RESUMO
Prosopis strombulifera (Lam.) Benth. is a halophytic shrub found in highly saline soils in Argentina, with high tolerance against NaCl but strong growth inhibition by Na2SO4. In the present study, the differences in the physiological responses caused by these salts and an iso-osmotic combination thereof on photosynthesis, mineral composition and metabolism were analyzed. Na2SO4 treated plants were the most affected by salinity, showing a significant decrease in several photosynthetic parameters. Proline and cysteine accumulated significantly in the plants in response to salt stress. These results show by the first time that the SO42- anion is triggering damage in the photosynthetic apparatus and consequently affecting the photosynthetic process, which may explain the strong growth inhibition in these plants at high salinity. Moreover, the SO42- anion provoke challenges in the incorporation of nutrients, decreasing the levels of K, Ca, P and Mg, and inducing a strong antioxidant activity in P. strombulifera.
Assuntos
Fotossíntese , Prosopis/metabolismo , Cloreto de Sódio/química , Sulfatos/química , Ânions , Argentina , Cálcio/química , Clorofila/química , Grupo dos Citocromos b/metabolismo , Magnésio/química , Osmose/efeitos dos fármacos , Fósforo/química , Complexo de Proteína do Fotossistema II/metabolismo , Folhas de Planta/metabolismo , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo , Raízes de Plantas/metabolismo , Brotos de Planta/metabolismo , Potássio/química , Prosopis/efeitos dos fármacos , Ligação Proteica , Salinidade , Sódio/químicaRESUMO
This project analyses the uptake and biodegradation of the antimicrobial sulfadimidine (SDI) from the culture medium and up to the anaerobic digestion. Tripolium pannonicum was grown under hydroponic conditions with different concentrations of SDI (0, 5 and 10mg·L(-1)) and the fresh biomass, containing different amounts of SDI taken up, was used as substrate for biogas production. SDI was analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled to positive ion electrospray mass spectrometry (ESI LC-MS). Based on the findings, T. pannonicum is able to uptake SDI. The more SDI is in the culture medium, the higher the SDI content in the plant tissue. According to this study, it is possible to produce high yields of biogas using biomass of T. pannonicum containing SDI and at the same time biodegradation of SDI is carried out. The highest specific biogas yield is obtained using shoots as substrate of the plants cultivated at 5mg·L(-1) SDI.
Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos/farmacocinética , Asteraceae/metabolismo , Biodegradação Ambiental , Biocombustíveis , Sulfametazina/farmacocinética , Anaerobiose , Anti-Infecciosos/metabolismo , Asteraceae/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Biomassa , Biotecnologia/métodos , Cromatografia Líquida/métodos , Meios de Cultura/química , Hidroponia/métodos , Metano/biossíntese , Espectrometria de Massas por Ionização por Electrospray/métodos , Sulfametazina/metabolismo , Poluentes Químicos da Água/metabolismo , Poluentes Químicos da Água/farmacocinéticaRESUMO
This project analyses the biogas potential of the halophyte Chenopodium quinoa Willd. In a first approach C. quinoa was grown with different concentrations of NaCl (0, 10 and 20 ppt NaCl) and the crop residues were used as substrate for biogas production. In a second approach, C. quinoa was grown with 0, 10, 20 and 30 ppt NaCl under hydroponic conditions and the fresh biomass was used as substrate. The more NaCl is in the culture medium, the higher the sodium, potassium, crude ash and hemicellulose content in the plant tissue whereas the calcium, sulfur, nitrogen and carbon content in the biomass decrease. According to this study, it is possible to produce high yields of methane using biomass of C. quinoa. The highest specific methane yields were obtained using the substrate from the plants cultivated at 10 and 20 ppt NaCl in both experiments.