RESUMO
Two experimental models were tried in young malnourished rats in order to study effect of an hyperosmolar challenge in the small intestine on the bi-directional fluxes of sodium. Weanling rats were fed with energy restricted diets. In model I 1 mL of NaCl 900 mOsm/kg was introduced in the small intestine of the rats and left from 5 up to 70 min, in order to determine the moment of higher net Na+ secretion, which occurred at 10 min. In model II, the bi-directional fluxes of Na+ and Cl- were studied using NaCl or mannitol 900 mOsm/kg under the effect of mecholil, atropine or 2-4 dinitrophenol, for 10 min. Mecholil decreased the Na+ absorption enhancing the net secretion. Control rats were used as reference. In the restricted diets animals occurred an increase of the net secretion stimulated by NaCl 900 mOsm/kg, and this effect was enhanced by mecholil. It is suggested that in malnutrition there is an impairment in Na- intestinal absorption.
Assuntos
Soluções Hipertônicas/farmacocinética , Absorção Intestinal/fisiologia , Distúrbios Nutricionais/fisiopatologia , Sódio/metabolismo , Animais , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Soluções Hipertônicas/administração & dosagem , Masculino , Manitol/administração & dosagem , Manitol/farmacocinética , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Solução Salina Hipertônica/administração & dosagem , Solução Salina Hipertônica/farmacocinéticaRESUMO
Rats initially weighing 138 +/- 14 g were fed the following diets for 150 days: control (Co), control plus nitrite-bacon-proline 24 mg/kg, 100 g/kg and 10 mg/kg, respectively (NB), NB plus 0.04 micrograms/g selenium (NBSe) and NB plus 0.020 g/kg ascorbic acid (NBC). The NB diet provoked body weight and feeding efficiency enhancement with a reduction in body density increasing serum lactic acid, uric acid and cholesterol levels. The serum selenium decreased by the presence of NB in the diet. The addition of selenium and ascorbic acid to the NB diet prevented the reduction in body density and also affected uric acid and cholesterol levels. It is suggested that the NB diet has adverse effects and that some of the alterations it causes are prevented by the reducing elements selenium and ascorbic acid.
Assuntos
Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Dieta/normas , Nitritos/farmacologia , Animais , Antioxidantes/análise , Antioxidantes/normas , Ácido Ascórbico/farmacologia , Glicemia/análise , Índice de Massa Corporal , Peso Corporal/efeitos dos fármacos , Colesterol/sangue , Ingestão de Alimentos/efeitos dos fármacos , Lactatos/sangue , Masculino , Carne/análise , Carne/normas , Nitritos/análise , Nitritos/normas , Prolina/farmacologia , Ratos , Selênio/farmacologia , Suínos , Ácido Úrico/sangueRESUMO
Two groups of nine weanling male rats each were fed different diets for 60 days. Group A (control) was fed a full casein diet containing 17% protein. The group B received the same diet plus nitrite, fried bacon and proline. Diet B induced increased body weight gain and increased plasma l-lactic acid and cholesterol levels, as well as a decrease in plasma selenium. We suggest that the adverse effects of diet B are related to peroxidation, with an increased nutritional need for selenium.
Assuntos
Deficiências Nutricionais/metabolismo , Animais , Deficiências Nutricionais/sangue , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Masculino , RatosRESUMO
Dams (rats) and their offsprings were fed on diets containing casein (Cas) or rice and beans (RB) as protein source. The presence of lactose improved the whole animal as well as the intestinal development in Cas diet but not from RB ones. It is suggested that lactose must be maintained permanently in diet but in low concentration. In this investigation it was also observed that the small intestinal development occurs initially by enhancement of length and weight, while after weaning only weight continues to increase independently of the presence or not of lactose in diet.
Assuntos
Dieta , Crescimento/efeitos dos fármacos , Lactose/farmacologia , Animais , Peso Corporal/efeitos dos fármacos , Feminino , Absorção Intestinal , Intestino Delgado/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Intestino Delgado/fisiologia , Masculino , Tamanho do Órgão/efeitos dos fármacos , Ratos , Ratos EndogâmicosRESUMO
Weanling and young adult rats were fed diets containing lactose (L) up to 50 g per 100 g diet for 15 days. The growth rats variation (W), fecal pH, net protein ratio (NPR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) were determined. In weanling as well as in young adult rats an impairment of L was only detected for higher levels (greater than 20%), and diarrhea occurred only at 50%. The NPR and PER were partially effected by L because of the stimulation of appetite between 1 and 5 g%. The results for 10 and 20 g% of L were not different from controls. It was concluded that rats are not intolerant to levels of L less than or equal to 20%. The evaluation of protein quality in presence of L must be conducted with adapted methodology.
Assuntos
Dieta , Proteínas Alimentares/metabolismo , Lactose/administração & dosagem , Animais , Peso Corporal , Fezes , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Lactose/metabolismo , Lactose/farmacologia , Intolerância à Lactose/metabolismo , Masculino , Modelos Biológicos , RatosRESUMO
A study was conducted using two experimental models with weanling rats of the Wistar strain fed isocaloric diets containing 7% protein, Model I: two genetic varieties of maize were used; common corn (CC) or opaque-2-corn (M); and Model II: casein, 7% protein used without nicotinic acid in the diet in order to enhance the tryptophan limiting conditions like in the CC diet of Model I. PER, nitrogen balance, urinary urea and hepatic fat were determined. The results suggest that the imbalance of CC protein is related to lysine and tryptophan limitation, although the leucine excess content also plays an important role.
Assuntos
Proteínas Alimentares/administração & dosagem , Leucina/metabolismo , Proteínas de Plantas , Zea mays , Aminoácidos/metabolismo , Animais , Peso Corporal , Dieta , Feminino , Masculino , Nitrogênio/metabolismo , Valor Nutritivo , Ratos , Ratos Endogâmicos , Ureia/metabolismoRESUMO
Ratos recem desmamados ou jovens adultos foram alimentados por 15 dias com dietas contendo lactose (L) ate niveis de 50%g.Determinou-se a velocidade de crescimento, pH fecal, indice liquido da eficiencia proteica (PER). Em todos os animais foi observado efeito de L da dieta apenas para teores de L > 20g%, com aparecimento de diarreia apenas em 50g%. Quanto as determinacoes de NPR e de PER houve influencia do incremento do apetite influenciado por teores de L entre 1 e 5g%, entretanto, para L, 10 ou 20g%, os valores foram semelhantes aos dos controles. Conclui-se que os ratos nao sao intolerantes a lactose ate valores de 20%, mas os metodos de avaliacao da qualidade proteica devem ser adaptados
Assuntos
Masculino , Animais , Ratos , Dieta , Lactose , Intolerância à LactoseRESUMO
Se llevo a cabo un estudio en dos modelos experimentales usando ratas recien destetadas de la cepa Wistar, las que se alimentaron con dos dietas isocaloricas que contenian 7% de proteina. En la elaboracion de la dieta Modelo I se utilizaron dos variedades geneticas de maiz, maiz comun (MC) o maiz Opaco-2(M). La dieta Modelo II contenia: caseina al 7% de proteina libre de acido nicotinico, a fin de realzar las condiciones limitantes del triptofano, al igual que en la dieta MC del Modelo I. Luego se determino el balance de nitrogeno, urea urinaria y grasa hepatica.Los resultados sugirieron que el desbalance de la proteina del MC esta relacionado con las limitaciones en cuanto al contenido de lisina y triptofano, aun cuando el exceso de leucina tambien desempena un papel de importancia
Assuntos
Masculino , Feminino , Animais , Ratos , Leucina , Proteínas de Vegetais Comestíveis , Zea maysRESUMO
Free amino acid concentration in the plasma of rats fed on different diets were compared. The diets contained 7 g protein/100 g furnished by: casein, or common corn, or opaque 2 corn, or eggalbumin, or gelatin. A protein free diet was also included. The results showed that imbalance of the protein diet influenced the appetite; whenever the NE/E aminoacid ratio increased, body development, appetite and plasma albumin decreased. An inverse correlation between the NE/E of free aminoacids of the plasma and voluntary intake was observed. The results also show that the plasma aminogram did not reflect the composition of the protein in the diet. The results obtained are discussed.