RESUMO
B-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia (B-ALL) is the main neoplasia affecting children worldwide, in which cytotoxic chemotherapy remains the main treatment modality. In this study, we analyzed the profile of inflammatory markers concerning oxidative stress and cytokines in 17 B-ALL patients. Peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow (BM) samples were collected and evaluated for the pro-oxidative status (nitric oxide products-NOx and hydroperoxides), antioxidants (sulfhydryl groups-SH and total radical-trapping antioxidant parameter-TRAP), and cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ), at diagnosis (D0) to and the end of the induction phase (D28). At D28, hydroperoxides were higher in PB, concomitant to TNF-α levels. INF-γ was increased in the BM at D28. Hydroperoxides were higher in patients presenting malignant cells in BM and/or PB after treatment, a condition named minimal residual disease (MRD) when compared to those without MRD at D28. These findings suggest that oxidative stress and cytokines vary across the B-ALL induction phase, and lipid peroxidation is a potential marker associated with MRD status.
RESUMO
Mannheimia spp. strains obtained from bovine nasal exudates of either clinically healthy or clinically affected by respiratory tract disease animals were isolated and characterised to estimate the prevalence of isolated serotypes in dairy farms in Mexico, by means of a trans-sectional descriptive study. Strains were isolated and typified through biochemical and immunological tests. chi(2) or Fisher statistical tests were applied, as well as odds ratio calculation and logistic regression analysis to evaluate the association and effect of some variables on Mannheimia spp. isolation. The apparent prevalence rates of Mannheimia haemolytica was significantly higher in diseased bovines (OR = 1.94; p < 0.05), as well as in bovines younger than 1 year of age (OR = 23.98; p < 0.05), and in bovines not vaccinated against bovine pasteurellosis (OR = 1.52; p < 0.05). Age was the variable that remained in the logistic regression model. Serotype A1 showed the highest prevalence, even when most isolates were not-typable. Bovines younger than one year of age and those with disease were the groups with the highest frequency of M. haemolytica and Mannheimia glucosida isolates.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Bovinos/microbiologia , Mannheimia/isolamento & purificação , Muco/microbiologia , Nariz/microbiologia , Infecções por Pasteurellaceae/veterinária , Animais , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/epidemiologia , Indústria de Laticínios , Feminino , México/epidemiologia , Infecções por Pasteurellaceae/epidemiologia , Infecções por Pasteurellaceae/microbiologia , Prevalência , Fatores de RiscoAssuntos
Doadores de Sangue , Antígenos HLA/imunologia , Isoanticorpos , Transfusão de Leucócitos/efeitos adversos , Síndrome do Desconforto Respiratório/prevenção & controle , Brasil , Transfusão de Eritrócitos/métodos , Europa (Continente) , Política de Saúde , Humanos , Isoanticorpos/efeitos adversos , Isoanticorpos/sangue , Japão , Leucócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Nova Zelândia , Síndrome do Desconforto Respiratório/imunologia , Estados UnidosRESUMO
The lungs of 35 dogs that died in Mexico from acute or subacute pneumonia were examined immunohistochemically for canine distemper virus (CDV), canine adenovirus (CAV) and canine parainfluenza virus (CpiV), to determine their frequency and occurrence and possible associations. CDV was identified in 27 (77%) cases, CAV in 20 (57%) and CpiV in 18 (51%). The most frequent dual association was that between CDV and CpiV (five cases; 14%). All three viruses, however, were identified in the same lung in 10 cases. Immunolabelling occurred in alveolar macrophages, monocytes, pneumocytes, epithelial cells and syncytial cells. It was concluded that immunohistochemistry is a useful diagnostic tool in canine respiratory disease to complement histopathological examination.
Assuntos
Adenovirus Caninos/isolamento & purificação , Antígenos Virais/análise , Vírus da Cinomose Canina/isolamento & purificação , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico , Imuno-Histoquímica/veterinária , Paramyxoviridae/isolamento & purificação , Pneumonia Viral/veterinária , Infecções por Adenoviridae/diagnóstico , Infecções por Adenoviridae/imunologia , Infecções por Adenoviridae/veterinária , Adenovirus Caninos/imunologia , Animais , Cinomose/diagnóstico , Cinomose/imunologia , Cinomose/patologia , Vírus da Cinomose Canina/imunologia , Doenças do Cão/imunologia , Doenças do Cão/patologia , Doenças do Cão/virologia , Cães , Feminino , Pulmão/patologia , Pulmão/virologia , Masculino , Paramyxoviridae/imunologia , Infecções por Paramyxoviridae/diagnóstico , Infecções por Paramyxoviridae/imunologia , Infecções por Paramyxoviridae/veterinária , Pneumonia Viral/diagnóstico , Pneumonia Viral/imunologia , Pneumonia Viral/virologia , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
An indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to obtain epidemiologic information on bovine neosporosis in dairy herds of the Mexican central plateau. Sera were collected from 1,003 cows from 50 dairy herds. Forty-three herds (group A) had been experiencing a high abortion rate. The abortion rates for the remaining 7 herds (group B) were within normal limits for Mexico. Five-hundred sixty-one (56%) of the 1,003 sera were positive. The seroprevalence of Neospora caninum antibodies was 72% (95% CI = 68-75%) in group A and 36% (95% CI = 31-40%) in group B. These results clearly show that infection with N. caninum is widespread in Mexican dairy herds, as indicated by seropositive cows in group A and group B herds at the time of the sample collection.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Antiprotozoários/análise , Doenças dos Bovinos/diagnóstico , Doenças dos Bovinos/parasitologia , Coccidiose/veterinária , Neospora/imunologia , Neospora/patogenicidade , Criação de Animais Domésticos , Animais , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Bovinos/imunologia , Coccidiose/epidemiologia , Coccidiose/imunologia , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática/veterinária , Feminino , México/epidemiologia , Estudos SoroepidemiológicosRESUMO
Of 211 aborted bovine fetuses collected from Mexican dairy herds between January 1996 and March 1999, 73 showed microscopical lesions consistent with neosporosis. Of these 73 fetuses, 58 (79%) showed lymphocytic myocarditis, 39 (53%) showed microgliosis and multifocal necrosis in the brain, 39 (53%) showed lymphocytic hepatitis, and 19 (26%) showed lymphocytic myositis. Immunohistochemical examination of brain, myocardium and liver from 53 of the same 73 fetuses demonstrated Neospora caninum antigens in 41 (77%), of which 19 (46%) gave positive results in one of the three sites, 15 (37%) in two, and seven (17%) in three. The results indicated the presence of neosporosis in a number of the main dairy farming regions of Mexico.
Assuntos
Aborto Animal/parasitologia , Doenças dos Bovinos/parasitologia , Coccidiose/veterinária , Doenças Fetais/veterinária , Neospora/isolamento & purificação , Complicações Parasitárias na Gravidez/veterinária , Aborto Animal/epidemiologia , Animais , Encéfalo/parasitologia , Encéfalo/patologia , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/epidemiologia , Coccidiose/epidemiologia , Coccidiose/parasitologia , Feminino , Doenças Fetais/diagnóstico , Doenças Fetais/parasitologia , Técnica Indireta de Fluorescência para Anticorpo/veterinária , Coração/parasitologia , Fígado/parasitologia , Fígado/patologia , México/epidemiologia , Músculo Esquelético/parasitologia , Músculo Esquelético/patologia , Miocárdio/patologia , Gravidez , Complicações Parasitárias na Gravidez/epidemiologia , Complicações Parasitárias na Gravidez/parasitologiaRESUMO
El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo fundamental, orientar a la juventud de Bioquímica y Farmacéutica, sobre la importancia que tiene el conocimiento de la ciencia, tecnología e innovación tecnológica. Tres elementos fundamentales para el desarrollo de nuestro país y para enfrentar con solvencia, los problemas que presenta el siglo XXI. Con este propósito es necesario incluir los conceptos básicos de ciencia, tecnología e innovación tecnológica
Assuntos
Ciência , TecnologiaRESUMO
Pasteurella haemolytica is one of the bacteria most commonly isolated from pneumonic cases in ruminants. Some of the mechanisms and factors involved in the pathogenesis of the disease are partially documented; and the early stages of bacterial colonization have not been totally clarified. Therefore a review is presented in this paper, particularly related with the mechanisms of bacterial pathogenicity responsible of pulmonary damage to ruminants, as well as a detailed analysis of the adherence process.
Assuntos
Mannheimia haemolytica/patogenicidade , Pasteurelose Pneumônica/microbiologia , Adesinas Bacterianas/fisiologia , Animais , Aderência Bacteriana/fisiologia , Cápsulas Bacterianas/fisiologia , Proteínas de Bactérias/fisiologia , Toxinas Bacterianas/química , Sequência de Carboidratos , Bovinos , Exotoxinas/fisiologia , Células HeLa , Hemaglutininas/fisiologia , Humanos , Lipopolissacarídeos/química , Pulmão/microbiologia , Pulmão/patologia , Mannheimia haemolytica/fisiologia , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Pasteurelose Pneumônica/patologia , Ruminantes , Sorotipagem , VirulênciaRESUMO
A total of 13,000 pairs of lungs were examined at Mexico's City abbatoir, where 8,000 corresponded to sheep and 5,000 to cattle. From those, 224 pneumonic lesions were observed, obtaining 97 positive isolates, which yielded 112 strains of Pasteurella sp. Forty isolates were identified as P. haemolytica and 72 as P. multocida. One-hundred percent of P. haemolytica belonged to biotype A. Serotypes were determined by indirect haemagglutination. P. multocida isolates were classified according to the acriflavine and hyaluronidase techniques, 61% belonged to type A, 25% to type D and 14% were untypified. Somatic serotypes were determined by gel immunodiffusion; serotype 3 was more frequent, in sheep 72% and in cattle 77%.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Bovinos/microbiologia , Mannheimia haemolytica/classificação , Pasteurella multocida/classificação , Pasteurelose Pneumônica/microbiologia , Doenças dos Ovinos/microbiologia , Animais , Bovinos/microbiologia , Doenças dos Bovinos/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Bovinos/patologia , Testes de Hemaglutinação , Pulmão/microbiologia , Pulmão/patologia , Mannheimia haemolytica/isolamento & purificação , México/epidemiologia , Pasteurella multocida/isolamento & purificação , Pasteurelose Pneumônica/epidemiologia , Pasteurelose Pneumônica/patologia , Sorotipagem , Ovinos/microbiologia , Doenças dos Ovinos/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Ovinos/patologiaRESUMO
Evaluation of phagocytosis and bactericidal effect of Pasteurella haemolytica and P. multocida was conducted on bovine alveolar macrophages freshly obtained through bronchioalveolar washings from live animals. Cytotoxic activity of these bacteria on the alveolar macrophages was evaluated through the simple visual assay in microplates, using bovine blood leukocytes as a comparative target cell. In order to evaluate phagocytosis the following variables were considered P. haemolytica and P. multocida (independently) in contact with alveolar macrophages, P. haemolytica and P. multocida in suspension as a positive control of bacterial growth, and RPMI-1640 medium alone, as a negative control of bacterial growth. To measure bactericidal capacity, bacteria were incubated with plastic adhered alveolar macrophages at 30 minutes and 3 hours intervals. Samples incubated 30 minutes were taken as phagocytosis-base readings and at the 3 h interval to evaluate bactericidal capacity of the alveolar macrophages on phagocytized bacteria. Reading of the samples of each evaluation was conducted in a spectrophotometer a 380 nm. Phagocytosis results indicated that bacterial proliferation was higher when bacteria were alone as compared when they were with alveolar macrophages (p < 0.05). Bactericidal capacity of the macrophages was efficient because bacterial numbers were higher in the first evaluation as compared to the second (p < 0.05). It was demonstrated that the cytotoxic effect of P. haemolytica was more severe on blood leukocytes as compared to alveolar macrophages (p < 0.05). There was no evidence of P. multocida cytotoxicity on the evaluated cells. With the development of this technique for the obtention of alveolar macrophages and using spectrophotometry for the phagocytosis and bactericidal effect evaluations, numerous variables and samples can be tested, such as opsonized bacteria or to measure the behaviour of alveolar macrophages infected with different agents involved in the bovine pneumonic complex.