RESUMO
Investigations on the use of poliovirus vaccines in the Caribbean and Canada are reviewed. Studies in Trinidad and Tobago in 1963 showed that children who were given two doses of oral poliovirus vaccine responded satisfactorily to the type 2 and type 3 components but poorly to the type 1 component. Studies on poliovirus vaccines in Canada have indicated that both killed and live vaccines are capable of controlling poliomyelitis. Results of studies undertaken in Ontario suggested that the response to a killed vaccine was not entirely satisfactory. The need for continued surveillance for poliomyelitis is emphasized. Action should be taken to review immunization procedures when a single case occurs. Consideration should be given to the use of monovalent vaccines in tropical countries.
Assuntos
Vacina Antipólio Oral/imunologia , Adolescente , Anticorpos Antivirais/análise , Canadá , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Imunização , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Poliomielite/prevenção & controle , Trinidad e TobagoRESUMO
Over a 7-year period in Trinidad, 9,514 birds were examined for avian pox and four species were found infected: the golden-headed manakin, Pipra erythrocephala (7% infected), the white-bearded manakin, Manacus manacus (5%), the violaceous euphonia Euphonia violacea (1%), and the bare-eyed thrush, Turdus nudigenis (less than 1%). The elaborate courtship displays of manakins may have a bearing on a "common source" type of infection. The apparently abrupt appearance of the disease at three localities in Trinidad in 1964 perhaps indicates introduction of the virus by migratory birds.
Assuntos
Grupos de População Animal/microbiologia , Animais Selvagens/microbiologia , Varíola Aviária/epidemiologia , Animais , Aves , Feminino , Varíola Aviária/transmissão , Masculino , Comportamento Sexual Animal , Trinidad e TobagoRESUMO
Over a 2-year period, 300 infants less than 3 years old with gastroenteritis admitted to hospitals in Trinidad were investigated for the presence of certain microorganisms in the feces, along with an equal number of age- and sex-matched controls. Rotavirus was detected in 23% of cases and 1% of controls; Salmonella in 7% of cases and in 1% of controls; Shigella in 4% of cases and in no controls and two serotypes of enteropathogenic E. coli in 7% of cases and in 2% of controls. Campylobacter fetus subspecies jejuni was cultured from 7 out of 60 cases and from 1 of 60 controls. Enterotoxigenic E. coli, most strains of enteropathogenic E. coli, cytopathic enteroviruses and adenoviruses and fecal parasites were not significantly associated with diarrhea. Rotaviruses were detected throughout the year but were more prevalent in the dry than in the rainy season. They were found less often in children younger than 6 months than in those aged 6 to 35 months and were present in 6 of the 20 children who died.
Assuntos
Fezes/microbiologia , Gastroenterite/microbiologia , Reoviridae/isolamento & purificação , Rotavirus/isolamento & purificação , Adenoviridae/isolamento & purificação , Fatores Etários , Campylobacter fetus/isolamento & purificação , Pré-Escolar , Enterobacteriaceae/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Enterobacteriaceae/diagnóstico , Enterovirus/isolamento & purificação , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Infecções por Reoviridae/diagnóstico , Estações do Ano , Trinidad e TobagoAssuntos
Hepatite B/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Hepatite B/diagnóstico , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Testes Sorológicos , Trinidad e TobagoRESUMO
Meeting of the Advisory Committe on Medical Research, 14. Pan American Health Organization; 7-10 Jul. 1975