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PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate and compare the changes in corneal aberrations and accommodative amplitudes between patients with multiple sclerosis and normal individuals. METHODS: We included 20 patients who were previously diagnosed with multiple sclerosis with optic nerve involvement (multiple sclerosis group) and 20 healthy sex- and age-matched individuals (control group). We only selected those who were under 40 years old because accommodation in individuals over 40 years old significantly deteriorates. We measured the accommodative amplitude in diopters by minus lens test and evaluated the higher-order aberrations by using the iDesign aberrometer. Then, we compared the accommodative amplitude and the root mean square of higher-order aberrations between the groups. RESULTS: The mean age of the multiple sclerosis and control groups were 35.25 ± 4.52 and 32.28 ± 6.83 years, respectively (p=0.170). The accommodative amplitude was 4.05 ± 1.25 D in the multiple sclerosis group and 6.00 ± 1.03 D in the control group, with a statistically significant difference (p<0.001). Meanwhile, the root mean square of higher-order aberrations was not significantly different between the groups (multiple sclerosis group, 0.44 ± 0.22; control group, 0.43 ± 0.10, p<0.824). Moreover, aberration changes had no statistically significant differences between the two groups at baseline and at 5 D stimulus. CONCLUSIONS: The accommodative amplitude was decreased in patients with multiple sclerosis, suggesting the possible cause of transient visual impairments in these patients. However, this accommodative amplitude did not demonstrate a significant difference in terms of higher-order aberration change during accommodation between such patients and the controls.
Assuntos
Cristalino , Esclerose Múltipla , Acomodação Ocular , Adulto , Córnea , Humanos , Esclerose Múltipla/complicações , Nervo Óptico , Refração OcularRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Psychiatric problems and sleep disturbances are comorbidities that are frequently encountered among people with epilepsy. However, their presence among the spouses of peoples with epilepsy remains to be elucidated. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the spouses of people with epilepsy (PWE), with and without a history of seizures during sleep, in terms of depression, anxiety and sleep quality. METHODS: This prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted in three groups of 18 to 65-year-olds. Group 1 consisted of healthy spouses of 127 healthy volunteers without any known neurological disease; group 2 comprised spouses of 63 PWE who had no history of seizure during sleep; and group 3 consisted of spouses of 63 PWE who had a history of at least one seizure during sleep in the course of the previous year. Questionnaires seeking demographic data and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Beck Depression Inventory and Beck Anxiety Inventory were applied to all participants. RESULTS: The depression scores of the group of spouses of PWE were higher than those of the control group and were higher in group 3 than in group 2 (p = 0.017). The anxiety scores of the group of spouses of PWE were significantly higher than those of the control group, but no difference in anxiety scores was found between group 2 and group 3 (p = 0.170). The mean PSQI score of group 3 was higher than that of group 2 (p = 0.029). However, regression analyses did not show any difference between these groups. CONCLUSION: We found that the PSQI scores, which reflected sleep quality, were higher among the spouses of PWE who had seizures during sleep and who had more severe epilepsy.
Assuntos
Epilepsia , Cônjuges , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Ansiedade , Estudos Transversais , Depressão , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Qualidade de Vida , Sono , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adulto JovemRESUMO
ABSTRACT Background: Psychiatric problems and sleep disturbances are comorbidities that are frequently encountered among people with epilepsy. However, their presence among the spouses of peoples with epilepsy remains to be elucidated. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the spouses of people with epilepsy (PWE), with and without a history of seizures during sleep, in terms of depression, anxiety and sleep quality. Methods: This prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted in three groups of 18 to 65-year-olds. Group 1 consisted of healthy spouses of 127 healthy volunteers without any known neurological disease; group 2 comprised spouses of 63 PWE who had no history of seizure during sleep; and group 3 consisted of spouses of 63 PWE who had a history of at least one seizure during sleep in the course of the previous year. Questionnaires seeking demographic data and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Beck Depression Inventory and Beck Anxiety Inventory were applied to all participants. Results: The depression scores of the group of spouses of PWE were higher than those of the control group and were higher in group 3 than in group 2 (p = 0.017). The anxiety scores of the group of spouses of PWE were significantly higher than those of the control group, but no difference in anxiety scores was found between group 2 and group 3 (p = 0.170). The mean PSQI score of group 3 was higher than that of group 2 (p = 0.029). However, regression analyses did not show any difference between these groups. Conclusion: We found that the PSQI scores, which reflected sleep quality, were higher among the spouses of PWE who had seizures during sleep and who had more severe epilepsy.
RESUMO Introdução: Problemas psiquiátricos e distúrbios do sono são comorbidades muito encontradas em pessoas com epilepsia. No entanto, sua presença nos cônjuges de pessoas com epilepsia ainda precisa ser elucidada. Objetivo: O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar os cônjuges de pessoas com epilepsia (PCE) com e sem histórico de convulsões durante o sono em termos de depressão, ansiedade e qualidade do sono. Métodos: Este estudo transversal prospectivo foi realizado com três grupos de jovens de 18 a 65 anos. O Grupo 1 era formado por cônjuges saudáveis de 127 voluntários saudáveis sem uma doença neurológica conhecida; o grupo 2 era composto por cônjuges de 63 PCE que não tinham histórico de convulsões durante o sono; o grupo 3 consistiu em cônjuges de 63 PCE que tinham história de pelo menos uma convulsão durante o sono no ano anterior. O questionário incluindo dados demográficos, Índice de Qualidade do Sono de Pittsburgh (PSQI), Inventário de Beck para Depressão e Inventário de Beck para Ansiedade foi aplicado a todos os participantes. Resultados: Os escores de depressão do grupo de cônjuges de PCE foram maiores que os do grupo controle e foram maiores no grupo 3 em relação ao grupo 2 (p=0,017). Os escores de ansiedade do grupo de cônjuges de PCE foram significativamente maiores do que os do grupo controle. No entanto, não foi encontrada diferença nos escores de ansiedade entre o grupo 2 e o grupo 3 (p=0,170). Os escores médios do PSQI do grupo 3 foram maiores do que a pontuação média do grupo 2 (p=0,029). Apesar disso, as análises de regressão não revelaram nenhuma diferença entre esses grupos. Conclusão: Verificamos que os escores do PSQI que refletem a qualidade do sono foram maiores nos cônjuges de PCE, que tiveram convulsões durante o sono e que apresentaram epilepsia mais grave.
Assuntos
Humanos , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Adulto Jovem , Cônjuges , Epilepsia , Ansiedade , Qualidade de Vida , Sono , Estudos Transversais , Estudos Prospectivos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Depressão , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the frequency of Comorbid Fibromyalgia Syndrome and its effects on quality of life and activities of daily living without any known psychiatric problem (schizophrenia or bipolar disorder) or severe disability, other than depression, in patients with multiple sclerosis, which is known to be a chronic disease in young adults. METHODS: The study included 103 patients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis, following McDonald criteria, who had relapsing remitting disease. The Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Fatigue Severity Scale, and Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life-54 were applied for all patients. Results were analyzed using statistical methods. RESULTS: Mean age was 35.04±8.72 years in the study population. The Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score was 2.21±0.93. Comorbid Fibromyalgia Syndrome was detected in 20 patients (19.4%). The mean score of Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life-54 was found to be significantly higher in multiple sclerosis patients with Comorbid Fibromyalgia Syndrome when compared to those without it (34.80±9.14 versus 71.67±13.95; p<0.05). CONCLUSION: These results indicate that increased frequency of Comorbid Fibromyalgia Syndrome in multiple sclerosis causes worsening in activities of daily living and quality of life, delayed diagnosis, disability progression, and increased admission rates. Questioning and appropriately managing Comorbid Fibromyalgia Syndrome in clinical practice are important to improve the quality of life in multiple sclerosis patients.