RESUMO
A prospective study was conducted to evaluate two immunochromatography (ICG) commercial kits for diagnosis of rotavirus infection, VIKIA Rota-Adeno (bioMérieux) and Simple Rota-Adeno (Operon). Reverse transcriptase and polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with specific primers for the VP7 gene of group A rotavirus was used as the reference method. The sensitivity and specificity of the ICG tests compared with those of the reference method were 98.4% and 84.8%, respectively, for Simple Rota-Adeno (Operon), and 100% and 24.2% for VlKIA Rota-Adeno (bioMérieux). It is remarkable the low specificity of the latter method, which yields a high number of false positive results. The predictive value of a positive result by this method was only 71.6%. Most of the detected rotavirus strains corresponded to genotype G9P[8] (65%), followed by G1P[8] (25.4%) and G2P[8] (3.2%).
Assuntos
Kit de Reagentes para Diagnóstico , Infecções por Rotavirus/diagnóstico , Cromatografia , Humanos , Estudos Prospectivos , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Se realizó un estudio prospectivo para evaluar dos equipos comerciales inmunocromatográficos para el diagnóstico rápido de infección por rotavirus a partir de muestras fecales: VIKIA® Rota-Adeno, de bioMérieux, y Simple Rota- Adeno, de Operon. Como método de referencia se utilizó la transcripción reversa y reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (RT-PCR) con cebadores específicos del gen de la proteína VP7 de rotavirus del grupo A. La sensibilidad y la especificidad respecto de la RT-PCR fueron del 98,4% y 84,8% para el Simple Rota-Adeno, y del 100% y 24,2% para el VIKIA® Rota-Adeno. Es de destacar la baja especificidad de este último equipo diagnóstico, que presentó un elevado número de falsos positivos, por lo que el valor predictivo de un resultado positivo es sólo del 71,6%. Asimismo, se identificaron los genotipos de las cepas de rotavirus detectadas; la mayoría de ellas correspondieron al genotipo G9P(8) (65%), seguido de los genotipos G1P(8) (25,4%) y G2P(8) (3,2%).
A prospective study was conducted to evaluate two immunochromatography (ICG) commercial kits for diagnosis of rotavirus infection, VIKIA® Rota-Adeno (bioMérieux) and Simple Rota-Adeno (Operon). Reverse transcriptase and polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with specific primers for the VP7 gene of group A rotavirus was used as the reference method. The sensitivity and specificity of the ICG tests compared with those of the reference method were 98.4% and 84.8%, respectively, for Simple Rota-Adeno (Operon), and 100% and 24.2% for VIKIA® Rota-Adeno (bioMérieux). It is remarkable the low specificity of the latter method, which yields a high number of false positive results. The predictive value of a positive result by this method was only 71.6%. Most of the detected rotavirus strains corresponded to genotype G9P(8) (65%), followed by G1P(8) (25.4%) and G2P(8) (3.2%).
Assuntos
Humanos , Kit de Reagentes para Diagnóstico , Infecções por Rotavirus/diagnóstico , Cromatografia , Estudos Prospectivos , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
The structure of [Co(gly)(2)(OH)(2)].1.5(H(2)O) was solved by X-ray diffraction. It crystallizes in the space group P-1, with two independent dimmers in the unit cell. The results for the calculated vibrational spectra are in good agreement with the experimental one. The infrared spectrum and ab initio calculations are consistent with the crystallographic results.
Assuntos
Cobalto/química , Glicina/análogos & derivados , Glicina/química , Compostos Organometálicos/síntese química , Carbono/análise , Cristalização/métodos , Glicina/síntese química , Hidrogênio/análise , Modelos Moleculares , Estrutura Molecular , Nitrogênio/análise , Oxirredução , Oxigênio/análise , Análise Espectral/métodos , VibraçãoRESUMO
Determinar la tolerancia de la hernioplastia inguinal colocando cono protésico, con anestesia local en condición ambulatoria. Durante 2 años 73 pacientes portadores de hernias inguinales reunieron los criterios de inclusión y se les practicó hernioplastia inguinal con cono protésico según la técnica de Rutkow y Robbins bajo anestesia local y de forma ambulatoria. En éstos pacientes se midió la tolerancia basándose en los requerimientos de anestésico local y en la valoración subjetiva del paciente por el equipo quirúrgico, durante el procedimiento. El seguimiento se realizó por un año. Del total de 73 pacientes evaluados cuyas edades estuvieron comprendidas entre 13 y 76 años con una media de 38,62, se realizaron 63 herniorráfias en hombres y 10 en mujeres. El 97 por ciento (71) de las hernias eran primarias y solo 3 por ciento (2) recidivadas. El tipo de hernia más frecuente fue la directa con 37 pacientes lo que representó un 50,7 por ciento de todos los casos que conformaron la serie. La media de unidades de anestesia requerida durante el procedimiento fue de 6,7 unidades, la tolerancia según este criterio fue excelente en 35 por ciento (26) de los pacientes, buena en 21,9 por ciento (16) de los pacientes, regular en 32,9 por ciento (24) y mala en 9,6 por ciento (7). La tolerancia basada en la observación dl equipo quirúrgico fue excelente en 33 por ciento (24), buena en 52 por ciento (38), regular en 14 por ciento (10) y mala en 1 por ciento. La tasa de complicaciones fue del 16 por ciento y se presentó una sola recidiva lo que presentó el 1 por ciento. La hernioplastia por técnica de libre tensión con cono protésico según la técnica de Rutkow y Robbins es un procedimiento bien tolerado con anestesia local y en condición ambulatoria. En nuestro estudio obtuvimos niveles bajos de complicaciones y recidiva.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Hérnia Inguinal , Anestesia Local , Venezuela , MedicinaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The porcine virus denominated La Piedad Michoacan Virus (LPMV) is a member of the family Paramyxoviridae and is the cause of a disease in pigs present only in Mexico. The disease is characterized by meningoencephalitis and respiratory distress in young pigs, epididymitis and orchitis in boars, and reproductive failure and abortion in sows. METHODS: The cytopathology, morphology, and distribution of the hemagglutination neuraminidase (HN) and nucleoprotein (NP) proteins of LPMV were investigated following inoculation into PK-15 cells. The cytopathic effect was characterized by cytoplasmic vacuolation and the formation of syncytia and cytoplasmic inclusion bodies. RESULTS: In immunofluorescence assays using a monoclonal antibody (MAb) against the HN protein at 5-60 min post-infection (early infection), a diffuse immunofluorescence was observed near the cell membrane and adjacent to the nuclear membrane. At 24 h post-infection (late infection), a dust-like immunofluorescence was observed throughout the cytoplasm. LPMV-infected cells incubated with the MAb against the NP protein showed punctate cytoplasmic fluorescence during the early stages of infection. At the late infection stage, these fluorescent particles became larger and were seen predominantly in the cytoplasm of syncytia. This pattern was also apparent by immunohistochemical labeling and immunogold electron microscopy. The latter technique revealed that HN protein was diffusely distributed throughout the cytoplasm. When using the MAb against the NP protein, nucleocapsid organization was the most prominent feature and resulted in the formation of cytoplasmic inclusion bodies visible by light and electron microscopy. Immunogold labeling of purified nucleocapsids was shown by electron microscopy. Virus particles and nucleocapsids were morphologically similar to members of the Paramyxoviridae family. CONCLUSIONS: The morphologic characteristics of the virions and the distribution patterns of the HN and NP proteins in PK-15 infected cells indicate that the mechanisms of LPMV replication are generally similar to those of the members of the Paramyxoviridae family.
Assuntos
Nucleoproteínas , Infecções por Rubulavirus/veterinária , Rubulavirus/fisiologia , Animais , Linhagem Celular , Membrana Celular/virologia , Núcleo Celular/virologia , Citoplasma/virologia , Feminino , Proteína HN/análise , Imuno-Histoquímica , Corpos de Inclusão Viral/ultraestrutura , Rim/citologia , Masculino , México/epidemiologia , Microscopia Eletrônica , Microscopia de Fluorescência , Proteínas do Nucleocapsídeo , Rubulavirus/imunologia , Rubulavirus/ultraestrutura , Infecções por Rubulavirus/epidemiologia , Infecções por Rubulavirus/virologia , Suínos , Doenças dos Suínos/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Suínos/virologia , Proteínas do Core Viral/análise , Vírion/ultraestruturaRESUMO
Fourier transform infrared and Fourier transform Raman spectra of dichloro-bis(2,4-pentanedionate)tin(IV) have been obtained. Density functional theory (DFT) BLYP calculations, have been carried out with the purpose of understanding the metal-ligand region spectra of this compound. Vibrational wavenumbers calculated by BLYP/6-31G* force fields are closed with the experimental results. The percentage of deviation of the bond lengths and bond angles gives a good picture of the normal modes, and serves as a basis for the assignment of the wavenumbers. The calculated geometrical parameters show slight differences compared with the experimental ones, and these differences can be explained by the different physical state of Sn(acac)2Cl2. The DFT-BLYP calculations assumed a free molecule in the gas phase. The experimental wavenumbers are obtained from the spectra of solid samples.
Assuntos
Compostos Orgânicos de Estanho/análise , Hidroxibutiratos/química , Ligantes , Modelos Químicos , Estrutura Molecular , Pentanonas/química , Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier/métodos , Análise Espectral Raman/métodos , VibraçãoRESUMO
The Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectra of solid terephthalic acid, p-C6H4(COOH)2, have been recorded, and the Fourier transform Raman spectra for the terephthalate anion were measured. The wavenumbers for the band positions have been calculated in order to assign them. Moller-Plesset (MP2) and Density functional theory (DFT) calculations have been carried out with Huzinaga-Dunning basis sets (DZV). Also, a normal coordinate analysis through the Wilson-El'yashevich method was performed. The differences between the calculated ab initio spectra and the spectra of the solid phase have been interpreted with respect to the different C(2h) and C(i) local symmetry in the gas and in the solid phase, respectively, and considering also the formation of long-chains of terephthalic acid in the solid phase. In spite to the absence of experimental data for the cis conformation, calculations have been carried out and structural parameters and infrared intensities have been evaluated for the trans and cis conformations of terephthalic acid.
Assuntos
Ácidos Ftálicos/química , Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier , Análise Espectral RamanRESUMO
The Fourier transform infrared and the Fourier transform Raman spectra of N-di-isopropylphosphorylguanidine (DPG) in the solid state and in aqueous solution were recorded and analyzed. Assuming Cs symmetry for different structural fragment of the molecule, the experimental and calculated band assignments of the nu(NH), delta(HNH), delta(CNH), nu(C=N), nu(PN), nu(CN), nu(PO) and nu(OC) normal modes suggested that the DPG exists as a tautomeric contribution of the phosphorylamine (I) and N-phosphorylimine (II) structural forms. [structures: see text]
Assuntos
Guanidinas/química , Estrutura Molecular , Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier/métodos , Análise Espectral Raman/métodosRESUMO
The Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectra of di-i-propoxyphosphoryl benzylisothiourea (DPB) (1) in the solid state and in solutions of CCl4, CHCl3, CHBr3, CH2Cl2, C2H4Cl2, C2H4Br2 and THF were studied. In the IR spectra, the effects of different concentrations were also investigated. The behavior of the nu(NH), delta(NH), delta(HNH), nu(C=N) and nu(P=O) normal modes suggests the existence of a tautomerism between the phosphorylamine (I) and N-phosphorylimine (II) structures: [structures: see text] The data show the presence of different delta(NH) and delta(HNH) bendings and nu(C=N) normal modes in the solid state as a result of inter and intramolecular hydrogen bonding. The experimental approximate frequencies assignments were done for this compound, and were confirmed by a normal coordinate analysis carried out for several fragments of phosphorylamine and N-phosphorylimine structures.
Assuntos
Tioureia/análogos & derivados , Tioureia/química , Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier/métodosRESUMO
PURPOSE: To examine the attitudes of physicians practicing in New Mexico toward gay and lesbian medical students, house officers, and physician colleagues. METHOD: In May 1996, the authors mailed a questionnaire with demographic and attitude questions to 1,949 non-federally employed physicians practicing in New Mexico. The questionnaire consisted of questions dealing with medical school admission, residency training, and referrals to colleagues. The response rate was 53.6%. RESULTS: Of all the responding physicians, 4.3% would refuse medical school admission to applicants known to be gay or lesbian. Respondents were most opposed to gay and lesbian physicians' seeking residency training in obstetrics and gynecology (10.1%), and least opposed to their seeking residency training in radiology (4.3%). Disclosure of homosexual orientation would also threaten referrals to gay and lesbian obstetrician-gynecologists (11.4%) more than to gay or lesbian physicians in other specialties. CONCLUSION: Physicians' attitudes toward gay and lesbian medical students, house officers, and physician colleagues seem to have improved considerably from those reported previously in the literature. However, gay men and lesbians in medicine continue to face opposition in their medical training and in their pursuit of specialty practice.
Assuntos
Atitude do Pessoal de Saúde , Homossexualidade Feminina , Homossexualidade Masculina , Médicos , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Educação Médica , Medicina de Emergência/educação , Medicina de Família e Comunidade/educação , Feminino , Ginecologia/educação , Humanos , Medicina Interna/educação , Internato e Residência , Relações Interprofissionais , Masculino , Corpo Clínico Hospitalar , New Mexico , Obstetrícia/educação , Pediatria/educação , Radiologia/educação , Encaminhamento e Consulta , Critérios de Admissão Escolar , Especialização , Especialidades Cirúrgicas/educação , Estudantes de Medicina , Inquéritos e Questionários , Urologia/educaçãoRESUMO
Se realiza un estudio prospectivo, transversal y comparativo en suero venoso y capilar de la concentración de proteínas útiles para la evaluación del estado nutricional en pacientes hospitalizados y ambulatorios varones adultos quemados leves y moderados del Instituto de Cirugía Plástica y del Quemado de la ciudad de La Paz, en condiciones bien definidas y controladas de trabajo. La determinación de proteínas totales y albúmina se efectúa con métodos colorimétricos (del Ciuret y Verde de Bromo Cresol), la Prealbúmina por IDR y la PCR y Orosomucoide por inmunoturbidimetría y se aplica en forma simultánea en ambos líquidos biológicos. El test no paramétrico de Wilcoxón y el test de correlación de Spearman revelan que no existen diferencias significativas de concentración de las proteínas estudiadas en ambos sitios vasculares de circulación (alfa 5 por ciento), siendo mucho mayor la correlación en las moléculas determinadas por métodos inmunoquímicos (r=0.9 y 0.98). Estos resultados nos permiten aseverar que las proteínas del estado nutricional pueden determinarse indistintamente en suero venoso y/o capilar puesto que no existe diferencia de concentraciones; que el sitio de preferencia para la extracción de sangre es el capilar y finalmente que es conveniente utilizar métodos inmunoquímicos por su elevada especificidad y sensibilidad analítica y clínicas
Assuntos
Humanos , Queimaduras , Estado Nutricional , Proteínas Sanguíneas/análiseRESUMO
Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic drug with a very low incidence of extrapyramidal effects, used in the treatment of schizophrenic patients refractory or intolerant to classical neuroleptics. Its use is limited due to the potential risk of producing agranulocytosis in 1 to 2% of patients. Despite the severity of this complication, the Federal Drug Administration allowed its use as long as its prescription is associated to a drug surveillance program that controls regularly the white cell count of patients using the drug. Three hundred three patients (210 male) have been admitted to a clozapine drug surveillance program. Two patients had a transitory leukopenia with less than 2000 leukocytes/ml and less than 1000 neutrophyls/ml, that reverted after discontinuing the drug. One patient, whose case is described, had a severe agranulocytosis with less than 500 neutrophyls/ml that required hospital admission.
Assuntos
Agranulocitose/induzido quimicamente , Clozapina/efeitos adversos , Neutropenia/induzido quimicamente , Adulto , Sistemas de Notificação de Reações Adversas a Medicamentos , Clozapina/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Masculino , Esquizofrenia/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
Schizophrenia is the commonest and most important member of this group. Schizotypical disorder possesses many of the characteristic features of schizophrenic disorder and is probably genetically related to them, but this disorder does not exhibit the hallucinations, delusions, and gross behavioural disturbances of the schizophrenia itself, and so does not always come to medical attention. Most of the delusional disorders are a heterogeneous and ill understood collection of disorders which can conveniently be divided by their typical duration into a group of persistent delusional disorders and a larger group of acute and transient psychotic disorders. Simultaneously a Psychiatry and Occupational therapist studied the applicability of the ICD-10 in comparison with DSM-III-R in the diagnosis of Schizophrenia, Schizotypical disorder and Delusional disorder. Thirty patients were diagnosed in both classification systems, this allow us to describe the difficulties and advantages of ICD-10 in this group of disorders.
Assuntos
Delírio/diagnóstico , Esquizofrenia/diagnóstico , Psicologia do Esquizofrênico , Transtorno da Personalidade Esquizotípica/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Entrevista Psiquiátrica Padronizada , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Transtornos Psicóticos/classificação , Transtornos Psicóticos/diagnóstico , Fatores SexuaisRESUMO
Schizophrenia is the commonest and most important member of this group. Schizotypical disorder possesses many of the characteristic features of schizophrenic disorder and is probably genetically related to them, but this disorder does not exhibit the hallucinations, delusions, and gross behavioural disturbances of the schizophrenia itself, and so does not always come to medical attention. Most of the delusional disorders are a heterogeneous and ill understood collection of disorders which can conveniently be divided by their typical duration into a group of persistent delusional disorders and a larger group of acute and transient psychotic disorders. Simultaneously a Psychiatry and Occupational therapist studied the applicability of the ICD-10 in comparison with DSM-III-R in the diagnosis of Schizophrenia, Schizotypical disorder and Delusional disorder. Thirty patients were diagnosed in both classification systems, this allow us to describe the difficulties and advantages of ICD-10 in this group of disorders.
RESUMO
Schizophrenia is the commonest and most important member of this group. Schizotypical disorder possesses many of the characteristic features of schizophrenic disorder and is probably genetically related to them, but this disorder does not exhibit the hallucinations, delusions, and gross behavioural disturbances of the schizophrenia itself, and so does not always come to medical attention. Most of the delusional disorders are a heterogeneous and ill understood collection of disorders which can conveniently be divided by their typical duration into a group of persistent delusional disorders and a larger group of acute and transient psychotic disorders. Simultaneously a Psychiatry and Occupational therapist studied the applicability of the ICD-10 in comparison with DSM-III-R in the diagnosis of Schizophrenia, Schizotypical disorder and Delusional disorder. Thirty patients were diagnosed in both classification systems, this allow us to describe the difficulties and advantages of ICD-10 in this group of disorders.
RESUMO
The present study was done to test the validity of the clinical examination for drug addiction at the National Forensic Medicine Service of Santiago. The responses to a questionnaire for marihuana consumption and a laboratory test for cannabinole in urine were correlated. The proportion of false negatives was 36.5%. Thus, clinical evaluation for drug addiction has limitations that prevent their use in the legal and penal context.
Assuntos
Detecção do Abuso de Substâncias , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/diagnóstico , Adulto , Chile , Feminino , Medicina Legal , Humanos , Masculino , Saúde Ocupacional , Reprodutibilidade dos TestesRESUMO
Se presenta primer caso clínico de agranulocitosis inducida por Clozapina descrito en Chile. Se discuten algunos aspectos farmacológicos y hematológicos involucrados en esta complicación