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This review aimed to determine the prevalence of species of yellow, purple and green microbial complexes in root canals (RC) and periodontal pockets (PP) of teeth with endodontic-periodontal lesions. For this purpose, two reviewers searched the literature up to January 2022. Studies reporting the prevalence of species of the yellow, purple and green microbial complexes in teeth diagnosed with endodontic-periodontal lesions were included. The risk of bias of the included studies was assessed using the 14 criteria from the NIH Quality Assessment Tool. Of 1,611 references identified in the initial search, only four studies were eligible and included in the qualitative analysis. The profile and prevalence rates of bacterial species in RC and PP varied among the included studies: levels of Agregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (12% RC, 58% PP), Capnocytophaga granulosa (10% RC, 35% PP), Capnocytophaga sputigena (15-70% RC, 0-30% PP), Streptococcus mitis (30% RC, 35% PP), Streptococcus sanguinis (30% RC, 35% PP), and Veillonella parvula (70% RC, 50% PP) were identified. The high methodological heterogeneity prevented grouping and quantitative analysis of data. The risk of bias was considered 'moderate' for all studies. The included studies identified the presence of seven bacterial species belonging to the yellow, purple, and green microbial complexes in RC and PP, but with different prevalence rates. Future clinical studies are encouraged to investigate the presence and role of these species in the occurrence and development of endodontic-periodontal lesions.

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Background: The numerous techniques for identifying adulthood require research testing the accuracy of each method in different populations. This study verified the accuracy of the third molar maturity index (I3M) proposed by Cameriere et al. (2008) for diagnosing the age of majority in a southern Brazilian population sample. Material and Methods: Panoramic radiographs of patients with dental element 38 treated at the School of Dentistry of the University of Passo Fundo (UPF), RS, Brazil, were analyzed. The patients were separated into age groups between 15.00 and 22.99 years. The Cameriere (2008) method was applied to each radiograph. The study sample comprised 671 individuals, with 385 women (mean age 19.67 ± 2.05) and 286 men (mean age 19.5 ± 2.11). Results: The original cut-off value of I3M≤0.08 classified individuals younger and older than 18 years. ROC curve plotting resulted in an overall accuracy of 0.69 and 0.84 for women and men, respectively. The most favorable cut-off value for southern Brazilian men was 0.06, and women showed better results with an I3M adjusted to 0.13. The new cut-off values produced an accuracy of 0.78 for women and 0.84 for men. The original cut-off point to the I3M (0.08) was not the most appropriate for the studied sample. Conclusions: Thus, index adjustments to 0.13 for women and 0.06 for men may improve method performance among southern Brazilian individuals. Key words:Molar, third, radiography, panoramic, forensic dentistry, age groups, imputability.

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A camada híbrida é definida pela zona de inter difusão do polímero do adesivo e o substrato dental. Os sistemas adesivos universais são materiais que foram criados com o intuito de substituir a estrutura dental que foi perdida a fim de diminuir essa área de interação adesiva e os espaços desmineralizados da dentina. O objetivo do seguinte estudo é realizar uma revisão de literatura acerca da influência dos adesivos universais e o uso do ácido glicólico como condicionante dental. Foi realizada uma busca na literatura atual, nas seguintes bases de dados: PubMed, Scielo, Medline e Google Acadêmico nos idiomas inglês e português usando os termos de pesquisa: "adhesive systems" AND "phosphoricacid" OR/AND "glycolicacid" OR/AND "hybridlayer" OR/AND "universal adhesive system". As pesquisas realizadas utilizando o ácido glicólico como agente condicionante dental demonstraram que a substância tem potencial e efetividade, diminuindo consideravelmente a região de fibras colágenas expostas para a fusão do adesivo universal. O ácido glicólico utilizado como agente condicionante de esmalte e dentina mostrou-se eficaz e promissor, tendo em vista que a camada híbrida se apresentou com menor espessura sem alterar a estrutura dentinária. Porém, faz-se necessário mais pesquisas utilizando o ácido glicólico juntamente com o sistema adesivo universal, por curto, médio e longo prazo.

The hybrid layeri s defined by the interdiffusion zone of the adhesive polymer and the dental substrate. Universal adhesive systems are materials that have been created with the aim of replacing the tooth structure that has been lost in order to reduce this area of adhesive interaction and the demineralized spaces of dentin. The aim of the following study is to perform a literature review on the influence of universal adhesives and the use of glycolic acid as a dental conditioning agent. A search was conducted in the current literature in the following databases: PubMed, Scielo, Medline and Google Scholar in English and Portuguese using the search terms: "adhesive systems" AND "phosphoric acid" AND "glycolic acid" AND "hybrid layer" OR "universal adhesive system". Research using glycolic acid as a dental conditioning agent has shown that the substance has potential and effectiveness, considerably reducing the region of collagen fibers exposed for the fusion of the universal adhesive. Glycolic acid used as a conditioning agent for enameland dent inproved to be effective and promising, considering that the hybrid layer was presented with less thickness without altering the dentin structure. However, further research his needed usinggly colic acid together with the universal adhesive system, for short, medium and long term.

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Abstract This review aimed to determine the prevalence of species of yellow, purple and green microbial complexes in root canals (RC) and periodontal pockets (PP) of teeth with endodontic-periodontal lesions. For this purpose, two reviewers searched the literature up to January 2022. Studies reporting the prevalence of species of the yellow, purple and green microbial complexes in teeth diagnosed with endodontic-periodontal lesions were included. The risk of bias of the included studies was assessed using the 14 criteria from the NIH Quality Assessment Tool. Of 1,611 references identified in the initial search, only four studies were eligible and included in the qualitative analysis. The profile and prevalence rates of bacterial species in RC and PP varied among the included studies: levels of Agregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (12% RC, 58% PP), Capnocytophaga granulosa (10% RC, 35% PP), Capnocytophaga sputigena (15-70% RC, 0-30% PP), Streptococcus mitis (30% RC, 35% PP), Streptococcus sanguinis (30% RC, 35% PP), and Veillonella parvula (70% RC, 50% PP) were identified. The high methodological heterogeneity prevented grouping and quantitative analysis of data. The risk of bias was considered 'moderate' for all studies. The included studies identified the presence of seven bacterial species belonging to the yellow, purple, and green microbial complexes in RC and PP, but with different prevalence rates. Future clinical studies are encouraged to investigate the presence and role of these species in the occurrence and development of endodontic-periodontal lesions.

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Periodontal disease is an infectious-inflammatory disease caused by the presence of bacteria in the dental biofilm, leading in many cases to tooth loss. The objective of this work is to report a clinical case of generalized periodontal disease. Female patient, sought the Dental Clinic of the University of Passo Fundo, complaining that her upper dental arch was increasingly "crooked" and felt a little "mobility". , being diagnosed with stage II periodontitis, due to the pandemic, the patient was only able to return to the Dental Clinic after 5 months, when new exams were carried out, with an increase in the probing depth reaching 7mm in some sites, having a new diagnosis periodontal disease, periodontitis stage III of the disease. The patient's treatment plan consisted of adapting the oral environment, through oral hygiene guidance, prophylaxis, supragingival and subgingival scaling. After 6 months of follow-up, it can be noted that the proposed treatment it was not satisfactory, because, after doing a new periogram, there was no regression of the disease. as for oral hygiene, the patient did not cooperate with the treatment and the installation of orthodontic appliances was not recommended. Periodontal maintenance along with the patient's cooperation is essential to achieve successful periodontal treatment, but in the following case report there was no success in periodontal therapy, and the patient's lack of cooperation could be one of the reasons. (AU)

A doença periodontal é uma doença infecto-inflamatória, causada pela presença de bactérias do biofilme dentário, levando em muitos casos a perda dentária. O objetivo do trabalho é relatar um caso clínico de doença periodontal generalizada. Paciente do sexo feminino, procurou a Clínica Odontológica da Universidade de Passo Fundo, reclamando que sua arcada dentária superior estava cada vez mais "torta" e sentia uma pequena "mobilidade". No exame clínico, a sondagem periodontal foi superior de 3mm chegando até 5mm, sendo diagnosticada com periodontite estágio II, por motivos da pandemia a paciente só conseguiu retornar a Clínica Odontológica depois de 5 meses, quando novos exames foram realizados, sendo verificado um aumento da profundidade de sondagem chegando até 7mm em alguns sítios, tendo um novo diagnostico periodontal, periodontite estágio III da doença. O plano de tratamento da paciente consistia em adequação do meio bucal, por meio de orientação de higiene oral, profilaxia, raspagem supragengival e subgengival. Após 6 meses de acompanhamento, pode-se destacar que o tratamento proposto não foi satisfatório, pois, após fazer um novo periograma, não houve regressão da doença. Com intuito de motivar a paciente com hábitos de higiene bucal, a paciente não colaborou com o tratamento e não sendo indicado a realização a instalação de aparelho ortodôntico. A manutenção periodontal junto com a cooperação do paciente é essencial para alcançar o êxito do tratamento periodontal, mas no seguinte relato de caso não houve sucesso da terapia periodontal, podendo ser um dos motivos a falta de colaboração da paciente. (AU)

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The objective of this study was to evaluate whether individuals with chronic renal failure (CRF) undergoing hemodialysis treatment have more salivary and oral mucosa alterations when compared to healthy individuals, through a systematic review followed by meta-analysis. A systematic literature review was performed, evaluating randomized clinical trials found in the Proquest, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Lilacs and Pubmed databases, using MeSH terms and other keywords. Initially, 40 articles were included in the study and, after reading the complete articles, only 15 clinical trials that analyzed oral lesions and salivary changes in patients with CRF undergoing hemodialysis treatment were eligible. Most of the clinical studies included were cross-sectional and composed of a study group and a control group. The mean age of participants in the study group was 50.19 years and in the control group, 48.95 years. The most common oral alterations found in the CRF group in relation to the control group were xerostomia, uremic breath, dysgeusia, coated tongue, gingival bleeding and pale mucosa. The salivary flow of patients with CRF was 46.6% lower than the control group. The salivary pH in the study group was also more alkaline when compared to the control group. Greater amounts of urea, phosphate, C-reactive protein and total proteins were found in the saliva of individuals with CRF. Individuals with CRF undergoing hemodialysis are more prone to changes in both the quantity and quality of saliva, as well as having a greater amount of oral changes.

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INTRODUCTION: Histoplasmosis is a systemic fungal disease caused by the H. capsulatum fungus, which is mainly present in feces and guano of birds and bats. This condition manifests in several ways and it is more severe in its disseminated form and in immunosuppressed patients, putting the patient at risk of death if not diagnosed in time. CASE PRESENTATION: This report presents the case of a 39-year-old white female patient, a seller of agricultural machinery, with a history of lupus erythematosus, who attended a private dental office complaining of a tongue lesion. The patient reported having been subjected to an incisional biopsy of this lesion and the histopathological examination identified an inflammatory process. Considering the inefficient management of the lesion with intralesional application of corticosteroids, squamous cell carcinoma or granulomatous fungal infection was suspected, and a new biopsy was performed allowing the diagnosis of histoplasmosis already spread to the liver, intestines, and bone marrow. The diagnosed disease led the patient to undergo extensive antifungal treatment, including a period of hospitalization. DISCUSSION: The diagnosis of histoplasmosis can be delayed due to several factors, mainly due to its diverse clinical presentation between acute, chronic and disseminated forms. However, achieving an early diagnosis for histoplasmosis is very important to maintain the patient's quality of life. CONCLUSION: Greater education, information, and awareness about histoplasmosis among health professionals are required for managing these cases, especially in endemic areas to H. capsulatum.

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AIM AND OBJECTIVE: To define the genotoxic potential of tobacco and alcohol in the oral mucosa through a micronuclei (MN) test. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Samples of exfoliative cells from oral mucosa were collected using superficial scraping of the right- and left-cheek mucosa of 83 patients divided into four groups, namely: (G1) 24 individuals abstaining from tobacco and alcoholic beverages; (G2) 23 individuals who smoke and abstain from alcoholic beverages; (G3) 24 smokers and alcoholics; and (G4) 12 individuals who consume alcohol and abstain from tobacco. The samples were stained with Giemsa-Wright, and the frequencies of MN, binucleated cells, and metanuclear changes were recorded in the samples of each group (1,000 cells per patient). RESULTS: Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed a difference between groups for changes concerning karyorrhexis (p = 0), pycnosis (p = 0.002), karyolysis (p = 0.003), and binucleated cells (p = 0.046). As for the total number of changes, G3, G2, and G4, respectively, were significantly higher than G1. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that the influence of smoking and drinking on exfoliating cells of oral mucosa may cause metanuclear changes due to genetic changes that these products cause, and the MN test is effective in detecting and monitoring such changes. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: MN test may work for constantly monitoring the oral mucosa of smokers and/or alcoholic patients, so that early cell changes may be diagnosed, preventing the genesis of oral cancer.

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AIM AND OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the epidemiological profile, oral health self-perception index, and level of satisfaction of users of complete implant-supported overdentures that had been used for at least 1 year and were made at the School of Dentistry of the University of Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (FO/UPF), between 2014 and 2019. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample consisted of 30 patients with overdentures, who were selected from the dental records filed at the institution. Data on general health and the dental implants involved (brand, type of prosthetic connection, number of implants, and additional overdenture retention system) were collected from the medical records. The 30 patients were invited to answer the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) and visual analog scale (VAS) questionnaires, and due to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, it was possible to contact 15 patients. RESULTS: Most of the prostheses studied were mandibular overdentures, and 66.66% of the cases were retained by the O-ring system. As for the oral health self-perception of the individuals, it was concluded that male patients had a lower mean overall score (p = 0.047) and functional domain (p = 0.042) in the OHIP-14. The number of implants and the installation arch interfered with functional domain and psychological capacity (p <0.05). The VAS showed that women have greater esthetic satisfaction with prostheses (p = 0.048) and that the bar-clip retention system is more satisfactory than the O-ring (p = 0.017). CONCLUSION: Despite the limitations of overdentures, it was noted that, when properly indicated, they are a viable option for oral rehabilitation on implants. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Oral rehabilitation well-indicated with overdentures, especially those retained by the bar-clip system, results in an improvement in the patients' quality of life.

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OBJECTIVE: This systematic review assesses the prevalence of microbial complexes in endodontic-periodontal lesion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nine databases were searched through August 2020. Experts were consulted to indicate additional studies. Studies were blindly selected by two reviewers based on pre-defined eligibility criteria. Studies that evaluated the prevalence of microbial orange and red complexes among patients with endodontic-periodontal lesion were considered eligible. Risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Studies Reporting Prevalence Data. RESULTS: From 572 articles found on all databases, 11 clinical studies were finally included. The following microorganisms were investigated: P. gingivalis, T. forsythia, T. denticola, F. nucleatum, F. periodonticum, P. micra, P. intermedia, P. nigrescens, S. constellatus, C. gracilis, C. rectus, C. showae and E. nodatum. Considering the orange complex, P. micra, E. nodatum and S. constellatus were prevalent in both root canal and periodontal pockets. P. gingivalis and T. forsythia belonging to the red complex were prevalent only in periodontal pockets. The red complex microorganisms were not found very frequently in root canal. CONCLUSIONS: There is a similarity between the microbiome of root canal and periodontal pockets, with prevalence of the three microorganisms of the orange complex. Two microorganisms from the red complex were prevalent only in periodontal pockets. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The prevalence of specific microorganisms in endodontic-periodontal lesion is important to understand the microbiological profile of the patients involved and to correlate it with possible clinical and repair conditions of this pathology.

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INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Orthognathic surgery aims to restore the functional and esthetic standards of the face and non-surgical or minimally invasive procedures have been optimizing the results of facial orthosurgical treatments. This case report aimed to show the use of minimally invasive techniques that, associated with orthognathic surgery, represent a trend in current oral and maxillofacial rehabilitation. CASE PRESENTATION: A female patient, 28 years old, white, sought care from the Dentistry team of the São Vicente de Paulo Hospital, in Passo Fundo, Brazil, complaining of mandibular prognathism, anteroposterior maxillary deficiency, dental crowding, malocclusion, functional and esthetic changes that negatively affected her psychosocial interactions and stomatognathic function. The treatment involved orthodontics, orthognathic surgery, and orofacial harmonization with dermal fillers. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: The multidisciplinarity among the specialties of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology, Orthodontics, and Orofacial Harmonization add and contribute to the process of planning and implementing the treatment proposed, as well as the prognosis toward patient satisfaction. CONCLUSION: The surgical procedure associated with minimally invasive facial harmonization not only corrected the functional complaint of the patient but also played an important role in improving facial harmony, contributing significantly to self-esteem.

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The literature does not clearly define the assignments of Community Health Workers (CHW) in the field of oral health. This study aimed to redefine the main assignments of CHW regarding their work processes in oral health in basic health care. A theoretical-logical model based on an official publication from the Brazilian Ministry of Health, with six dimensions of work, was used. The model was built based on the assignments of CHW in Dentistry and sent to 30 experts chosen intentionally for the consensual study, using the Delphi technique. The matrix presented the following dimensions: registration of families, mapping the coverage area, home visits, work with community health education, participation in the community, and intersectoral work. These dimensions were detailed with sub-dimensions and measurable criteria. After the study participants analyzed the dimensions, two criteria were excluded. Fourteen experts concluded the study. The final matrix showed the need for CHW to be trained in several oral health topics. This study provides an objective framework of the work process of CHW in oral health and shows their ability to perform oral health promotion, surveillance, prevention, and education actions.

As atribuições dos Agentes Comunitários em Saúde (ACS) na área da saúde bucal não estão claramente especificadas na literatura. Este estudo objetivou redefinir as principais atribuições dos ACS em relação aos processos de trabalho em saúde bucal na atenção básica à saúde. Utilizou-se um modelo teórico lógico baseado em publicação oficial do Ministério da Saúde, com seis dimensões de trabalho. O modelo construído sobre as atribuições dos ACS na Odontologia foi enviado a trinta "experts" escolhidos de forma intencional para o estudo consensual através da técnica Delphi. A matriz apresentou como dimensões: cadastramento das famílias, mapeamento da área de atuação, visita domiciliar, trabalhando educação em saúde na comunidade, participação na comunidade e atuação intersetorial. O detalhamento dessas dimensões foi realizado com subdimensões e critérios mensuráveis. Depois de analisadas as dimensões pelos participantes do estudo, dois critérios foram excluídos. Quatorze experts realizaram o estudo por completo. A matriz final demonstrou a necessidade do ACS estar capacitado em diversos tópicos de saúde bucal. Este estudo fornece uma imagem-objetivo do processo de trabalho do ACS em saúde bucal e demonstra a capacidade do mesmo de realizar atividades de promoção, vigilância, prevenção e educação em saúde bucal.

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Resumo As atribuições dos Agentes Comunitários em Saúde (ACS) na área da saúde bucal não estão claramente especificadas na literatura. Este estudo objetivou redefinir as principais atribuições dos ACS em relação aos processos de trabalho em saúde bucal na atenção básica à saúde. Utilizou-se um modelo teórico lógico baseado em publicação oficial do Ministério da Saúde, com seis dimensões de trabalho. O modelo construído sobre as atribuições dos ACS na Odontologia foi enviado a trinta "experts" escolhidos de forma intencional para o estudo consensual através da técnica Delphi. A matriz apresentou como dimensões: cadastramento das famílias, mapeamento da área de atuação, visita domiciliar, trabalhando educação em saúde na comunidade, participação na comunidade e atuação intersetorial. O detalhamento dessas dimensões foi realizado com subdimensões e critérios mensuráveis. Depois de analisadas as dimensões pelos participantes do estudo, dois critérios foram excluídos. Quatorze experts realizaram o estudo por completo. A matriz final demonstrou a necessidade do ACS estar capacitado em diversos tópicos de saúde bucal. Este estudo fornece uma imagem-objetivo do processo de trabalho do ACS em saúde bucal e demonstra a capacidade do mesmo de realizar atividades de promoção, vigilância, prevenção e educação em saúde bucal.

Abstract The literature does not clearly define the assignments of Community Health Workers (CHW) in the field of oral health. This study aimed to redefine the main assignments of CHW regarding their work processes in oral health in basic health care. A theoretical-logical model based on an official publication from the Brazilian Ministry of Health, with six dimensions of work, was used. The model was built based on the assignments of CHW in Dentistry and sent to 30 experts chosen intentionally for the consensual study, using the Delphi technique. The matrix presented the following dimensions: registration of families, mapping the coverage area, home visits, work with community health education, participation in the community, and intersectoral work. These dimensions were detailed with sub-dimensions and measurable criteria. After the study participants analyzed the dimensions, two criteria were excluded. Fourteen experts concluded the study. The final matrix showed the need for CHW to be trained in several oral health topics. This study provides an objective framework of the work process of CHW in oral health and shows their ability to perform oral health promotion, surveillance, prevention, and education actions.

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OBJECTIVE: This randomized clinical trial aimed to evaluate the marginal bone loss and peri-implant aspects in patients with mandibular overdentures retained by one or two implants and assess patient satisfaction, prosthesis-related clinical outcomes, and masticatory efficiency. METHODS: Patients from the School of Dentistry of the University of Passo Fundo (UPF) with lower conventional complete dentures dissatisfied with prosthetic retention were selected. Eighteen patients were analyzed and divided into randomized treatment groups: GA, installation of one implant in the midline of the mandibular symphysis (8 patients), and GB, installation of two implants in the lower canine region (10 patients). Implant survival and prosthetic maintenance were assessed by clinical and radiographic examinations performed 6 months after implant placement and 3 months after loading. Finally, the masticatory efficiency of the prostheses was evaluated with the QoLIP-10 (Quality of Life with Implant-Prostheses) questionnaire, and the degree of patient satisfaction used the visual analog scale (VAS). RESULTS: Regarding the esthetic satisfaction of the patients, there was no statistical difference between the two groups studied (p = 0.680). Patients who received two implants presented easier chewing (p = 0.049) and a lower average number of prosthesis maintenance. There was no difference between the groups regarding peri-implant bone resorption 3 months after the use of prostheses. CONCLUSIONS: The use of two dental implants showed higher masticatory ability and lower need for maintenance appointments when compared with one implant in mandibular overdentures but did not affect peri-implant aspects and patient satisfaction. The treatment using one implant was effective for the aspects evaluated, but further clinical studies are required on the subject.

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OBJECTIVE: To perform an epidemiological survey comparing the cell proliferative activity of 107 cases of oral leukoplakia with their clinical and histopathological characteristics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional, observational, and histological-histochemical study. The cases came from the Histopathological Diagnostic Service of UPF/RS and the School of Dentistry of Araçatuba FOA/UNESP/SP (1986-2016). The histopathological sections were stained using the silver staining (AgNOR) technique and the nuclei of 100 epithelial cells selected randomly were recorded to count the number of nucleolar organizer regions (NORs). The mean NORs per lesion were correlated to clinical and histological characteristics using ANOVA, at 5% significance. RESULTS: Most of the cases included men (62.62%), white (64.49%), and with an average age of 53.94 years. The most probable etiological factors were smoking (44.7%) and alcohol consumption (9.85%). The evolution time of most lesions was fast (33.65%), manifesting mainly in the form of plaques (70.37%) and without symptoms (58.88%). They were located mainly in the cheek mucosa (26.62%) and presented white color (66.35%), well-defined edges (59.81%), firm consistency (47.5%), and keratinized surface (49.53%). Etiological factor (p = 0.003), evolution time (p = 0.006), symptoms (p = 0.029), location (p = 0.020), consistency (p = 0.047), histopathological characteristics (p = 0.004), and superficial keratinization (p = 0.001) were statistically significant regarding the mean NORs of the leukoplakias studied. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Oral leukoplakias caused by alcohol consumption and/or tobacco use, considering an evolution time of fewer than 12 months, asymptomatic, located in the lower lip or tongue, and with a firm consistency and increased superficial keratinization should be treated more aggressively by the clinician to avoid cancerization.

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BACKGROUND: To assess the radiographic third molar maturation with internationally developed techniques for age estimation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study analyzed 1,062 panoramic radiographs of patients treated at the School of Dentistry of the University of Passo Fundo/RS/Brazil, between 2009 and 2020. The patients were separated into ages between 15.00 and 23.99 years and, for each radiograph, the third molars were classified into stages from 1 to 10, with the subsequent application of one of the formulae proposed by Gunst et al. A dichotomous variable indicating whether each individual was younger or older than 18 was calculated from the chronological age of the individuals. A logistic regression model was adjusted to assess whether the third molar stages are correlated with the age of individuals. RESULTS: The error indicators between estimated and chronological ages showed that mean errors closer to zero are seen in the 18-18.9 and 17-17.9 age groups, respectively. Male individuals were earlier in terms of dental mineralization but there were no significant differences between sexes regarding the applicability of the method. The ROC curve shows that the analysis of a single third molar for age estimation gives a maximum of 70.4% reliability. CONCLUSIONS: The moderate performance of the technique tested in the present study justify future country-specific corrections to improve age estimation from the radiographic assessment of third molar maturity. Key words:Dental age estimation, forensic dentistry, radiology, third molar.

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Resumo Este estudo piloto testou a hipótese de que os dispositivos temporários de ancoragem (DATs) fabricados de Aço 316L são mais resistentes à corrosão, mesmo em meio com flúor, do que os DATs fabricados a partir de ligas de titânio, para tanto foram realizadas medições eletroquímicas em Potenciostato. Materiais e Métodos: Quatro amostras de cada material foram testadas em cada conjunto de teste, a formulação artificial de saliva de Fusayama foi usada como eletrólito solução neste estudo de corrosão in vitro, sem flúor em sua composição e, em um segundo momento, com a concentração de 1500ppM de flúor em sua composição. No teste, uma polarização catódica foi então realizada aumentando essa voltagem por 5 minutos ou até que se obtivessem os pitins de corrosão. Em saliva artificial contendo até 1500ppmF- foi repetido esse teste com novas amostras de cada material em solução de saliva artificial sem a presença de flúor. Resultados: Os resultados de escala de corrente de indução foram inseridos no software OriginPro8 para confecção dos gráficos de valores. Tratando-se de um número reduzido de amostras, para não violar a confiabilidade do estudo, não se realizou teste estatístico. Dentre todas as ligas metálicas utilizadas atualmente, a liga de Ti6Al4V apresentou uma boa resistência à corrosão em saliva artificial. Entretanto a corrosão dessas ligas ocorre em contato com altas concentrações de flúor, diferentemente da liga de Aço 316L, que além da corrosão faz a passivação da superfície. (AU)

Abstract The aim of this pilot study was to test the hypothesis that temporary anchoring devices (TADs) made of 316L steel are more resistant to corrosion even in fluorine environment than DATs manufactured in addition to titanium alloys, for this Potentiostat electrochemical measurements were performed. Materials and Methods: Four pieces of each material were tested in each test set, an application of Fusayama artificial saliva was used as an electrolytic solution in this study of in vitro corrosion, without fluorine in its composition and in a second moment with 1500ppM of fluorine in its composition. In the test, a cathodic polarization was performed by increasing this voltage for 5 minutes or until the corrosion pins were obtained. In artificial saliva containing up to 1500ppmF- this test was repeated with new samples of each material in artificial saliva solution without fluorine. Results: The results of the induction current scale were inserted into OriginPro8 software for making value graphs. As there was a small number of samples, in order not to violate the study's reliability no statistical test was performed. Among all metal alloys currently used the Ti6Al4V alloy showed good resistance to corrosion in artificial saliva. However, the corrosion of these alloys occurs in contact with high fluorine concentration, unlike 316L steel alloy, which in addition to corrosion makes surface passivation. (AU)

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AIM: This study relates the average number of nucleolar organizing regions (NORs) obtained in a series of cases of oral leukoplakia, with three methods of histopathological classification of such lesion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a histopathological-histochemical laboratory cross-sectional study. The 18 cases of leukoplakia analyzed were filed at Pathology Service of the Biological Sciences Institute of the University of Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (SDH/ICB/UPF) (2017 and 2018), from which epidemiological data were extracted. New histological sections were performed for impregnation by the argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNOR) technique. The histopathological slides were analyzed by photon microscopy (1,000×), and the nuclei of 100 epithelial cells were photographed to count the number of NORs. Three methods were used for the lesions' histopathological classification [World Health Organization (WHO), Brothwell, and binary system]. The means of NORs were compared with the three histopathological classifications by means of the t or analysis of variance (ANOVA) statistical tests, at a significance level of 5%. RESULTS: According to the WHO classification method, most cases (11-61.1%) had a moderate classification. Evaluations by the Brothwell method showed moderate and mild classification in 50 and 38.9% of cases, respectively. According to the binary system, most cases (10-55.6%) had low risk. The average NORs found in 100 nuclei of each of the 18 lesions ranged from 2 to 4. When crossing the average NORs with the histopathological classification methods of the lesions by means of the t test or ANOVA, no significant relationship was noted. CONCLUSION: The average of NORs is not associated with the histological classifications of leukoplakias. Thus, the AgNOR method should be used with caution when differentiating different histological grades of leukoplakias. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The AgNOR method should be used with caution to determine the clinical treatment of oral leukoplakias, since no agreement was observed between this method and the histopathological classifications available for such lesion.

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O objetivo deste estudo é apresentar e discutir as principais etiologias das lesões endo-periodontais com intuito de auxiliar o Cirurgião-dentista na busca de um correto diagnóstico clínico e posterior tratamento. Foram coletados dados na literatura, pertinentes ao assunto, nas plataformas de busca de dados Crochane, Medline, PubMed e Scielo, contendo artigos científicos no período de 01/2002 até 06/2019, nos idiomas inglês e português. Com isso, os resultados dessa busca foram selecionados pelos seguintes critérios: estudos abrangendo a etiologia das lesões endo-periodontais, estudos com metodologias e resultados claros, objetivos e pesquisas in vivo ou in vitro devidamente estruturadas e com resultados relevantes para a comunidade científica. Os critérios de exclusão foram os artigos que não apresentassem nenhum dos objetivos a serem pesquisados. Assim, os resultados encontrados no estudo foram: 73 artigos, incluídos 23 artigos e 50 artigos excluídos. As etiologias das lesões endo-periodontais estão relacionadas a diferentes alterações patológicas nos tecidos pulpares e/ou periodonto, entre elas pode-se considerar a anatomia dental, doença periodontal, doença endodôntica, microbiota, cárie dentária, biofilme dental, trauma dental, reabsorções dentárias, tratamento endodôntico deficiente, fraturas, mal formações dentárias, iatrogênias, entre outros. Assim, o Cirurgião-Dentista deve estar atento às diversas etiologias para futuramente elaborar um diagnóstico e um plano de tratamento eficiente baseado na fonte de origem dessa lesão endo-periodontal (AU)

The objective of this study is to present and discuss the main etiologies of the endo-periodontal lesions in order to assist the dentist in the search for a correct clinical diagnosis and subsequent treatment. Data were collected from the Crochane, Google Scholar, Medline, PubMed and Scielo data search platforms, containing scientific articles from 01/2002 to 06/2019, in the English and Portuguese languages. The results of this search were selected according to the following criteria: studies covering the etiology of endo-periodontal lesions, studies with clear methodologies and results, objectives and in vivo or in vitro research, duly structured and with relevant results for the scientific community. Exclusion criteria were articles that did not present any of the objectives to be investigated. Thus, the results found in the study were: 73 articles, including 23 articles and 50 excluded articles. The etiologies of the endo-periodontal lesions are related to different pathological alterations in the pulp and / or periodontal tissues, among them the dental anatomy, periodontal disease, endodontic disease, microbiota, dental biofilm, dental trauma, dental resorption, poor endodontic treatment, fractures, dental malformations, iatrogenes, among others. Thus, the Dentist should be aware of the different etiologies in order to elaborate a diagnosis and an efficient treatment plan based on the source of the endo-periodontal lesion. (AU)

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O presente estudo objetivou descrever dois casos clínicos de recessão gengival em incisivos inferiores Classe II de Miller, tratados através da técnica de enxerto gengival livre. Ambos pacientes eram do gênero feminino, com condição sistêmica saudável e procuraram atendimento em consultório particular. O diagnóstico e plano de tratamento foi enxertia gengival para os dois casos e o prognóstico considerado favorável. A sequência da técnica cirúrgica foi descrita para cada situação clínica individual. Também foi relatado o pós-operatório e a preservação dos dois casos clínicos. Observou-se que o recobrimento radicular foi obtido para as duas situações clínicas, sendo que o caso 1 teve um maior percentual de recobrimento de 90% e apresentou um "crepping attachment", e o caso 2, em função da altura da recessão, teve um recobrimento de 57%, que são resultados considerados favoráveis para a técnica empregada. Pôde-se concluir que a técnica cirúrgica executada nesta descrição clínica foi resolutiva no aspecto de efetivo ganho de gengiva ceratinizada em parte da área desnuda, possibilitando melhorias na condição de saúde periodontal e nos métodos de higiene adotados pelo paciente. (AU)

The present study aimed at modifying the clinical cases of Miller's Class II in lower lateral incisor gingival recessions, followed by the free gingival graft technique. Both patients were of the female gender, had a healthy systemic condition and were attended in a private practice, the diagnosis and plan of treatment was gingival graft for both cases and the prognosis were considered favorable. The sequence of the surgical technique was reported for each individual clinical situation. The postoperative period and the proservation of the two clinical cases were also reported. It was observed that the root coverage was revised for both clinical situations, with case 1 having a higher percentage of root coverage of 90% and presenting a "creping attachment", and case 2, as a function of the height of recession has covering of 57%, which is results considered favorable for the technique used. It was concluded that the surgical technique used in the description of this case was decisive in the effective gain of keratinized gingiva in the recession area, allowing for improvements in periodontal health and the hygiene methods adopted by the patient (AU)

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