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OBJECTIVES: Children with microcephaly exhibit neurodevelopmental delays and compromised communicative functioning, yielding challenges for clinical assessment and informed intervention. This study characterized auditory neural function and communication abilities in children with microcephaly due to congenital Zika syndrome (CZS). DESIGN: Click-evoked auditory brainstem responses (ABR) at fast and slow stimulation rates and natural speech-evoked cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEP) were recorded in 25 Brazilian children with microcephaly related to CZS ( M age: 5.93 ± 0.62 years) and a comparison group of 25 healthy children ( M age: 5.59 ± 0.80 years) matched on age, sex, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. Communication abilities in daily life were evaluated using caregiver reports on Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales-3. RESULTS: Caregivers of children with microcephaly reported significantly lower than typical adaptive functioning in the communication and socialization domains. ABR wave I latency did not differ significantly between the groups, suggesting comparable peripheral auditory function. ABR wave V absolute latency and waves I-V interwave latency were significantly shorter in the microcephaly group for both ears and rates. CAEP analyses identified reduced N2 amplitudes in children with microcephaly as well as limited evidence of speech sound differentiation, evidenced mainly by the N2 response latency. Conversely, in the comparison group, speech sound differences were observed for both the P1 and N2 latencies. Exploratory analyses in the microcephaly group indicated that more adaptive communication was associated with greater speech sound differences in the P1 and N2 amplitudes. The trimester of virus exposure did not have an effect on the ABRs or CAEPs. CONCLUSIONS: Microcephaly related to CZS is associated with alterations in subcortical and cortical auditory neural function. Reduced ABR latencies differ from previous reports, possibly due to the older age of this cohort and careful assessment of peripheral auditory function. Cortical speech sound detection and differentiation are present but reduced in children with microcephaly. Associations between communication performance in daily life and CAEPs highlight the value of auditory evoked potentials in assessing clinical populations with significant neurodevelopmental disabilities.
Assuntos
Potenciais Evocados Auditivos do Tronco Encefálico , Microcefalia , Infecção por Zika virus , Humanos , Feminino , Infecção por Zika virus/fisiopatologia , Infecção por Zika virus/complicações , Infecção por Zika virus/congênito , Masculino , Microcefalia/fisiopatologia , Pré-Escolar , Potenciais Evocados Auditivos do Tronco Encefálico/fisiologia , Criança , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Potenciais Evocados Auditivos/fisiologia , BrasilRESUMO
A dissecção espontânea da artéria coronária é definida como uma dissecção coronária epicárdica não iatrogênica, não associada à aterosclerose ou a trauma. A lesão miocárdica ocorre devido à obstrução da artéria coronária causada por hematoma intramural ou ruptura da íntima, em vez de ruptura de placa aterosclerótica ou trombo intraluminal. Relatamos um caso de dissecção espontânea tipo 2 variante A no segmento médio da artéria descendente anterior apresentando-se como síndrome de Wellens tipo A, que necessitou de intervenção coronária percutânea para alívio de angina refratária e congestão pulmonar.
Spontaneous coronary artery dissection is defined as non-iatrogenic epicardial coronary dissection, not associated with atherosclerosis or trauma. Myocardial injury occurs due to coronary artery obstruction caused by intramural hematoma or intimal disruption, rather than atherosclerotic plaque rupture or intraluminal thrombus. We report a case of type 2 variant A spontaneous coronary artery dissection in the mid left anterior descending artery, presenting with type A Wellens' syndrome, which required percutaneous coronary intervention for relief of refractory angina and pulmonary congestion.
RESUMO
O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a técnica de uso dos dispositivos inalatórios em pacientes portadores de DPOC, atendidos no ambulatório de pneumologia de um Hospital Terciário na cidade do Recife-PE. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva, prospectiva, de corte transversal. Participaram da pesquisa 150 pessoas com diagnóstico de DPOC. Foram utilizados 02 instrumentos estruturados, um questionário demográfico e um checklist observacional. Para análise dos dados foi utilizado o software SPSS, versão 18. Os principais erros encontrados da técnica inalatória são: "Expirar o ar normalmente" e "Fazer pausa inspiratória de 10 segundos" (p-valor < 0,005). Em geral, a renda salarial baixa e o baixo nível de escolaridade foram determinantes para a inadequacidade da técnica inalatória. Estudos anteriores, nacionais e internacionais, corroboram na reprodução desses condicionantes.(AU)
The aim of this study was to evaluate the technique of inhaled devices used in patients with COPD, treated at a pulmonary outpatient clinic at a Tertiary Hospital in Recife, PE. It is a descriptive, prospective cross-sectional study. 150 people with a diagnosis of COPD participated in the study. We used 02 structured instruments, a demographic questionnaire and an observational checklist. The SPSS version 18 software was used to analyze the data. The main errors found in the inhalation technique were: "Exhale the air normally" and "Take a 10 second inspiratory pause" (p-value <0.005). In general, low wage income and low level of schooling were decisive for the inadequacy of the inhalation technique. Previous national and international studies corroborate the reproduction of these conditions.(AU)
El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el uso de dispositivos de inhalación en pacientes con EPOC tratados en la clínica de neumología ambulatoria de un hospital terciario en Recife-PE. Esta es una investigación descriptiva, prospectiva, transversal. 150 personas diagnosticadas con EPOC participaron en el estudio. Se utilizaron dos instrumentos estructurados, un cuestionario demográfico y una lista de verificación observacional. El software SPSS versión 18 se utilizó para el análisis de datos. Los principales errores encontrados en la técnica de inhalación fueron: "Exhalar normalmente" y "Tomar una pausa inspiratoria de 10 segundos" (valor de p <0,005). En general, los bajos ingresos salariales y el bajo nivel de educación fueron determinantes para la insuficiencia de la técnica de inhalación. Estudios nacionales e internacionales anteriores corroboram la reproducción de estas condiciones.(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Nebulizadores e Vaporizadores , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica , Pneumopatias Obstrutivas , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Cuidados de EnfermagemRESUMO
RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar a ocorrência de alterações fisiológicas adversas agudas e a presença de dor em recém-nascidos prematuros com síndrome do desconforto respiratório internados em uma unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal após a fisioterapia respiratória. Métodos: estudo transversal que avaliou 30 neonatos prematuros em três momentos, sendo eles Momento um (M1), antes da fisioterapia, Momento dois (M2), imediatamente após a fisioterapia, e Momento três (M3), 15 minutos após. Consideraram-se alterações fisiológicas as variações da frequência cardíaca (FC), da frequência respiratória (FR), da saturação periférica de oxigênio (SpO2) e da temperatura corporal. A presença de dor foi avaliada pelas escalas neonatal infant pain scale e neonatal facial coding system. Resultados: houve aumento estatisticamente significativo na FC no M2 quando comparados os três momentos, porém com retorno aos valores basais 15 minutos após a fisioterapia. Outras variáveis fisiológicas (FR, SpO2 e temperatura) e a avaliação da dor não apresentaram alterações significativas. Conclusão: parâmetros fisiológicos e comportamentais permaneceram estáveis após a realização da fisioterapia respiratória, com discretas alterações imediatamente após o procedimento, mas com retorno aos valores basais, indicando que a fisioterapia respiratória não alterou agudamente os sinais vitais e os níveis de dor dos neonatos.
RESUMEN Objetivo: evaluar cambios fisiológicos adversos agudos y la presencia de dolor en bebés prematuros con síndrome de dificultad respiratoria internados en una unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales después de fisioterapia respiratoria. Métodos: este fue un estudio transversal que evaluó a 30 recién nacidos prematuros en tres momentos: Momento Uno (M1), antes de la fisioterapia, Momento Dos (M2), inmediatamente después de la fisioterapia, y Momento Tres (M3), 15 minutos después. Los cambios fisiológicos incluyeron cambios en la frecuencia cardíaca (FC), en la frecuencia respiratoria (FR), en la saturación periférica de oxígeno (SpO2) y en la temperatura corporal. La presencia de dolor se evaluó mediante la escalas neonatal infant pain scale y neonatal facial coding system. Resultados: hubo un aumento estadísticamente significativo en la FC en el M2, pero con retorno al valor inicial 15 minutos después de la fisioterapia. Otras variables fisiológicas (FR, SpO2 y temperatura) y la evaluación del dolor no presentaron cambios significativos. Conclusión: los parámetros fisiológicos y de comportamiento se mantuvieron estables después de la fisioterapia respiratoria, con ligeros cambios inmediatamente después del procedimiento, pero con retorno a los valores basales, lo que indica que la fisioterapia respiratoria no alteró de manera aguda los signos vitales y los niveles de dolor en los recién nacidos.
ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the occurrence of acute adverse physiological alterations and the presence of pain in premature newborns with respiratory distress syndrome in a neonatal intensive care unit after chest physical therapy. Methods: a cross-sectional study evaluating 30 preterm neonates in three moments: Moment one (M1), before physical therapy, Moment two (M2), immediately after physical therapy, and Moment three (M3), 15 minutes after. Physiological alterations were considered as variations in heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), and body temperature. The presence of pain was assessed by the scales neonatal infant pain scale and neonatal facial coding system. Results: A statistically significant increase occurred in HR in M2 when comparing the three moments, but with return to baseline values 15 minutes after physical therapy. Other physiological variables (RR, SpO2,and temperature) and pain evaluation did not present significant alterations. Conclusion: physiological and behavioral parameters remained stable after chest physical therapy, with slight alterations immediately after the procedure, but with return to baseline values, indicating that physical therapy has not sharply altered vital signs and pain levels of neonates.
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Left ventricular dyssynchrony (LVD) is an independent predictor of adverse cardiovascular events, death, and progression to heart failure. Myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) with ECG-gated single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) can be used to diagnose LVD rapidly and automatically using phase analysis (PA). The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and predictors of LVD in patients undergoing MPI. Clinical, electrocardiographic, and scintigraphic data from 1000 patients who underwent MPI with ECG-gated SPECT over a period of 1 year were analyzed retrospectively. TheEmoryCardiac Toolboxsoftware was used for PA, and LVD was diagnosed based on the following criteria: standard deviation of LV phase distribution ≥43° and/or phase histogram ≥140° in the resting and/or stress phase of the examination. Several variables were evaluated using univariate and multivariate analyses. The prevalence of LVD in the study population was 6.5 %, and the average age was 63.6 ± 12 years. The variables significantly associated with LVD were male gender, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, coronary artery disease (CAD), QRS interval ≥120 ms, LV dysfunction, and myocardial perfusion defects (especially fixed defects) on MPI. Although the PA parameters were greater at rest, both phases could be used for diagnosis. Multivariate analysis revealed that the variables significantly associated with LVD were male sex, obesity, history of CAD, and QRS interval ≥120 ms. The overall prevalence of LVD was 6.5 % in patients undergoing MPI in this study, and it reached 42 % in the presence of certain risk factors.
Assuntos
Tomografia Computadorizada por Emissão de Fóton Único de Sincronização Cardíaca , Imagem de Perfusão do Miocárdio/métodos , Disfunção Ventricular Esquerda/diagnóstico por imagem , Função Ventricular Esquerda , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Eletrocardiografia , Feminino , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Multivariada , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Prevalência , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Disfunção Ventricular Esquerda/epidemiologia , Disfunção Ventricular Esquerda/fisiopatologiaRESUMO
The chromosomal phosphorylation of histone H3 during mitosis and meiosis seems to play a fundamental role in the control of cell division in all eukaryotes. In plants, the temporal and spatial distribution of H3S10 phosphorylated (H3S10ph) is currently known only for chromosomes of a few angiosperms. In the present study, we analyzed the pattern of H3S10ph in mitotic chromosomes of 14 plant species, including 2 bryophytes and 12 tracheophytes. In all species, the phosphorylation of H3S10 was cytologically detected first in prophase and disappeared in late anaphase. Two patterns of chromosomal phosphorylation were observed: (1) only the pericentromeric regions were hyperphosphorylated, whereas the remaining chromosome arms appeared weakly and diffusely immunolabeled, and (2) the whole chromosomes appear uniformly phosphorylated, increasing the labeling intensity at metaphase. The first pattern was observed in all tracheophytes with monocentric chromosomes, whereas the second one was restricted to the bryophytes and angiosperms with holokinetic chromosomes. In both cases, no particular kind of chromatin such as NORs or heterochromatic bands were differentially labeled. Based on this data and previous analyses in other eukaryotes, we suggest that hyperphosphorylation of the whole mitotic metaphase chromosome represents the ancestral condition for eukaryotic chromosomes, and the change to the pericentromeric pattern occurred in the transition from bryophytes to tracheophytes. The meaning and possible implications of these results are discussed in the light of recent and classical experiments.
Assuntos
Cromossomos de Plantas/genética , Embriófitas/genética , Embriófitas/metabolismo , Histonas/genética , Histonas/metabolismo , Fosforilação/genética , Metáfase/genética , Mitose/genéticaRESUMO
Crianças que apresentam crises epiléticas e história de fracasso escolar deveriam ser inclusas de rotina em exames como a vectoelectromistagmografia (Veng), audiometria de tronco cerebral (ABR) e processamento autidivo central (PAC). A informaçao provinda deste conjunto de testes pode auxiliar a elaboraçao de estratégias de reabilitaçao na terapia fonoaudiológica, além de auxiliar a identificaçao de doenças neurológicas progressivas.