RESUMO
Sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA2a) and sarcolemmal Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX1) structures are involved in heart cell Ca2+ homeostasis. Previous studies have shown discrepancies in their function and expression in heart failure. The goal of this study was to evaluate heart function and hypertrophied muscle Ca2+-handling protein behavior under pressure overload. Twenty male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: Aortic stenosis (AoS), induced by a clip placed at the beginning of the aorta, and Control (Sham). After 18 weeks, heart function and structure were evaluated by echocardiogram. Myocardial function was analyzed by isolated papillary muscle (IPM) at basal condition and Ca2+ protein functions were evaluated after post-pause contraction and blockage with cyclopiazonic acid in IPM. Ca2+-handling protein expression was studied by western blot (WB). Echocardiogram showed that AoS caused concentric hypertrophy with enhanced ejection fraction and diastolic dysfunction inferred by dilated left atrium and increased relative wall thickness. IPM study showed developed tension was the same in both groups. AoS showed increased stiffness revealed by enhanced resting tension, and changes in Ca2+ homeostasis shown by calcium elevation and SERCA2a blockage maneuvers. WB revealed decreased NCX1, SERCA2a, and phosphorylated phospholambam (PLB) on serine-16 in AoS. AoS had left ventricular hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction compared to Sham; this could be related to our findings regarding calcium homeostasis behavior: deficit in NCX1, SERCA2a, and phosphorylated PLB on serine-16.
Assuntos
Cálcio , Remodelação Ventricular , Animais , Cálcio/metabolismo , Homeostase , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , ATPases Transportadoras de Cálcio do Retículo Sarcoplasmático/metabolismoRESUMO
Sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA2a) and sarcolemmal Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX1) structures are involved in heart cell Ca2+ homeostasis. Previous studies have shown discrepancies in their function and expression in heart failure. The goal of this study was to evaluate heart function and hypertrophied muscle Ca2+-handling protein behavior under pressure overload. Twenty male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: Aortic stenosis (AoS), induced by a clip placed at the beginning of the aorta, and Control (Sham). After 18 weeks, heart function and structure were evaluated by echocardiogram. Myocardial function was analyzed by isolated papillary muscle (IPM) at basal condition and Ca2+ protein functions were evaluated after post-pause contraction and blockage with cyclopiazonic acid in IPM. Ca2+-handling protein expression was studied by western blot (WB). Echocardiogram showed that AoS caused concentric hypertrophy with enhanced ejection fraction and diastolic dysfunction inferred by dilated left atrium and increased relative wall thickness. IPM study showed developed tension was the same in both groups. AoS showed increased stiffness revealed by enhanced resting tension, and changes in Ca2+ homeostasis shown by calcium elevation and SERCA2a blockage maneuvers. WB revealed decreased NCX1, SERCA2a, and phosphorylated phospholambam (PLB) on serine-16 in AoS. AoS had left ventricular hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction compared to Sham; this could be related to our findings regarding calcium homeostasis behavior: deficit in NCX1, SERCA2a, and phosphorylated PLB on serine-16.
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Ratos , Cálcio/metabolismo , Remodelação Ventricular , Ratos Wistar , ATPases Transportadoras de Cálcio do Retículo Sarcoplasmático/metabolismo , HomeostaseRESUMO
The liver fluke Fasciola hepatica (Trematoda: Fasciolidae) causes fascioliasis, which affects mostly domestic ruminants and humans worldwide. This parasite has an Old World origin and was introduced into the New World by European colonizers. Capybara ( Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) is the largest living rodent species, with adults weighing over 60 kg. We report a fascioliasis outbreak caused by F. hepatica that reduced a capybara group from 21 to 2 animals within a 9-mo period. Animal infection and associated lesions were confirmed by postmortem examinations that revealed extensive liver damage associated with the presence of large number of adult and immature forms of F. hepatica. Both macroscopic and microscopic alterations in the liver were compatible with acute fascioliasis, which is characterized by a large parasite burden in the liver. Taxonomic identification of flukes collected from capybara livers were confirmed by molecular methods, which generated a mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase I (NDI) gene partial sequence that was 100% identical to a F. hepatica NDI sequence from the United Kingdom. This is the first report of deleterious effects caused by F. hepatica in capybaras, highlighting the potential harm caused by this exotic parasite in the capybara.
Assuntos
Surtos de Doenças/veterinária , Fasciolíase/veterinária , Doenças dos Roedores/mortalidade , Roedores/parasitologia , Animais , Sequência de Bases , Brasil/epidemiologia , DNA de Helmintos/química , Complexo I de Transporte de Elétrons/química , Complexo I de Transporte de Elétrons/genética , Fasciola hepatica/classificação , Fasciola hepatica/genética , Fasciola hepatica/isolamento & purificação , Fasciolíase/mortalidade , Fasciolíase/parasitologia , Fezes/parasitologia , Temperatura Alta , Fígado/parasitologia , Fígado/patologia , Mitocôndrias Hepáticas/enzimologia , Chuva , Doenças dos Roedores/parasitologia , Áreas AlagadasRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The potential benefits of statins in modulating periodontal disease is supported by in vitro and clinical studies showing statins can induce a lower expression of proinflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of rosuvastatin (ST) on ligature-induced periodontitis in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty-four adult male rats were divided into three groups: SHR-C, SHR-L and SHR-L-ST (C, control; L, ligature groups). In the SHR-L-ST group, animals were treated with daily 2 mg/kg ST administration. In L groups, a ligature remained around mandibular first molars for 10 d. Each group was divided for killing at 10 or 21 d postoperatively. Microtomographic and histometric analyses were performed. Osteoclastogenesis was evaluated by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase assay and gene expression of 84 proinflammatory mediators by polymerase chain reaction array. RESULTS: The SHR-L-ST group showed reduced bone loss and attachment loss in comparison with the SHR-L group at both 10 and 21 d postoperatively (p < 0.05). ST decreased the amount of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive cells compared with the SHR-L group at both 10 and 21 d (p < 0.05). The SHR-L-ST group presented 14 genes differentially expressed when compared with SHR-L group, featuring a downregulated gene profile at 10 d. CONCLUSION: Statin therapy may promote a protective effect against alveolar bone and connective tissue attachment losses attributable to periodontitis in hypertensive rats through inflammatory gene profile modulation.
Assuntos
Periodontite/tratamento farmacológico , Ratos Endogâmicos SHR , Rosuvastatina Cálcica/farmacologia , Animais , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Citocinas/metabolismo , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Expressão Gênica , Ligadura , Masculino , Mandíbula , Osteoclastos/efeitos dos fármacos , Periodontite/diagnóstico por imagem , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Ratos , Microtomografia por Raio-XRESUMO
This study investigated the effects of maternal separation on the feeding behavior of rats. A maternal separation model was used on postnatal day 1 (PND1), forming the following groups: in the maternal separation (MS) group, pups were separated from their mothers each day from PND1 to PND14, whereas in the control (C) group pups were kept with their mothers. Subgroups were formed to study the effects of light and darkness: control with dark and light exposure, female and male (CF and CM), and maternal separation with dark and light exposure, female and male (SDF, SDM, SLF and SLM). Female rats had higher caloric intake relative to body weight compared with male controls in the dark period only (CF=23.3±0.5 v. CM=18.2±0.7, P<0.001). Macronutrient feeding preferences were observed, with male rats exhibiting higher caloric intake from a protein diet as compared with female rats (CF=4.1±0.7, n=8 v. CM=7.0±0.5, n=8, P<0.05) and satiety development was not interrupted. Female rats had a higher adrenal weight as compared with male rats independently of experimental groups and exhibited a higher concentration of serum triglycerides (n=8, P<0.001). The study indicates possible phenotypic adjustments in the structure of feeding behavior promoted by maternal separation, especially in the dark cycle. The dissociation between the mother's presence and milk intake probably induces adjustments in feeding behavior during adulthood.
Assuntos
Preferências Alimentares/fisiologia , Preferências Alimentares/psicologia , Privação Materna , Saciação/fisiologia , Animais , Animais Recém-Nascidos , Comportamento Alimentar/fisiologia , Comportamento Alimentar/psicologia , Feminino , Masculino , Gravidez , Ratos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
Toxoplasma gondii is an important pathogen in aquatic mammals and its presence in these animals may indicate the water contamination of aquatic environment by oocysts. Serum samples from 95 free-living Amazon River dolphins (Inia geoffrensis) from the Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve (RDSM), Tefé, Amazonas, Central Amazon, Brazil were tested for T. gondii antibodies using the modified agglutination test (MAT). Antibodies (MAT ≥ 25) to T. gondii were found in 82 (86.3%) dolphins with titers of 1:25 in 24, 1:50 in 56, and 1:500 in 2. Results suggest a high level contamination of the aquatic environment of the home range of these animals.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Antiprotozoários/sangue , Golfinhos/parasitologia , Toxoplasma/imunologia , Toxoplasmose Animal/epidemiologia , Testes de Aglutinação/veterinária , Animais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Feminino , Masculino , Oocistos , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Toxoplasma/isolamento & purificação , Toxoplasmose Animal/diagnóstico , Toxoplasmose Animal/parasitologiaRESUMO
Relata-se o isolamento de rotavírus, a partir de material fecal de dois cães assintomáticos, no Brasil. A ocorrência de rotavírus foi pesquisada em amostras fecais de nove cães assintomáticos, provenientes do Centro de Controle de Zoonoses do município de Osasco, SP. Duas das nove amostras analisadas, por eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida, foram positivas. O isolamento de rotavírus foi realizado em linhagem de células MA-104, com adição de 10,0µg/mL de tripsina ao meio de manutenção, e confirmado pelo eletroferótipo característico de grupo A.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Rotavirus/isolamento & purificação , Fezes/virologia , Eletroforese em Gel de Poliacrilamida/métodos , Cães , BrasilRESUMO
The 70 kDa heat-shock protein (Hsp70) sequences are considered one of the most conserved proteins in all domains of life from Archaea to eukaryotes. Hammondia heydorni, H. hammondi, Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora hughesi and N. caninum (Hammondia-like organisms) are closely related tissue cyst-forming coccidians that belong to the subfamily Toxoplasmatinae. The phylogenetic reconstruction using cytoplasmic Hsp70 coding genes of Hammondia-like organisms revealed the genetic sequences of T. gondii, Neospora spp. and H. heydorni to possess similar levels of evolutionary distance. In addition, at least 2 distinct genetic groups could be recognized among the H. heydorni isolates. Such results are in agreement with those obtained with internal transcribed spacer-1 rDNA (ITS-1) sequences. In order to compare the nucleotide diversity among different taxonomic levels within Apicomplexa, Hsp70 coding sequences of the following apicomplexan organisms were included in this study: Cryptosporidium, Theileria, Babesia, Plasmodium and Cyclospora. Such analysis revealed the Hammondia-like organism to be the lowest divergent group when compared to other groups within the phylum Apicomplexa. In conclusion, the Hsp70 coding sequences proved to be a valuable genetic marker for phylogenetic reconstruction and may constitute a good candidate to be used with other genes for species phylogeny within this group of organisms.
Assuntos
Coccídios/genética , Proteínas de Choque Térmico HSP70/genética , Filogenia , Animais , Sequência de Bases , Variação GenéticaRESUMO
The objective of the present work was to evaluate the teratogenic effects of the interaction between acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and ethanol on the epithelium of the lingual mucosa in rat fetuses. On the 10th pregnancy day, a single intraperitoneal ethanol dose (2.96 g/kg body weight) (Group I), ASA (200 mg/kg body weight) (Group II) and ASA plus ethanol, in the same doses (Group III), or saline (Group IV - control), were administrated. The epithelial alterations were assessed by means of histological and morphometric methods, on posterior dorsal, anterior dorsal and ventral regions of the tongue. ASA reduced, in rat fetuses, the ethanol deleterious effects on nuclear size in the epithelial prickle cell of the lingual mucosa. On the other hand, ASA did not influence the effects of ethanol in both epithelial layers of the lingual mucosa, when the nuclear shape, cell volume or epithelial layers thickness were evaluated.
Assuntos
Anormalidades Induzidas por Medicamentos/veterinária , Aspirina/toxicidade , Etanol/toxicidade , Feto/anormalidades , Mucosa Bucal , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/toxicidade , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Interações Medicamentosas , Células Epiteliais , Feminino , Feto/efeitos dos fármacos , Exposição Materna/efeitos adversos , Mucosa Bucal/citologia , Mucosa Bucal/efeitos dos fármacos , Mucosa Bucal/patologia , Gravidez , Distribuição Aleatória , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Teratogênicos , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
ABSTRACT This article describes the role of bovine coronavirus, rotavirus and Cryptosporidium parvum in an outbreak of beef calf diarrhea in Presidente Epitácio, São Paulo State. Two out 9 fecal samples were positive to BCoV, 6 to C. parvum and 6 to rotavirus, with 4 rotavirus-C. parvumco-infections, 1 BCoV-C. parvumco-infection and 1 rotavirus-BCoV co-infection. These results show the need for a detailed survey of the etiology of diarrheas, aiming to evaluate the agents spread in a flock, allowing the design of prophylactic measures against gastroenteritis outbreaks.
RESUMO Estudou-se a participação de coronavírus bovino (BCoV) rotavírus e Cryptosporidium parvum em um surto de diarréia em bezerros de corte no Município de Presidente Epitácio, Estado de São Paulo. Das 9 amostras colhidas, 2 foram positivas para BCoV, 6 para C. parvum e 6 para rotavírus, sendo 4 co-infecções por rotavírus e C. parvum, 1 coinfecção por BCoV e C. parvume 1 co-infecção por rotavírus e coronavírus. Estes resultados reiteram a necessidade de que se pesquise de um modo abrangente a etiologia de diarréias, com o intuito de se avaliarem os agentes circulantes no rebanho, o que possibilita uma abordagem profilática mais exata para impedir o aparecimento de surtos epidêmicos de gastroenterites.
RESUMO
This study investigated the somatic maturation and ontogeny of reflexes in neonate rats treated with sertraline (Sert) during the suckling period. The animals were divided into four groups; three that received daily doses of Sert (5, 10 or 15 mg/kg s.c.; groups Sert5, Sert10, and Sert15, respectively), and a fourth group that received distilled water (Dw) (1 ml/kg/b.w.). Growth indicators (body weight, axis of the head and tail length) were measured daily, from the 1st to the 21st postnatal day. The reflexes (righting, free-fall righting, negative geotaxis, cliff avoidance, auditory startle response, vibrissa placing and palm grasp) and physical-feature maturation (ear unfolding, auditory conduit opening, irruption of the lower incisors and eye opening) were recorded each day of the animal's life. All groups were compared to the Dw group. The body weight gain was reduced in all the Sert groups. Moreover, a delay in the growth of the body length was observed in all the Sert groups. Higher Sert doses reduced the speed of growth in the tail length. The medio-lateral head axis reduced in Sert15 and Sert5 doses. Otherwise, Sert10 had a temporary acceleration in this growth, but the growth of the anteroposterior head axis had a delay in all the Sert groups. The highest doses induced a delay in physical-feature maturation. The palm grasp reflex (disappearance) was retarded in Sert10; cliff avoidance advanced in Sert10; negative-geotaxis and free-fall righting retarded in Sert15. The findings suggest that altered serotonergic system activity induced by sertraline early in life could play a role in the retardation of the somatic growth ontogeny as well as a delay in the maturation of some reflexes.
Assuntos
Animais Recém-Nascidos/fisiologia , Crescimento/efeitos dos fármacos , Reflexo/efeitos dos fármacos , Inibidores Seletivos de Recaptação de Serotonina/farmacologia , Sertralina/farmacologia , Animais , Animais Lactentes , Peso Corporal/efeitos dos fármacos , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
ABSTRACT Coronaviruses are of special interest in diarrhea of horses, once they cause disease in foals and in the adult. This study aimed to evaluate the existence of coronavirus, rotavirus, protozoa and bacteria in stool of a 3-day old foal suffering from acute diarrhea. A nested PCRassay for the RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase gene was applied to coronavirus detection and PAGE, sucrose flotation test and classical bacteriology for rotavirus, protozoa and bacteria detection, respectively. An enteric group II coronavirus was found with no concurrent infections. The role of coronavirus in this clinical case is discussed, as well as possible transmission routes.
RESUMO Coronavírus têm um interesse especial em cavalos, uma vez que causam doenças em potros e adultos. Este estudo objetivou avaliar a existência de coronavírus, rotavírus, protozoários e bactérias em fezes de um potro com 3 dias de idade sofrendo de diarréia aguda. Uma reação de nested-RT-PCR para o gene da RNA-polimerase RNA-dependente foi aplicada para a detecção de coronavírus e as provas de PAGE, teste de flutuação em sacarose e bacteriologia clássica foram aplicadas para a pesquisa de rotavírus, protozoários e bactérias, respectivamente. Um coronavírus entérico do grupo II foi encontrado, sem outras infecções ou infestações simultâneas. O papel dos coronavírus neste caso clínico é discutido no presente artigo, bem como as possíveis vias de transmissão.
RESUMO
ABSTRACT From July to August 2001, individual fecal samples were collected from 95 dogs (13.8% of the canine population) living in the urban area of Monte Negro, Rondônia. The fecal samples were processed by the following coproparasitological methods: Willis (simple flotation), centrifugal flotation employing sacarose solution, and centrifugal sedimentation employing water-ether. Only 15 (15.8%) out of 95 fecal samples were negative. Five helminth genera were found: Ancylostoma, Toxocara, Trichuris, Spirocerca, Physaloptera; as well as 5 protozoan genera: Sarcocystis, Giardia, Cystoisospora, Cryptosporidium, Hammondia-Neospora. Ancylostoma spp. eggs were the most prevalent (73.6% of positive samples), followed by Toxocara canis eggs (18.9%) and Sarcocystis spp. sporocysts (18.9%). Prevalence of the remaining parasites was less than 10%. The results were compared with other Brazilian studies, showing that the genus Ancylostoma is the most frequently found on dogs in Brazil.
RESUMO De julho a agosto de 2001, foram colhidas amostras de fezes de 95 cães (13,8% da população canina) da área urbana do Município de Monte Negro, Rondônia. As amostras de fezes foram examinadas pelos métodos coproparasitológicos de Willis, centrífugo-flutuação em solução de sacarose e centrífugo-sedimentação em água-éter. Das 95 amostras de fezes, somente 15 (15,8%) foram negativas. Foram encontrados helmintos pertencentes a 5 gêneros: Ancylostoma, Toxocara, Trichuris, Spirocerca, Physalopterae 5 protozoários: Sarcocystis, Giardia, Cystoisospora, Cryptosporidium, Hammondia-Neospora. Ovos de Ancylostoma spp. foram os mais prevalentes (73,7% de amostras positivas), seguidos por ovos de Toxocara canis (18,9%) e esporocistos de Sarcocystis spp. (18,9%). Os demais parasitos tiveram prevalências abaixo de 10%. Os resultados encontrados foram comparados com outros trabalhos brasileiros, demonstrando que o gênero Ancylostoma é o mais freqüentemente diagnosticado em cães no Brasil.
RESUMO
We investigated the somatic maturation of neonate rats treated during the suckling period with citalopram, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor. Groups with 6 male neonates were randomly assigned to different treatments 24 h after birth. Each litter was suckled by one of the dams until the 21st postnatal day. Body weight, head axis and tail length were measured daily from the 1st to the 21st postnatal day. Time of ear unfolding, auditory conduit opening, incisor eruption, and eye opening was determined. Pups received 5 mg (Cit5), 10 mg (Cit10) or 20 mg/kg (Cit20) citalopram sc, or saline (0.9 percent NaCl, w/v, sc). Compared to saline, body weight was lower (24.04 percent, P < 0.01) for Cit10 from the 10th to the 21st day and for Cit20 from the 6th to the 21st day (38.19 percent, P < 0.01). Tail length was reduced in the Cit20 group (15.48 percent, P < 0.001) from the 8th to the 21st day. A reduction in mediolateral head axis (10.53 percent, P < 0.05) was observed from the 11th to the 21st day in Cit10 and from the 6th to the 21st day in Cit20 (13.16 percent, P < 0.001). A reduction in anteroposterior head axis was also observed in the Cit20 group (5.28 percent, P < 0.05) from the 13th to the 21stday. Conversely, this axis showed accelerated growth from the 12th to the 21stday in the Cit5 group (13.05 percent, P < 0.05). Auditory conduit opening was delayed in the Cit5 and Cit20 groups and incisor eruption was delayed in all citalopram groups. These findings show that citalopram injected during suckling to rats induces body alterations and suggest that the activity of the serotoninergic system participates in growth mechanisms.
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Feminino , Ratos , Animais Recém-Nascidos , Animais Lactentes , Citalopram , Inibidores Seletivos de Recaptação de Serotonina , Aumento de Peso , Ratos Wistar , Cauda/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
We investigated the somatic maturation of neonate rats treated during the suckling period with citalopram, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor. Groups with 6 male neonates were randomly assigned to different treatments 24 h after birth. Each litter was suckled by one of the dams until the 21st postnatal day. Body weight, head axis and tail length were measured daily from the 1st to the 21st postnatal day. Time of ear unfolding, auditory conduit opening, incisor eruption, and eye opening was determined. Pups received 5 mg (Cit5), 10 mg (Cit10) or 20 mg/kg (Cit20) citalopram sc, or saline (0.9% NaCl, w/v, sc). Compared to saline, body weight was lower (24.04%, P < 0.01) for Cit10 from the 10th to the 21st day and for Cit20 from the 6th to the 21st day (38.19%, P < 0.01). Tail length was reduced in the Cit20 group (15.48%, P < 0.001) from the 8th to the 21st day. A reduction in mediolateral head axis (10.53%, P < 0.05) was observed from the 11th to the 21st day in Cit10 and from the 6th to the 21st day in Cit20 (13.16%, P < 0.001). A reduction in anteroposterior head axis was also observed in the Cit20 group (5.28%, P < 0.05) from the 13th to the 21st day. Conversely, this axis showed accelerated growth from the 12th to the 21st day in the Cit5 group (13.05%, P < 0.05). Auditory conduit opening was delayed in the Cit5 and Cit20 groups and incisor eruption was delayed in all citalopram groups. These findings show that citalopram injected during suckling to rats induces body alterations and suggest that the activity of the serotoninergic system participates in growth mechanisms.
Assuntos
Animais Recém-Nascidos/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Animais Lactentes/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Citalopram/administração & dosagem , Inibidores Seletivos de Recaptação de Serotonina/administração & dosagem , Aumento de Peso/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Feminino , Masculino , Distribuição Aleatória , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Cauda/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
To determine the prevalence of Neospora caninum antibodies and associated factors, blood sera from 623 female dairy cattle from 23 farms in the north of the state of Paraná, Brazil, were analyzed by means of the indirect immunofluorescent-antibody test (IFAT > or = 25). Serum samples from 134 dogs living on the same farms also were tested for N. caninum antibodies (IFAT > or = 50), and the presence of dogs was associated with the prevalence of N. caninum antibodies in cattle. The overall seroprevalence in cattle was 14.3%, mainly in animals over 24 months of age. Seroprevalence in Holsteins (15.1% of 558) was greater than in mixed-breed cattle (7.7% of 65). Age (> or =24 months) of cattle, feeding silage and/or concentrate produced on the farm were associated; antibodies were found in 21.6% of dogs; and the presence of dogs was associated with the prevalence of N. caninum antibodies in cattle.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Antiprotozoários/sangue , Doenças dos Bovinos/epidemiologia , Coccidiose/veterinária , Neospora/imunologia , Fatores Etários , Animais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/transmissão , Coccidiose/epidemiologia , Coccidiose/transmissão , Doenças do Cão/epidemiologia , Doenças do Cão/transmissão , Cães , Feminino , Técnica Indireta de Fluorescência para Anticorpo/veterinária , Fatores de Risco , Estudos SoroepidemiológicosRESUMO
Serum samples from 597 sheep from São Paulo State, in the southeastern region of Brazil, were tested to determine the prevalence of antibodies directed against Toxoplasma gondii (> or = 1:64) and Neospora caninum (> or = 1:50) using the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT). The animals were divided into three groups based on their age: < or = 1 year, 1-4 years, and > or = 4 years. Antibodies to T. gondii were observed in 34.7% of the samples with titers ranging from 64 to 16,384 and IgG antibodies directed against N. caninum were observed in 9.2%, with titers ranging from 50 to 3200. Only 3.5% of the sheep were positive for both agents. All farms had at least one positive animal for T. gondii, and 26 of the 30 farms had at least one positive animal for N. caninum. An association between seroprevalence and age was observed for T. gondii (P = 0.001), but not to N. caninum (P = 0.343). It was not possible to associate seroprevalence to T. gondii and the presence of domestic or feral cats, since in all farms there was at least one positive sheep. There was no association between seropositivity to N. caninum and the presence of domestic (P = 1.000) and feral dogs (P = 0.550).
Assuntos
Coccidiose/veterinária , Neospora/isolamento & purificação , Doenças dos Ovinos/parasitologia , Toxoplasma/isolamento & purificação , Toxoplasmose Animal/epidemiologia , Fatores Etários , Animais , Anticorpos Antiprotozoários/sangue , Brasil/epidemiologia , Coccidiose/sangue , Coccidiose/epidemiologia , Coccidiose/parasitologia , Feminino , Técnica Indireta de Fluorescência para Anticorpo/veterinária , Masculino , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Ovinos , Doenças dos Ovinos/epidemiologia , Toxoplasmose Animal/sangue , Toxoplasmose Animal/parasitologiaRESUMO
Domestic dog (Canis domesticus) and the coyote (Canis latrans) are the only known definitive hosts for the protozoan Neospora caninum that causes abortion in dairy cattle. In the present study, antibodies to N. caninum were sought in three species of wild canids, Cerdocyon thous, Lycalopex gymnocercus and Dusicyon vetulus from Brazil. Antibodies to N. caninum were assayed by the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and the Neospora agglutination test (NAT). N. caninum antibodies were found in five of 12 L. gymnocercus with IFAT titers of 1:50 in three, 1:100 in one, and 1:1600 in one, and NAT titers of 1:40, 1:80, 1:160, 1:320, and 1:640 in five animals. Antibodies to N. caninum were found in four of 15 C. thous with IFAT titers of 1:50 in one, and 1:100 in three, and NAT titer of 1:40 in one animal. All 30 D. ventulus were seronegative by IFAT and NAT.
Assuntos
Carnívoros/parasitologia , Coccidiose/veterinária , Neospora/imunologia , Testes de Aglutinação/veterinária , Animais , Anticorpos Antiprotozoários/sangue , Brasil/epidemiologia , Coccidiose/epidemiologia , Coccidiose/parasitologia , Técnica Indireta de Fluorescência para Anticorpo/veterinária , Neospora/isolamento & purificação , Estudos SoroepidemiológicosRESUMO
In Brazil there are few reports on the prevalence of anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in dogs from urban, periurban and rural areas. Serum samples from 450 dogs, 300 from urban, 58 from periurban and 92 from rural areas, were tested for the detection of anti-N. caninum IgG antibodies using IFAT: indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT, > or =50). Antibodies were observed in 63 (14%) of the 450 serum samples analyzed, with 32 (10.7%) in dogs coming from the urban area, 11 (18.9%) from the periurban area and 20 (21.7%) from the rural area. Statistical differences were seen between the occurrences in animals from the urban area and those of the rural area (P = 0.01). The antibody titers found were: 1:50 in 20 dogs, 1:100-1:800 in 41 dogs, and 1:3200 in two dogs. In the female dogs, a smaller prevalence of dogs with antibodies was observed in those from the urban area (7.5%) in comparison with those of the rural (21.0%) (P = 0.05) and periurban (23.3%) (P = 0.01) areas. There were growing levels of antibody prevalence with the increase in age of the dogs in all three areas studied. Although this increase was not significant, it indicates a tendency towards more infections with age, suggesting post-natal exposure to N. caninum. However, a significant difference (P = 0.05) was observed in the occurrence of anti-N. caninum antibodies in dogs with ages = 2 years in urban (13.1% urban) versus rural environments (27.1% rural). Among the other age brackets studied the difference was not significant. The results confirm the presence of N. caninum in the region and reveal the important role of dogs in the parasite's epidemiology.