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Introduction: Within the occupational field, changes in the characteristics of work have revealed risks associated with static, repetitive work and litle physical activity, which together with individual health conditions of workers can trigger diseases and musculoskeletal disorders. Objectives: To obtain a preliminary characterization of workers in an industrial area, including their health and working conditions. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, developed with 69 men who worked in the industrial area of Viña del Mar, Chile. A clinical and occupational evaluation was carried out with the application of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire as well as the Standardized Nordic Questionnaire. Results: The following risk factors were identified: 53.6% of the workers were smokers, 92.8% presented low levels of physical activity, and 70.3% reported feeling pain in body segments that were physically required during their work tasks. Among all workers, 63% were overweight according to their body mass index and 62% presented high systolic pressure. Pain was mostly detected in the spine, and it was slightly associated with forklif operation by older workers (t-test p < 0.05). Conclusions: Workers were in the presence of cardiovascular and occupational risks. It is necessary to promote timely education and training on health conditions and to evaluate risks associated with machinery operation in order to prevent work-related pain.

Introdução: No âmbito ocupacional, as mudanças no estilo de trabalho têm mostrado riscos associados ao trabalho estático, repetitivo e à pouca atividade física, fatores que, somados às condições individuais de saúde dos trabalhadores, podem favorecer o aparecimento de doenças e distúrbios musculoesqueléticos. Objetivos: Obter uma caracterização preliminar dos trabalhadores da indústria, incluindo a saúde e as condições de trabalho. Métodos: Estudo transversal, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado com 69 homens que trabalham na indústria de Viña del Mar, Chile. Realizaram-se avaliação clínica e ocupacional e aplicaram-se o Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física juntamente com o Questionário Nórdico de Sintomas Osteomusculares. Resultados: Identificaram-se os seguintes fatores de risco: 53,6% dos trabalhadores era tabagista, 92,8% apresentava baixo nível de atividade física, 70,3% declarou sentir dor em segmentos corporais necessários à realização de tarefas do trabalho. Dos trabalhadores, 63% tinha sobrepeso, de acordo com o índice de massa corporal, e 62% apresentava pressão sistólica alta. As dores foram detectadas principalmente na coluna vertebral e estavam ligeiramente associadas à operação de empilhadeira por trabalhadores mais velhos (teste t p < 0,05). Conclusões: Os trabalhadores encontravam-se diante de riscos cardiovasculares e ocupacionais. É necessário promover educação e treinamento adequados em relação às condições de saúde e avaliar os riscos associados à operação de equipamentos, a fim de evitar dores relacionadas ao trabalho.

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La Stevia es un edulcorante no calórico de origen natural. En Chile, se ha convertido en uno de los edulcorantes más populares y de mayor consumo. El objetivo del estudio fue comparar la ingesta de Stevia según nivel socioeconómico (NSE) y sexo en una muestra de 473 estudiantes universitarios chilenos durante el periodo abril-junio 2014; 67% de sexo femenino y edad promedio de 20,4 ± 2,5 años. El consumo de Stevia fue de 0,85 mg/kg/día, no superó la ingesta diaria admisible (IDA) y, el mayor consumo fue de 83,7% del IDA. Se encontró una mayor ingesta de Stevia en mujeres de NSE alto y medio-alto que se consumieron a través de la ingesta de alimentos y gotas (p<0,05). Al comparar por sexo y NSE, las mujeres de NSE alto presentaron un mayor consumo (0,64 ± 1,4), en comparación con los hombres (0,26 ± 0,48) (p<0,05). Mientras que en los estratos bajos las diferencias entre mujeres y hombres fueron (0,42 ± 0,41) y (0,11 ± 0,42) respectivamente. El principal resultado de este estudio es que el consumo de Stevia es mayor en estudiantes universitarias de mayor nivel socioeconómico, específicamente alto y medio alto. Se esperaría un incremento en el consumo ENCs post incorporación de la nueva ley de etiquetado nutricional (Ley 20.606) del año 2016. Se sugieren nuevas investigaciones acerca del consumo de edulcorantes en grupos poblacionales de distintos estratos socioeconómicos(AU)

Stevia is a non-caloric sweetener of natural origin. In Chile, it has become one of the most popular and widely consumed non-caloric sweeteners. The objective of this study was to compare Stevia intake according to socioeconomic level (SES) and sex in a sample of 473 Chilean university students from Abril to June 2014; 67% female with an average age of 20.4 ± 2.5 years. Stevia consumption did not exceed the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) and the highest consumption reached 83.7% of the ADI. A higher intake of Stevia was found in women with high and medium-high SES consumed in food and drops (p<0.05). Comparing by sex and SES, women with high SES had a higher intake compared to men (p<0.05). While in the lower strata the difference between women and men were (0,42 ± 0,41) and (0,11 ± 0,42) respectively. The main result of this study is that the intake of Stevia is highest in University students in a higher socioeconomic class, specifically high and upper middle classes. This study suggests further research focuses on the consumption of sweeteners in this particular group. An ENCs intake increase would be expected after the incorporation of the new law of nutritional labels in 2016. New investigations of sweeteners intake are suggested in different socioeconomic groups in the population(AU)

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INTRODUCTION: in older adults, deficit of Vitamin D and hip fractures are common. There exists relationships between both conditions, and it have been shown that supplementation of Vitamin D improve prognosis of hip fractures. In the case of Chile, information about relationship between Vitamin D and hip fractures is scarce. OBJECTIVE: quantify plasma levels of vitamin D and relate them to the anatomical location of hip fracture. METHODS: cross-sectional study. 222 Chilean adults ≥60 years, hospitalized for hip fracture between June, 2014 and June, 2015. We use data of medical records about gender, age, seasonality and anatomical location of hip fracture (intra and extracapsular). We measure plasmatic levels of Vitamin D (PLVD) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (MDRD-6). Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and non-parametric test were used. For determine relations between PLVD and anatomical location we use linear regression. RESULTS: there was a predominance of women (80.6%). The average age was 80.7 years (SD=7.8). Intracapsular hip fractures were 43.2%. 80% of the sample presents Vitamin D in deficitary levels (n = 180). PLVD average was 13.3 ng/cc (SD=6.7), in subjects with intracapsular fractures were significantly lower (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: PLVD in subjects with hip fracture should be monitored, as there are differences according to anatomical location of the fracture. This precedent could favor the treatment and recovery of subjects presenting for the first time hip fracture.

Introducción: en los adultos mayores son frecuentes el deficit de vitamina D y las fracturas de cadera (FC). Existe relacion entre ambas condiciones, demostrandose que la suplementacion de vitamina D mejora el pronostico de las FC. En el caso de Chile, existe escasa informacion sobre la relacion entre vitamina D y FC. Objetivo: cuantificar los niveles plasmaticos de vitamina D (NPVD) y relacionarlos con la ubicacion anatomica de la FC. Métodos: estudio transversal. 222 adultos mayores chilenos ≥60 anos hospitalizados por FC entre junio de 2014 y junio de 2015. Se utilizaron los datos de ficha clinica de genero, edad, estacionalidad y ubicacion anatomica (FIC = intra, FEC = extracapsular) de la FC. Se midio NPVD y velocidad de filtrado glomerular (VFG) (MDRD- 6). Se utilizaron la prueba de Kolmogorov-Smirnov y pruebas no parametricas. Para determinar la relacion entre NPVD y el tipo de fractura se uso regresion lineal. Resultados: hubo predominio de mujeres (80,6%), la edad promedio fue 80,7 anos (DE=7,8) y se encontro 43,2% de FIC. Los NPVD promedio fueron 13,3 ng/cc (DE=6,7); los sujetos con FIC tienen 4,52 ng/cc menos de vitamina D que aquellos con FEC (p.

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INTRODUCTION: stevia consumption has increased worlwide among the different age groups; however, studies regarding the association between stevia intake and nutritional status in adults are scarce. OBJECTIVE: to evaluate stevia intake in first year university students from five chilean cities (Santiago, Temuco, Viña del Mar, Concepción and Antofagasta) controlling by nutritional status, socioeconomic level, gender and whether their undergraduate program belongs to the health sciences. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 486 first year university students belonging to 4 Chilean universities were evaluated. Each student completed a weekly food frequency questionnaire including food and beverages containing stevia. Selfreport of weight and height was requested. RESULTS: 69.8% of the students consumed stevia every week, the liquid form being the main contributor to the dietary stevia intake (81.2%). Only 1.4% of the students went over the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI). Normal weight women show a higher stevia intake compared to those obese or overweight (p < 0.05). Finally, stevia consumption appears to be positively associated to normal weight in the first model (adjusted) (OR = 0.219; IC 95%: 0.13-0.35; p < 0.05) and second model (OR = 0.21; IC 95%: 0.13-0.35; p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: stevia consumption was positively associated with normal nutritional status in Chilean university students.

Introducción: el consumo de stevia a nivel mundial se ha incrementado en los diferentes grupos etarios; sin embargo, existen pocos estudios que muestren la ingesta y asociación con el peso corporal en adultos. Objetivo: evaluar el consumo de stevia en jóvenes universitarios de primer año de cinco ciudades de Chile (Santiago, Temuco, Viña del Mar, Concepción y Antofagasta) de acuerdo al estado nutricional, nivel socioeconómico, sexo y pertenencia al área de la salud. Materiales y métodos: se evaluaron 486 estudiantes universitarios (EU) de primer año, pertenecientes a cuatro universidades chilenas. A cada participante se le aplicó una encuesta de frecuencia de consumo semanal con alimentos y bebidas que contienen stevia. Se solicitó el autoinforme de peso y talla. Resultados: el 69,8% de los estudiantes consumen stevia durante la semana. La stevia en gotas constituye el mayor aporte de stevia en la dieta de los estudiantes, con un 63%. Solo el 1,4% de los estudiantes sobrepasaban el IDA para stevia. Las mujeres normopeso presentan una ingesta mayor de stevia que las que tienen sobrepeso u obesidad (p < 0,05). Finalmente, se observó una asociación positiva entre el consumo de stevia y un peso normal, modelo ajustado 1 (OR = 0,219; IC 95%: 0,13-0,35; p < 0,05) y modelo 2 (OR = 0,21; IC 95%: 0,13-0,35; p < 0,05). Conclusión: el consumo de stevia se asoció a un estado nutricional normal en estudiantes universitarios chilenos.

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INTRODUCTION: In Chile there has been an increase in the elderly population (AM). There is an interest in the group aged in 80 and older, because it has been described that they have different characteristics in relation to nutritional status, habits and quality of life. OBJECTIVE: To describe the characteristics of autonomous -AM of 80 years and over considering different aspects such as anthropometry, styles and quality of life. METHODS: Cross-sectional study, 271 AM of both genders, anthropometry was assessed by body mass index (BMI), two criteria for nutritional diagnosis were considered:, one from the Ministry of Health of Chile (MINSAL) and the other from the World Health Organization (WHO). Subsequently surveys of food frequency , Pittsburgh Sleep, sleepiness and quality of life perception were applied. RESULTS: The mean BMI was similar in both sexes (p = 0.06). However the intake of energy, macronutrients and micronutrients was higher in men (p <0.01). Considering both criterias MINSAL v/s International, it was found that nearly twenty times of the underweight AM proportion was detected by MINSAL criteria. Also, for the excess weight condition WHO classifies these cases with more frecuency (p <0.01). Moreover an excessive daytime sleepiness and moderate quality of life in the AM were perceived in the studied population. CONCLUSION: There is a significant prevalence of overweight in this age group, indepentently of criteria used. Although there are still some critical micronutrient deficiencies for this emerging age group.

Introducción: en Chile ha habido un incremento de la población de adultos mayores (AM). Existe interés por el grupo de 80 años y más, debido a que se ha descrito que presentan características diferentes en relación al estado nutricional, hábitos y calidad de vida. Objetivo: describir las características de los adultos mayores autónomos de 80 años y más desde diferentes aspectos, como son la antropometría y el estilo y calidad de vida. Metodología: estudio de corte transversal en 271 AM autónomos de ambos sexos. El estado nutricional se evaluó mediante índice de masa corporal (IMC) y se utilizaron dos criterios para el diagnóstico nutricional: el del Ministerio de Salud de Chile (MINSAL) y el internacional (OMS). Posteriormente se aplicaron las encuestas de tendencia de consumo, sueño de Pittsburg, somnolencia y percepción de calidad de vida. Resultados: el IMC promedio fue similar en ambos sexos (p=0,06), sin embargo la ingesta alimentaria presentó diferencias para energía, macronutrientes y micronutrientes (p.

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