RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Morbid obesity is a disease that must be treated comprehensively (i.e. multi/interdisciplinary). Bariatric surgery is an effective and secure procedure for treating this health condition; however, the higher the weight is, the greater the risk of morbimortality might be. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to determine the effects of a multidisciplinary treatment program on metabolic and anthropometric parameters and the physical condition of bariatric surgery candidates. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 1 man and 9 women of ~42.5 years old, with morbid obesity ( n = 3) or obesity and comorbilities (diabetes mellitus type II, hypertension, dyslipidemia and insulin resistance) (n = 7), all of them candidates for bariatric surgery, were submitted to physical exercise, psychological support and nutritional education, 3 times a week during 3 months. 72 hours before and after the last intervention session: body mass; fat mass index; BMI; waist circumference; physical condition; glycemia; HDL, LDL and total cholesterol; and triglycerides, were assessed (with a ≥12-hour fast). RESULTS: After intervention, body mass (p=0.004), BMI (p=0.002), fat mass index (p=0.047) and physical condition (p=0.000) showed significant changes. Despite their tendency to decrease, remaining variables did not show significant changes. CONCLUSIONS: A comprehensive reasonable-frequent, short intervention (i.e. 3 sessions per week, during 3 months) may lead to significant weight and body fat loss, apart from enhancing considerably the physical condition of candidates for bariatric surgery. Longer time and/ or higher frequency in interventions might be necessary in order to modify significantly plasmatic variables.
Introducción: La obesidad morbida es una enfermedad que debe ser tratada de forma integral (i.e., multi/ interdisciplinar). Para esta condicion la cirugia bariatrica es efectiva y segura en el tratamiento, sin embargo, a mayor peso preoperatorio podria aumentar la morbimortalidad. Objetivo: El objetivo del estudio es determinar los efectos de un programa de tratamiento interdisciplinar sobre parametros metabolicos, antropometricos y la condicion fisica en candidatos a cirugia bariatrica. Material y métodos: Un hombre y nueve mujeres con un promedio de 42,5 anos de edad con obesidad morbida (n = 3) u obesidad y comorbilidades (diabetes mellitus tipo II, hipertension arterial, dislipidemia, resistencia a la insulina) (n=7) candidatos a cirugia bariatrica, fueron sometidos a ejercicio fisico, apoyo psicologico y educacion nutricional, tres veces por semana durante tres meses. Antes y 72 horas despues de la ultima sesion de intervencion se evaluo (en ayuno ≥12 horas): masa corporal, porcentaje de masa grasa, IMC, perimetro de cintura, condicion fisica, glicemia, colesterol total, colesterol HDL, colesterol LDL y trigliceridos. Resultados: Posterior a la intervencion la masa corporal (p=0,004), el IMC (p=0,002), el porcentaje de masa grasa (p=0,047) y la condicion fisica (p=0,000) presentaron cambios significativos. Las demas variables dependientes no presentaron cambios significativos, aunque tendieron a disminuir. Conclusiones: Una intervencion integral de frecuencia moderada y corta duracion (i.e., tres sesiones/semana durante tres meses) permitiria reducir significativamente el peso y la grasa corporal, ademas de mejorar considerablemente la condicion fisica en candidatos a cirugia bariatrica. Una mayor duracion y/o frecuencia de intervencion podria ser necesaria para modificar significativamente variables plasmaticas.