. CONCLUSION: This predictive model, including body surface area, stratifies patients with different conversion risks and may help to inform patients, to select cases in the early learning curve, and to evaluate the standard of care. However, this prediction rule needs to be externally validated in other samples (see Video, Supplemental Digital Content 1, http://links.lww.com/DCR/A137).
Assuntos
Superfície Corporal , Colectomia/métodos , Conversão para Cirurgia Aberta , Técnicas de Apoio para a Decisão , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Eletivos , Laparoscopia , Reto/cirurgia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Doenças do Colo/cirurgia , Conversão para Cirurgia Aberta/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Multivariada , Seleção de Pacientes , Estudos Prospectivos , Curva ROC , Doenças Retais/cirurgia , Medição de Risco , Fatores de Risco , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Laparoscopic total mesorectal excision (TME) has proven to be feasible and safe. However, it represents a major technical challenge, since it involves the dissection of the rectum in a confined space such as the bony pelvis using un-ergonomic surgical devices. This difficulty is accentuated in patients with distal tumors and high body mass index (BMI), in which the surgical margins and the hypogastric nerves may be affected. Therefore, robotic surgery aims to overcome these limitations that conspire against the mininvasive surgical approach of rectal cancer. We present an obese (BMI = 32 kg/m2) 82-year-old man with a history of smoking and prostate cancer that was recently diagnosed with a middle rectal adenocarcinoma at 9 cm from the anal verge. Rectal examination evidenced a mobile lesion. Computed tomography scan ruled out metastases and at the local staging by MRI, the tumor was considered as T3-N0 with free circumferential margins. Surgical treatment was decided and a hybrid technique was used combining an initial laparoscopic approach followed by the robotic TME. The patient had a full recovery and was discharged three days after surgery without complications. Pathological examination revealed a low-grade adenocarcinoma with mesorectal invasion, free circumferential and distal margins, and 24 negative lymph nodes (pT3-pN0-pM0/Stage II). Robotic TME was performed safely in an obese patient. It facilitated dissection maneuvers in a confined space with proper identification and preservation of the hypogastric nerves, allowing retrieving an intact mesorectum. Prospective randomized trials will define the role of this new technology.
Assuntos
Laparoscopia/métodos , Neoplasias Retais/cirurgia , Robótica/métodos , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Obesidade/complicações , Neoplasias Retais/complicações , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The present study aims to examine the feasibility and safety of a two-day hospital stay after laparoscopic colorectal resection (LCR) under an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) pathway. METHODS: Between 2003 and 2010, 882 consecutive patients undergoing LCR were analyzed. Patients were grouped and analyzed according to whether their hospital stay was 2 days (group A) or longer (group B). Demographic, surgical, and postoperative data were compared. To identify independent predictive factors related to a short hospital stay, a multivariate analysis was also performed. RESULTS: Group A represented 10.3 % of this series (91 patients). There were no differences regarding age, gender, BMI, ASA, and previous abdominal surgeries between groups. Group A had a lower incidence of rectal cancer and anterior resections than group B (6.6 vs. 17.7 % [p = 0.006] and 14.3 vs. 23.4 % [p = 0.048]), respectively, and a lower mean operative time (170 min vs. 192 min; p = 0.002). Group A had a lower overall morbidity rate than group B (5.5 vs. 16.9 %; p = 0.004) and a lower incidence of surgery-related complications (5.5 vs. 14.9 %; p = 0.001). The overall conversion rate was 10 % (only one patient in group A required conversion), and the difference in conversion rate between groups was statistically significant (1.2 vs. 10.7 %; p = 0.003). Group A had a lower readmission rate (0 vs. 4.9 %; p = 0.089). Multivariate analysis showed that conversion, postoperative morbidity, and rectal prolapse were independently associated with the length of hospital stay. CONCLUSIONS: A two-day hospital stay after LCR is safe and feasible under an ERAS pathway, without compromising the readmission or complication rate.
Assuntos
Colectomia/reabilitação , Doenças do Colo/cirurgia , Laparoscopia/reabilitação , Tempo de Internação/estatística & dados numéricos , Assistência Perioperatória/métodos , Doenças Retais/cirurgia , Reto/cirurgia , Idoso , Colectomia/métodos , Conversão para Cirurgia Aberta/estatística & dados numéricos , Procedimentos Clínicos , Técnicas de Apoio para a Decisão , Estudos de Viabilidade , Feminino , Humanos , Análise de Intenção de Tratamento , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Modelos Estatísticos , Análise Multivariada , Readmissão do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Análise de Regressão , Fatores de Risco , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Iliopsoas abscess remains a rare condition. Together with a decreasing incidence of tuberculosis infection, pyogenic iliopsoas abscess (PIPA) has become relatively more frequent and represents more than half of iliopsoas abscesses. OBJECTIVE: To analyze presentation, treatment, and outcomes in a series of patients with diagnosis of PIPA. DESIGN: Retrospective. SETTINGS: A single tertiary care institution. PATIENTS: A series of 34 consecutive patients with diagnosis of PIPA treated between 2001 and 2010 at the Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Analyzed variables were: age, sex, diagnostic modality, clinical presentation, and treatment outcomes. RESULTS: Primary and secondary abscess occurred in 20.6% and 79.4%, respectively. The leading cause of PIPA was spondylodiscitis (38%) and computed tomography was the preferred diagnostic modality (87%). Most common presentation was left unilateral abscess in 66% of patients and most frequent isolated bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus. Fifteen patients (44%) received antibiotics as initial treatment with an initial failure rate of 80%; 11 of 15 patients required a second treatment. Sixteen patients (47%) underwent percutaneous drainage (PD) as first line treatment with a success rate of 50%. However, success rate of PD, increased to 100% after 2 drainages. Three patients were surgically drained without success (0 of 3 patients). Compared with the rest of the population, PD showed a lower hospital stay (25 vs. 14 d, respectively, P = 0.08) whereas surgery had a higher mortality rate (8% vs. 22%, respectively, P = 0.03). LIMITATIONS: A single institutional retrospective study. CONCLUSIONS: Our series showed a higher proportion of unilateral and secondary abscess. Spondylodiscitis was the first cause of PIPA. PD seems to be the best treatment option for PIPA and compared with surgery it is associated with a higher success rate and lower hospital stay and mortality rate.
Assuntos
Abscesso do Psoas/terapia , Dor Abdominal/etiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Dor nas Costas/etiologia , Drenagem/métodos , Feminino , Febre/etiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Abscesso do Psoas/etiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Laparoscopic total mesorectal excision (TME) has proven to be feasible and safe. However, it represents a major technical challenge, since it involves the dissection of the rectum in a confined space such as the bony pelvis using un-ergonomic surgical devices. This difficulty is accentuated in patients with distal tumors and high body mass index (BMI), in which the surgical margins and the hypogastric nerves may be affected. Therefore, robotic surgery aims to overcome these limitations that conspire against the mininvasive surgical approach of rectal cancer. We present an obese (BMI = 32 kg/m2) 82-year-old man with a history of smoking and prostate cancer that was recently diagnosed with a middle rectal adenocarcinoma at 9 cm from the anal verge. Rectal examination evidenced a mobile lesion. Computed tomography scan ruled out metastases and at the local staging by MRI, the tumor was considered as T3-N0 with free circumferential margins. Surgical treatment was decided and a hybrid technique was used combining an initial laparoscopic approach followed by the robotic TME. The patient had a full recovery and was discharged three days after surgery without complications. Pathological examination revealed a low-grade adenocarcinoma with mesorectal invasion, free circumferential and distal margins, and 24 negative lymph nodes (pT3-pN0-pM0/Stage II). Robotic TME was performed safely in an obese patient. It facilitated dissection maneuvers in a confined space with proper identification and preservation of the hypogastric nerves, allowing retrieving an intact mesorectum. Prospective randomized trials will define the role of this new technology.
Assuntos
Laparoscopia/métodos , Neoplasias Retais/cirurgia , Robótica/métodos , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Obesidade/complicações , Neoplasias Retais/complicações , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Laparoscopic total mesorectal excision (TME) has proven to be feasible and safe. However, it represents a major technical challenge, since it involves the dissection of the rectum in a confined space such as the bony pelvis using un-ergonomic surgical devices. This difficulty is accentuated in patients with distal tumors and high body mass index (BMI), in which the surgical margins and the hypogastric nerves may be affected. Therefore, robotic surgery aims to overcome these limitations that conspire against the mininvasive surgical approach of rectal cancer. We present an obese (BMI = 32 kg/m2) 82-year-old man with a history of smoking and prostate cancer that was recently diagnosed with a middle rectal adenocarcinoma at 9 cm from the anal verge. Rectal examination evidenced a mobile lesion. Computed tomography scan ruled out metastases and at the local staging by MRI, the tumor was considered as T3-N0 with free circumferential margins. Surgical treatment was decided and a hybrid technique was used combining an initial laparoscopic approach followed by the robotic TME. The patient had a full recovery and was discharged three days after surgery without complications. Pathological examination revealed a low-grade adenocarcinoma with mesorectal invasion, free circumferential and distal margins, and 24 negative lymph nodes (pT3-pN0-pM0/Stage II). Robotic TME was performed safely in an obese patient. It facilitated dissection maneuvers in a confined space with proper identification and preservation of the hypogastric nerves, allowing retrieving an intact mesorectum. Prospective randomized trials will define the role of this new technology.
Assuntos
Laparoscopia/métodos , Neoplasias Retais/cirurgia , Robótica/métodos , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Neoplasias Retais/complicações , Obesidade/complicações , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Antecedentes: El área de superficie corporal es una medida usada en el entorno clínico. Su impacto en la cirugía colorrectal laparoscópica no ha sido estudiado previamente. Objetivo: Evaluar el impacto de la superficie corporal sobre la tasa de conversión y el tiempo operatorio en cirugía laparoscópica. Diseño: Análisis retrospectivo de datos recogidos prospectivamente. Marco: Una sola institución de atención terciaria. Pacientes: Fueron identificados 916 pacientes consecutivos operados entre enero de 2004 y agosto de 2011, incluidos en una base de datos completada en forma prospectiva. Principales medidas de resultado: Se analizaron la tasa de conversión y el tiempo operatorio laparoscópico en relación a la edad, el género, la obesidad, la localización de la enfermedad (colon vs recto), el tipo de enfermedad (neoplásica vs no neoplásica), el antecedente de cirugías previas, y la superficie corporal; el área de superficie corporal se calculó mediante la fórmula de Mosteller. El área de superficie corporal se analizó utilizando la mediana, y cuartilos con valores de corte de 1.6; 1.8 y 2.0. Se utilizó la regresión logística para analizar la asociación entre el área de superficie corporal y la tasa de conversión, ajustada por diferentes factores. Se investigó la interacción entre la superficie corporal y el índice de masa corporal, pero no fue constatada. Resultados: La tasa de conversión global fue del 10%. La mediana del área de superficie corporal fue de 1.84 m² (rango: 1.14- 2.53). Las tasas de conversión de los cuartiles 1, 2, 3 y 4 fueron: 4.4%, 8.3%, 12.7% y 14.8%, respectivamente, p=0.001. Los pacientes con superficie corporal > 1.8 m²(N = 503) tuvieron una tasa de conversión más alta que los de superficie corporal < 1.8 m²(N=413) [13.8% vs 6.3%, respectivamente, OR: 2.35 (IC 95%: 1.45-3.86, p=0.0001)]. El análisis multivariado mostró que el área de superficie corporal > 1.8m² se asoció a la conversión (OR: 2, 95% Cl: 1.1-3.7, p=0.023) después de ajustar por sexo, edad, obesidad, localización de la patología (recto vs colon), tipo de abordaje laparoscópico y antecedente de cirugías previas. Limitación: se trata de un estudio retrospectivo realizado en una sola institución. Conclusión: El área de superficie corporal es un buen predictor de la conversión; debe ser incluido como parte de los futuros estudios sobre los resultados de la cirugía colorrectal laparoscópica, como información a los pacientes, cuando se seleccionan casos al inicio de la curva de aprendizaje, y al determinar el estándar de calidad de atención.
Background: Body surface área is a measurement used in clinical settings. Its impact on laparoscopic colorectal surgery has not been previously studied. Objective:To assess the impact of body surface área on conversión rate. Design: Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data. Setting: Single tertiary care institution. Patients: 916 consecutive patients operated on between January 2004 and August 2011 were identified from a prospectively datábase. Main outcome measures: Conversión rate was analyzed related to age, gender, obesity, disease location (colon vs. rectum), type of disease (neoplastic vs. non-neoplastic), history of previous surgery, and body surface área; body surface área was calculated by Mosteller formula. Body surface área was analyzed using median and quartiles cut off valúes (1.6, 1.8 and 2.0). Logistic regression was used to analyze the association between body surface área and conversión, adjusting for different confounders. Interaction between body surface área and body mass Índex was checked and not found. Results: Overall conversión rate was 10%. Median body surface área was 1.84 (range: 1.14-2.53).Conversión rates for quartiles 1, 2, 3 and 4 were: 4.4%, 8.3%, 12.7%, and 14.8%, respectively, p = 0.001. Patients with body surface área > 1.8 (N=503) had a higher conversión rate than those with body surface área < 1.8 (N=413) [13.8% vs 6.3%, respectively, OR: 2.35 (95% Cl: 1.45-3.86; p=0.0001)j. Multivariate analysis showed that body surface área > 1.8 was associated with conversión (OR: 2, 95% Cl: 1.1-3.7, p=0.023) after adjusting for gender, age, and previous surgery. ROC analysis of body surface área showed an área under the curve of 0.62. Body surface área > 1.8 had a sensitivity and specificity of 76% and 48% respectively. Limitation: This was a single institution retrospective study. Conclusión: Body surface área is a good predictor for conversión and should be included as part of future studies on outcomes for laparoscopic colorectal surgery.
RESUMO
Antecedentes: El área de superficie corporal es una medida usada en el entorno clínico. Su impacto en la cirugía colorrectal laparoscópica no ha sido estudiado previamente. Objetivo: Evaluar el impacto de la superficie corporal sobre la tasa de conversión y el tiempo operatorio en cirugía laparoscópica. Diseño: Análisis retrospectivo de datos recogidos prospectivamente. Marco: Una sola institución de atención terciaria. Pacientes: Fueron identificados 916 pacientes consecutivos operados entre enero de 2004 y agosto de 2011, incluidos en una base de datos completada en forma prospectiva. Principales medidas de resultado: Se analizaron la tasa de conversión y el tiempo operatorio laparoscópico en relación a la edad, el género, la obesidad, la localización de la enfermedad (colon vs recto), el tipo de enfermedad (neoplásica vs no neoplásica), el antecedente de cirugías previas, y la superficie corporal; el área de superficie corporal se calculó mediante la fórmula de Mosteller. El área de superficie corporal se analizó utilizando la mediana, y cuartilos con valores de corte de 1.6; 1.8 y 2.0. Se utilizó la regresión logística para analizar la asociación entre el área de superficie corporal y la tasa de conversión, ajustada por diferentes factores. Se investigó la interacción entre la superficie corporal y el índice de masa corporal, pero no fue constatada. Resultados: La tasa de conversión global fue del 10%. La mediana del área de superficie corporal fue de 1.84 m² (rango: 1.14- 2.53). Las tasas de conversión de los cuartiles 1, 2, 3 y 4 fueron: 4.4%, 8.3%, 12.7% y 14.8%, respectivamente, p=0.001. Los pacientes con superficie corporal > 1.8 m²(N = 503) tuvieron una tasa de conversión más alta que los de superficie corporal < 1.8 m²(N=413) [13.8% vs 6.3%, respectivamente, OR: 2.35 (IC 95%: 1.45-3.86, p=0.0001)]. El análisis multivariado mostró que el área de superficie corporal > 1.8m² se asoció a la conversión (OR: 2, 95% Cl: 1.1-3.7, p=0.023) después de ajustar por sexo, edad, obesidad, localización de la patología (recto vs colon), tipo de abordaje laparoscópico y antecedente de cirugías previas. Limitación: se trata de un estudio retrospectivo realizado en una sola institución. Conclusión: El área de superficie corporal es un buen predictor de la conversión; debe ser incluido como parte de los futuros estudios sobre los resultados de la cirugía colorrectal laparoscópica, como información a los pacientes, cuando se seleccionan casos al inicio de la curva de aprendizaje, y al determinar el estándar de calidad de atención.(AU)
Background: Body surface área is a measurement used in clinical settings. Its impact on laparoscopic colorectal surgery has not been previously studied. Objective:To assess the impact of body surface área on conversión rate. Design: Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data. Setting: Single tertiary care institution. Patients: 916 consecutive patients operated on between January 2004 and August 2011 were identified from a prospectively datábase. Main outcome measures: Conversión rate was analyzed related to age, gender, obesity, disease location (colon vs. rectum), type of disease (neoplastic vs. non-neoplastic), history of previous surgery, and body surface área; body surface área was calculated by Mosteller formula. Body surface área was analyzed using median and quartiles cut off valúes (1.6, 1.8 and 2.0). Logistic regression was used to analyze the association between body surface área and conversión, adjusting for different confounders. Interaction between body surface área and body mass Index was checked and not found. Results: Overall conversión rate was 10%. Median body surface área was 1.84 (range: 1.14-2.53).Conversión rates for quartiles 1, 2, 3 and 4 were: 4.4%, 8.3%, 12.7%, and 14.8%, respectively, p = 0.001. Patients with body surface área > 1.8 (N=503) had a higher conversión rate than those with body surface área < 1.8 (N=413) [13.8% vs 6.3%, respectively, OR: 2.35 (95% Cl: 1.45-3.86; p=0.0001)j. Multivariate analysis showed that body surface área > 1.8 was associated with conversión (OR: 2, 95% Cl: 1.1-3.7, p=0.023) after adjusting for gender, age, and previous surgery. ROC analysis of body surface área showed an área under the curve of 0.62. Body surface área > 1.8 had a sensitivity and specificity of 76% and 48% respectively. Limitation: This was a single institution retrospective study. Conclusión: Body surface área is a good predictor for conversión and should be included as part of future studies on outcomes for laparoscopic colorectal surgery.(AU)
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Body surface area is a measurement of body size used in clinical settings. Its impact on laparoscopic colorectal surgery has not been previously studied. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of body surface area on the conversion rate and laparoscopic operative time. DESIGN: This study was conducted as a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data. SETTING: This study was conducted at a single tertiary care institution. PATIENTS: Nine hundred sixteen consecutive patients operated on between January 2004 and August 2011 were identified from a prospective database. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Conversion rate and laparoscopic operative time were analyzed related to age, sex, obesity, disease location (colon vs rectum), type of disease (neoplastic vs nonneoplastic), history of previous surgery, and body surface area; body surface area was calculated by the Mosteller formula. Body surface area was analyzed by the use of median and quartile cutoff values (1.6, 1.8, and 2.0). Multivariate models were adjusted for different confounders. Interaction between body surface area and BMI was ruled out. RESULTS: The conversion rate was 10%. Conversion rates for quartiles 1, 2, 3, and 4 were 4.4%, 8.3%, 12.7%, and 14.8%, p = 0.001. Patients with body surface area ≥ 1.8 had a higher conversion rate than those with body surface area <1.8 (13.9% vs 5.3%, OR: 2.35 (95% CI: 1.45-3.86; p = 0.0001)). Multivariate analysis showed that body surface area ≥ 1.8 was associated with conversion (OR: 2, 95% CI: 1.1-3.7, p = 0.02) and a longer operative time after adjusting for sex, age, obesity, disease location (rectum vs colon), and type of laparoscopic approach. LIMITATION: This was a single-institution retrospective study. CONCLUSION: Body surface area is a predictor for conversion and longer laparoscopic operative time. It should be considered when informing patients, selecting cases in the early learning curve, and assessing standard of care.