RESUMO

Background: Mycobacteriosis is caused by bacteria belonging to the genus Mycobacterium, with considerable zoonoticpotential and risk to public health. Infection in dogs is rare and is usually associated with immunosuppression, resultingfrom eating meat or contact with contaminated soil or fomites. Dogs are also known as potential sources for the spread ofatypical tuberculosis in humans and other animals. This paper aims to describe the clinical, cytological, histopathological,and molecular findings of a male canine seen at University Veterinary Hospital of Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, with generalizedlymphadenomegaly associated Mycobacterium intracellulare infection.Case: A 2-year-old male Lhasa Apso dog was referred to the University Veterinary Hospital in Cuiabá city, located in theMidwest region of Brazil. The patient had a history of intermittent claudication of the left pelvic limb for approximately6 months and lymphadenomegaly with progression for approximately 2 months. The dog had wheezing and generalizedlymphadenopathy (submandibular, axillary, and popliteal lymph nodes); cryptorchidism was also observed. A completeblood count revealed nonspecific results, and in the serum biochemical profile, the values of urea, creatinine, albumin, andalanine aminotransferase were within the reference range. No changes were observed on the radiography of the femurotibiopatellar joints. Considering the generalised lymphadenopathy, fine needle aspiration cytology and histopathologicalexamination through biopsy of the lymph nodes was performed. On the cytology and histopathology, numerous negativeimages of moderately refringent bacillary structures distending the cytoplasm from the macrophages was found. Thesamples were also subjected to special Ziehl-Neelsen staining, which confirmed an accentuated and diffuse granulomatouslymphadenitis associated with alcohol...(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Background: Mycobacteriosis is caused by bacteria belonging to the genus Mycobacterium, with considerable zoonoticpotential and risk to public health. Infection in dogs is rare and is usually associated with immunosuppression, resultingfrom eating meat or contact with contaminated soil or fomites. Dogs are also known as potential sources for the spread ofatypical tuberculosis in humans and other animals. This paper aims to describe the clinical, cytological, histopathological,and molecular findings of a male canine seen at University Veterinary Hospital of Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, with generalizedlymphadenomegaly associated Mycobacterium intracellulare infection.Case: A 2-year-old male Lhasa Apso dog was referred to the University Veterinary Hospital in Cuiabá city, located in theMidwest region of Brazil. The patient had a history of intermittent claudication of the left pelvic limb for approximately6 months and lymphadenomegaly with progression for approximately 2 months. The dog had wheezing and generalizedlymphadenopathy (submandibular, axillary, and popliteal lymph nodes); cryptorchidism was also observed. A completeblood count revealed nonspecific results, and in the serum biochemical profile, the values of urea, creatinine, albumin, andalanine aminotransferase were within the reference range. No changes were observed on the radiography of the femurotibiopatellar joints. Considering the generalised lymphadenopathy, fine needle aspiration cytology and histopathologicalexamination through biopsy of the lymph nodes was performed. On the cytology and histopathology, numerous negativeimages of moderately refringent bacillary structures distending the cytoplasm from the macrophages was found. Thesamples were also subjected to special Ziehl-Neelsen staining, which confirmed an accentuated and diffuse granulomatouslymphadenitis associated with alcohol...

Assuntos

RESUMO

Mammary tumors (MTs) in bitches are similar to breast cancers in women. Thus, they can be used as a model for human breast cancer and findings can be extrapolated for use in human medicine. BRCA1 is a tumor suppressor gene. When the gene has a mutation, it cannot repair damaged DNA, which causes genetic instability and tumorigenesis. Therefore, we aimed to study the frequency of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the BRCA1 gene that are associated with distinct histological types of malignant MT in bitches. The study population consisted of 91 bitches, including a control group of 6 animals with healthy mammary glands and 85 animals with MTs. All animals underwent a presurgery evaluation consisting of a questionnaire administered to the person responsible for the animal, a physical examination, collection of peripheral blood for hematological and serum biochemistry evaluations, an electrocardiogram, and a preanesthesia evaluation. In addition, distant metastasis was studied via chest radiography and abdominal ultrasound. After evaluations were complete, the animals that could undergo surgery were administered general anesthesia and underwent a mastectomy or mammary gland sample collection. Histopathological examination and molecular analysis were performed to identify mutations in the BRCA1 gene. Histopathological examinations found 10 different types of malignant tumors in 36 sick animals. Tumor samples plus samples from the 6 control animals were subjected to DNA extraction, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis, and genetic sequencing. The tumor with the highest incidence (33.33%) was a complex carcinoma, followed by carcinoma in mixed tumor (13.88), tubular carcinoma (13.88) and carcinosarcoma (13.88). Molecular analysis revealed 3 different SNP points in 5 samples (4006G>A, 3619A>G, and 3761C>T). The allelic variant 4006G>A (1/36) resulted in the alteration of the amino acid valine by isoleucine (V1336 I). The mutation 3619A>G (2/36) inserted the amino acid alanine instead of threonine (T1207 A). The mutation 3761C>T (2/36) led to the alteration of the amino acid serine by phenylalanine (S1254 F), a mutation for which there are no published reports. The histological types that showed BRCA1 mutations were complex carcinoma (1/5), carcinoma in mixed tumor (1/5), papillary carcinoma (1/5) and tubular carcinoma (2/5). Software analysis identified the new SNP (nucleotide 3761) in BRCA1 and 2 point mutations in nucleotides 4006 and 3619 and responsible for genetic instability. The development of breast cancer is caused by many endogenous and exogenous factors. The results of our study show that these factors have a greater presence in female, mixed breed, uncastrated, and older dogs, confirming the data in the veterinary literature. In the present study, we found different histological types of malignant breast tumors with mutations in the BRCA1 gene, as other authors have reported. However, we also found the mutation 3761C>T, which, to the best of our knowledge, has not been reported in the literature. This shows the need for studies in veterinary medicine that assess mutations in the BRCA1 gene and the most common histological types. In conclusion, SNPs in the BRCA1 gene cause genetic instability, resulting in additional mutations that lead to the development of breast tumors. They are point mutations that affect transcription, resulting in truncated proteins. These proteins may have a loss of function, leading to carcinogenesis.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

The study tested the hypothesis that a high protein diet based on isolated whey protein (IWP) associated with strength training improves performance and reduces body fat without promoting health damage. Male Wistar rats, 45 days old, were divided into four groups (n = 8/group): normoprotein sedentary (IWP 14%; NS); hyperprotein sedentary (IWP 35%; HS); normoprotein trained (IWP 14%; NT) and hyperprotein trained (IWP 35%; HT). All groups performed the maximum load test at the beginning and after the vertical ladder training protocol for 6 weeks (3x/week). The performance improved in HT when compared to other groups. There was no difference in the plasma levels of testosterone, IGF-1 and the hematological parameters remained normal. The relative weights of the kidneys were higher in the groups fed with high protein; the liver was higher in HT compared to NS and NT, and the heart was higher in HS compared to NS and NT. Concerning relative muscle weight, quadriceps, and gastrocnemius, HT showed higher value compared to NT. Diet containing 35% isolate whey protein associated with resistance training improved performance as well as increased muscles and organs weight of the animals, without damaging the tissues related to protein metabolism (confirmed by unchanged hematological parameters), which may minimize the risk of developing cardiometabolic disorders.

RESUMO

Congenital anomalies are hereditary or acquired, and their location and intensity are determining factors for the survival of animals. Some cases are rare, often unidentified, poorly reported and of unknown etiology. This paper reports a congenital malformation in a French bulldog, demonstrating the importance of accurate diagnosis for surgical decisions. The use of new technologies such as computed tomography and rapid prototyping enables the analysis of morphofunctional changes, resulting in excellent results for clinical cases in which it is difficult to identify and scale the anatomical deformities. Through this feature, it is possible to accurately recreate anatomical structures of interest, enabling greater assertiveness in deciding the treatment to be established, whether surgical or not. Castration of animals that survive this condition due to hereditary etiology is recommended.(AU)

Anomalias congênitas possuem caráter hereditário ou adquirido, sendo que sua localização e intensidade são fatores determinantes para a sobrevivência do animal. Algumas são raras, muitas vezes não identificadas, pouco relatadas e com etiologia desconhecida. O presente trabalho registra um caso de malformação congênita em um bulldog francês, demonstrando a importância do diagnóstico preciso para a decisão cirúrgica. A utilização de novas tecnologias como tomografia computadorizada e prototipagem rápida possibilitam a análise de alterações morfofuncionais, tendo ótimo resultado para casos clínicos em que há dificuldade em identificar e dimensionar deformidades anatômicas. Através desse recurso é possível recriar com precisão estruturas anatômicas de interesse, possibilitando maior assertiva na decisão do tratamento a ser estabelecido, sendo ele cirúrgico ou não. É recomendada a castração dos animais que sobreviveram a essa condição, devido a etiologia hereditária.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Background: The Green iguana (Iguana iguana) is a reptile belonging to the Iguanidae family. It is an ectothermic animalwith arboreal habits and a daytime activity pattern. Leaves, fruits, and eggs are part of their diet. These animals can be foundin the South, North and Central America. Free-living Green iguanas may suffer stress during environmental changes, whichcan lead to a homeostatic imbalance. There is a correlation between stress and anorexia which results in an increase in theoccurrence of fractures. Reptile fractures are generally treated by providing rigid stabilization and alignment maintenance.The present study reports the use of locking-plate osteosynthesis in one iguana.Case: One female green iguana, weighing 1.690 kg, was assisted at the Hospital Veterinário (Hovet) - Federal da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT). During anamnesis, it was observed that this iguana was a non-captive animal,which had fallen from a tree. The animal was unable to perform physical movements with the forearm displaying bonecrepitation. It was also observed apathy and dehydration. The iguana was subjected to a range of supplementary examinations and on the x-ray image, it was detected that there was a complete right humerus fracture. Following examination,the animal underwent surgery for fracture stabilization. Humerus osteosynthesis was performed with compression in a 1.5mm 6-hole locking-plate. During the osteosynthesis procedure a morphogenetic graft was inserted. Immediate post-surgeryradiographic evaluation was performed, and that confirmed fracture reduction and bone alignment. The animal displayedclinical improvement after the second post-operative day once it returned to regular ingestion of diet. On the 30th postoperative day, the radiographic evaluation showed evidence of bone consolidation. On the 40th post-operative day, theanimal displayed satisfactory gait and voluntary ingestion of food, thus enabling its return to...(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Rapid prototyping (RP) is an innovative technology that allows one to obtain a prototype of a mold quickly and accurately from a virtual model. This study aimed to establish the use of photogrammetry and 3D prototyping for the production of bone biomodels of the canine species for training in orthopedic techniques in veterinary medicine. Virtual bio-modelling was performed by the photogrammetry technique with commercial anatomical pieces, and physical biomodelling was performed by 3D printing. Osteotomies were performed on the biomodels that served as platforms for osteosynthesis of the femur and ileum, and the final product was not associated with a risk of biological contamination, was able to support special orthopedic materials, and was used for training and surgical planning. We concluded that the use of photogrammetry and RP for the production of bone biomodels of the canine species enabled techniques for fracture reduction to be performed with the use of special instruments, enabling training in the area of veterinary orthopedics in an economically viable manner with an alternative ­to experimental animals.(AU)

A prototipagem rápida (PR) é uma tecnologia inovadora que permite obter o protótipo de um molde com rapidez e precisão a partir de um modelo virtual. Esse estudo objetivou estabelecer o uso da fotogrametria e prototipagem 3D para a produção de biomodelos de ossos da espécie canina, para treinamento em técnicas ortopédicas em Medicina Veterinária. Utilizou-se a biomodelagem virtual através da técnica de fotogrametria de peças anatômicas comerciais e a biomodelagem física através de impressão 3D. Foram realizadas osteotomias nos biomodelos, que serviram para realização de osteossínteses de fêmur e íleo, sendo que o produto final não ofereceu risco de contaminação biológica, foi resistente para suportar matérias especiais ortopédicos, servindo para o treinamento e planejamento cirúrgico. Concluímos que a utilização da fotogrametria e PR para a produção de biomodelos de ossos da espécie canina, permitiu a execução de técnicas para redução de fraturas e capacitação na utilização de instrumentais especiais, possibilitando treinamento na área de ortopedia veterinária de maneira economicamente viável e uma alternativa em substituição aos animais de experimentação.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Objetivou-se avaliar os tumores de maior ocorrência e determinar seus possíveis fatores prognósticos, como: raça, sexo, idade, estado reprodutivo, uso de contraceptivos, número de lesões mamárias, localização e ulceração. Foram estudados 19 casos de neoformações mamárias em felinos no período entre 2013 e 2016. Os tumores mamários tiveram uma frequência de 100% em fêmeas. A idade dos animais variou entre dois e 14 anos (com média ± desvio-padrão de 9,76 ± 3,50), sendo a maior ocorrência em idosos e sem raça definida (SRD). Dos animais acometidos, 68,42% não eram castrados, evidenciando uma considerável influência hormonal. A maioria das neoplasias mamárias apresentaram características de malignidade, revelando um mau prognóstico para os indivíduos portadores. Portanto a avaliação deste conjunto de fatores prognósticos, associados ao diagnóstico histológico remeterá o protocolo terapêutico adequado.(AU)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the most frequent tumors and determine their possible prognostic factors, such as: race, sex, age, reproductive status, contraceptive use, number of breast lesions, location and ulceration. We studied 19 cases of new mammary neoformations in felines in the period between 2013 and 2016. Mammary tumors had a frequency of 100% in females. The age of the animals ranged from 2 to 14 years (mean ± standard deviation of 9.76 ± 3.50), the highest occurrence being in the elderly and undefined breed. Of the affected animals, 68.42% were not castrated, evidencing a considerable hormonal influence. The majority of breast neoplasms presented malignancy characteristics, revealing a poor prognosis for the individuals with the disease. Therefore, the evaluation of this set of prognostic factors, associated to the histological diagnosis, will refer the appropriate therapeutic protocol.(AU)

Se objetivó evaluar los tumores de mayor ocurrencia y determinar sus posibles factores pronósticos, como: raza, sexo, edad, estado reproductivo, uso de anticonceptivos, número de lesiones mamarias, localización y ulceración. Se estudiaron 19 casos de neoformaciones mamarias en felinos en el período entre 2013 y 2016. Los tumores mamarios tuvieron una frecuencia de 100% en hembras. La edad de los animales varía entre dos y 14 años (con media ± desviación estándar de 9,76 ± 3,50), siendo la mayor ocurrencia en ancianos y sin raza definida (SRD). De los animales afectados, 68,42% no eran castrados, evidenciando una considerable influencia hormonal. La mayoría de las neoplasias de mama presentaron características de malignidad, revelando un mal pronóstico para los individuos portadores. Por lo tanto, la evaluación de este conjunto de factores pronósticos asociados al diagnóstico histológico remitirá el protocolo terapéutico adecuado.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Background: Dioctophimosis is a parasitic disease caused by Dioctophyma renale, more commonly known as “giantKidney worm,” and can be found in other organs or free in the abdominal cavity, which is related to the patients eatinghabits. Most of the animals affected are asymptomatic. The diagnosis is made through ultrasonography, finding eggs ofthe parasite in the urine, or necropsy. The treatment of choice is nephrectomy of the affected kidney. We aimed to reportthe accidental diagnosis of parasitism by D. renale in an 8-year-old dog, which was surgically treated by nephrectomy ofthe right kidney after evident destruction of the renal parenchyma on ultrasonography.Case: An 8-year-old Boxer female dog underwent a physical examination and showed a mass in the region of the left caudal thoracic breast, bilateral alopecia on flanks, and purulent ocular secretions. Laboratory tests of complete blood count(CBC) and serum biochemical profile, X-ray examination, and ultrasonography were requested. Anemia was observedon the erythrogram, and enzymes (creatinine, urea, alanine aminotransferase [ALT], and albumin) were within normallimits. There were no abnormalities on X-ray examination, and abdominal ultrasonography showed slight splenomegaly,enlarged left kidney, reduced corticomedullary region, measuring approximately 7.63 cm longitudinally. In the rightkidney, loss of the renal parenchyma, measuring approximately 5.49 cm in diameter and the presence of a cylindrical androunded structure, typical of D. renale infection. After this, a urinalysis was suggested, which revealed the presence ofthe helminthic eggs, confirming the diagnosis. The owner was informed about the need for nephrectomy of the affectedkidney as treatment. The kidney showed destruction of the renal parenchyma. A single parasite was removed, measuringapproximately 46 cm in length. The patient was successfully treated and was hospitalized for...(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Background: Balanced anesthesia achieved with combinations of inhaled and injectable drugs administered systemicallyor in loco-regional anesthetic blocks, is widely used in veterinary medicine. The use of anesthesia and/or local analgesiahas already demonstrated benefits in the performance of elective orchiectomy in different species, there is no literature thatevaluates the use of the maropitant intratesticular route. The present study evaluated the cardiorespiratory variables andanalgesia produced by intratesticular blockade with maropitant, lidocaine, or dextroketamine during the trans-operativeperiod along with the discharge and anesthetic recovery of dogs that underwent elective orchiectomy.Materials, Methods & Results: Used twenty-four dogs from routine elective orchiectomy, considered healthy based onthe results of clinical and hematological tests. The animals were randomly divided into three groups and was applied intratesticularly 2% lidocaine at a dose of 1 mg/kg (GL), 5% dextrocetamina at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg (GC), or 1% maropitantat a dose of 1 mg/kg (GM). Anesthesia induction was performed with propofol (to effect), and stabilization of inhalationalanesthesia was achieved with 1.7 V% of sevoflurane diluted in 100% oxygen administered through a calibrated vaporizerand appropriate anesthetic system based on the animals weight, being kept under spontaneous ventilation, After induction, we waited 10 min for stabilization of exhaled anesthetic concentration and then administered one of the treatmentsintratesticularly. After five min from the local block the surgical procedure was started during up to 15 min. Heart rate(HR), respiratory rate (RR), systolic arterial pressure (SAP), diastolic arterial pressure (DAP), mean arterial pressure(MAP), oxygen saturation of hemoglobin (SatO2), end-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure (EtCO2), end-tidal sevofluraneconcentration...(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Objetivou-se avaliar os tumores de maior ocorrência e determinar seus possíveis fatores prognósticos, como: raça, sexo, idade, estado reprodutivo, uso de contraceptivos, número de lesões mamárias, localização e ulceração. Foram estudados 19 casos de neoformações mamárias em felinos no período entre 2013 e 2016. Os tumores mamários tiveram uma frequência de 100% em fêmeas. A idade dos animais variou entre dois e 14 anos (com média ± desvio-padrão de 9,76 ± 3,50), sendo a maior ocorrência em idosos e sem raça definida (SRD). Dos animais acometidos, 68,42% não eram castrados, evidenciando uma considerável influência hormonal. A maioria das neoplasias mamárias apresentaram características de malignidade, revelando um mau prognóstico para os indivíduos portadores. Portanto a avaliação deste conjunto de fatores prognósticos, associados ao diagnóstico histológico remeterá o protocolo terapêutico adequado.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the most frequent tumors and determine their possible prognostic factors, such as: race, sex, age, reproductive status, contraceptive use, number of breast lesions, location and ulceration. We studied 19 cases of new mammary neoformations in felines in the period between 2013 and 2016. Mammary tumors had a frequency of 100% in females. The age of the animals ranged from 2 to 14 years (mean ± standard deviation of 9.76 ± 3.50), the highest occurrence being in the elderly and undefined breed. Of the affected animals, 68.42% were not castrated, evidencing a considerable hormonal influence. The majority of breast neoplasms presented malignancy characteristics, revealing a poor prognosis for the individuals with the disease. Therefore, the evaluation of this set of prognostic factors, associated to the histological diagnosis, will refer the appropriate therapeutic protocol.

Se objetivó evaluar los tumores de mayor ocurrencia y determinar sus posibles factores pronósticos, como: raza, sexo, edad, estado reproductivo, uso de anticonceptivos, número de lesiones mamarias, localización y ulceración. Se estudiaron 19 casos de neoformaciones mamarias en felinos en el período entre 2013 y 2016. Los tumores mamarios tuvieron una frecuencia de 100% en hembras. La edad de los animales varía entre dos y 14 años (con media ± desviación estándar de 9,76 ± 3,50), siendo la mayor ocurrencia en ancianos y sin raza definida (SRD). De los animales afectados, 68,42% no eran castrados, evidenciando una considerable influencia hormonal. La mayoría de las neoplasias de mama presentaron características de malignidad, revelando un mal pronóstico para los individuos portadores. Por lo tanto, la evaluación de este conjunto de factores pronósticos asociados al diagnóstico histológico remitirá el protocolo terapéutico adecuado.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Rapid prototyping (RP) is an innovative technology that allows one to obtain a prototype of a mold quickly and accurately from a virtual model. This study aimed to establish the use of photogrammetry and 3D prototyping for the production of bone biomodels of the canine species for training in orthopedic techniques in veterinary medicine. Virtual bio-modelling was performed by the photogrammetry technique with commercial anatomical pieces, and physical biomodelling was performed by 3D printing. Osteotomies were performed on the biomodels that served as platforms for osteosynthesis of the femur and ileum, and the final product was not associated with a risk of biological contamination, was able to support special orthopedic materials, and was used for training and surgical planning. We concluded that the use of photogrammetry and RP for the production of bone biomodels of the canine species enabled techniques for fracture reduction to be performed with the use of special instruments, enabling training in the area of veterinary orthopedics in an economically viable manner with an alternative ­to experimental animals.

A prototipagem rápida (PR) é uma tecnologia inovadora que permite obter o protótipo de um molde com rapidez e precisão a partir de um modelo virtual. Esse estudo objetivou estabelecer o uso da fotogrametria e prototipagem 3D para a produção de biomodelos de ossos da espécie canina, para treinamento em técnicas ortopédicas em Medicina Veterinária. Utilizou-se a biomodelagem virtual através da técnica de fotogrametria de peças anatômicas comerciais e a biomodelagem física através de impressão 3D. Foram realizadas osteotomias nos biomodelos, que serviram para realização de osteossínteses de fêmur e íleo, sendo que o produto final não ofereceu risco de contaminação biológica, foi resistente para suportar matérias especiais ortopédicos, servindo para o treinamento e planejamento cirúrgico. Concluímos que a utilização da fotogrametria e PR para a produção de biomodelos de ossos da espécie canina, permitiu a execução de técnicas para redução de fraturas e capacitação na utilização de instrumentais especiais, possibilitando treinamento na área de ortopedia veterinária de maneira economicamente viável e uma alternativa em substituição aos animais de experimentação.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Background: Balanced anesthesia achieved with combinations of inhaled and injectable drugs administered systemicallyor in loco-regional anesthetic blocks, is widely used in veterinary medicine. The use of anesthesia and/or local analgesiahas already demonstrated benefits in the performance of elective orchiectomy in different species, there is no literature thatevaluates the use of the maropitant intratesticular route. The present study evaluated the cardiorespiratory variables andanalgesia produced by intratesticular blockade with maropitant, lidocaine, or dextroketamine during the trans-operativeperiod along with the discharge and anesthetic recovery of dogs that underwent elective orchiectomy.Materials, Methods & Results: Used twenty-four dogs from routine elective orchiectomy, considered healthy based onthe results of clinical and hematological tests. The animals were randomly divided into three groups and was applied intratesticularly 2% lidocaine at a dose of 1 mg/kg (GL), 5% dextrocetamina at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg (GC), or 1% maropitantat a dose of 1 mg/kg (GM). Anesthesia induction was performed with propofol (to effect), and stabilization of inhalationalanesthesia was achieved with 1.7 V% of sevoflurane diluted in 100% oxygen administered through a calibrated vaporizerand appropriate anesthetic system based on the animal’s weight, being kept under spontaneous ventilation, After induction, we waited 10 min for stabilization of exhaled anesthetic concentration and then administered one of the treatmentsintratesticularly. After five min from the local block the surgical procedure was started during up to 15 min. Heart rate(HR), respiratory rate (RR), systolic arterial pressure (SAP), diastolic arterial pressure (DAP), mean arterial pressure(MAP), oxygen saturation of hemoglobin (SatO2), end-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure (EtCO2), end-tidal sevofluraneconcentration...

Assuntos

RESUMO

Background: Dioctophimosis is a parasitic disease caused by Dioctophyma renale, more commonly known as “giantKidney worm,” and can be found in other organs or free in the abdominal cavity, which is related to the patient’s eatinghabits. Most of the animals affected are asymptomatic. The diagnosis is made through ultrasonography, finding eggs ofthe parasite in the urine, or necropsy. The treatment of choice is nephrectomy of the affected kidney. We aimed to reportthe accidental diagnosis of parasitism by D. renale in an 8-year-old dog, which was surgically treated by nephrectomy ofthe right kidney after evident destruction of the renal parenchyma on ultrasonography.Case: An 8-year-old Boxer female dog underwent a physical examination and showed a mass in the region of the left caudal thoracic breast, bilateral alopecia on flanks, and purulent ocular secretions. Laboratory tests of complete blood count(CBC) and serum biochemical profile, X-ray examination, and ultrasonography were requested. Anemia was observedon the erythrogram, and enzymes (creatinine, urea, alanine aminotransferase [ALT], and albumin) were within normallimits. There were no abnormalities on X-ray examination, and abdominal ultrasonography showed slight splenomegaly,enlarged left kidney, reduced corticomedullary region, measuring approximately 7.63 cm longitudinally. In the rightkidney, loss of the renal parenchyma, measuring approximately 5.49 cm in diameter and the presence of a cylindrical androunded structure, typical of D. renale infection. After this, a urinalysis was suggested, which revealed the presence ofthe helminthic eggs, confirming the diagnosis. The owner was informed about the need for nephrectomy of the affectedkidney as treatment. The kidney showed destruction of the renal parenchyma. A single parasite was removed, measuringapproximately 46 cm in length. The patient was successfully treated and was hospitalized for...

Assuntos

RESUMO

Background: The Green iguana (Iguana iguana) is a reptile belonging to the Iguanidae family. It is an ectothermic animalwith arboreal habits and a daytime activity pattern. Leaves, fruits, and eggs are part of their diet. These animals can be foundin the South, North and Central America. Free-living Green iguanas may suffer stress during environmental changes, whichcan lead to a homeostatic imbalance. There is a correlation between stress and anorexia which results in an increase in theoccurrence of fractures. Reptile fractures are generally treated by providing rigid stabilization and alignment maintenance.The present study reports the use of locking-plate osteosynthesis in one iguana.Case: One female green iguana, weighing 1.690 kg, was assisted at the Hospital Veterinário (Hovet) - Federal da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT). During anamnesis, it was observed that this iguana was a non-captive animal,which had fallen from a tree. The animal was unable to perform physical movements with the forearm displaying bonecrepitation. It was also observed apathy and dehydration. The iguana was subjected to a range of supplementary examinations and on the x-ray image, it was detected that there was a complete right humerus fracture. Following examination,the animal underwent surgery for fracture stabilization. Humerus osteosynthesis was performed with compression in a 1.5mm 6-hole locking-plate. During the osteosynthesis procedure a morphogenetic graft was inserted. Immediate post-surgeryradiographic evaluation was performed, and that confirmed fracture reduction and bone alignment. The animal displayedclinical improvement after the second post-operative day once it returned to regular ingestion of diet. On the 30th postoperative day, the radiographic evaluation showed evidence of bone consolidation. On the 40th post-operative day, theanimal displayed satisfactory gait and voluntary ingestion of food, thus enabling its return to...

Assuntos

RESUMO

O objetivo do presente relato foi avaliar a viabilidade da técnica de coleta de células espermáticas do epidídimo de um cervo dama (Dama dama) após orquiectomia e comparar sua capacidade de criopreservação utilizando dois diluidores comerciais diferentes, o Triladyl® e o Andromed®. Foram avaliados o volume testicular, a motilidade e vigor espermáticos e a morfologia das células espermáticas antes e após o processo de criopreservação. Ao se comparar os dois meios comerciais, pode-se constatar que a motilidade e vigor espermáticos foram melhores na alíquota congelada com Triladyl® (25% e 2) do que com Andromed® (10% e 1). Quanto a morfologia espermática os dois diluidores apresentaram valores semelhantes de defeitos totais (32.5% com Andromed® e 33% com Triladyl®, sendo a cabeça lanciforme o defeito predominante em ambos os casos). Diante desses resultados, a técnica de coleta de células espermáticas do epidídimo é viável para cervídeos Dama e mais estudos são necessários para se estabelecer o melhor meio diluidor para esta espécie criada em climas tropicais.(AU)

The aim of the present report was to evaluate the viability of epididymal sperm collection technique in a fallow deer (Dama dama) after orchiectomy and to compare its cryopreservation capacity using two different commercial extenders, Triladyl® and Andromed®. Thus, testicular volume, sperm motility and vigor, and sperm cell morphology were evaluated before and after the cryopreservation process. When comparing the two commercial media, sperm motility and vigor were better in the post-thawed aliquot extended with Triladyl® (25% and 2) than with Andromed® (10% and 1). Regarding sperm morphology, the two dilutors presented similar values of total defects (32.5% with Andromed® and 33% with Triladyl®, with the lanciform head being the predominant defect in both cases). Given these results, the epididymal sperm cell collection technique is viable for Dama cervids and further studies are needed to establish the best extender for this species raised under tropical conditions.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

O objetivo do presente relato foi avaliar a viabilidade da técnica de coleta de células espermáticas do epidídimo de um cervo dama (Dama dama) após orquiectomia e comparar sua capacidade de criopreservação utilizando dois diluidores comerciais diferentes, o Triladyl® e o Andromed®. Foram avaliados o volume testicular, a motilidade e vigor espermáticos e a morfologia das células espermáticas antes e após o processo de criopreservação. Ao se comparar os dois meios comerciais, pode-se constatar que a motilidade e vigor espermáticos foram melhores na alíquota congelada com Triladyl® (25% e 2) do que com Andromed® (10% e 1). Quanto a morfologia espermática os dois diluidores apresentaram valores semelhantes de defeitos totais (32.5% com Andromed® e 33% com Triladyl®, sendo a cabeça lanciforme o defeito predominante em ambos os casos). Diante desses resultados, a técnica de coleta de células espermáticas do epidídimo é viável para cervídeos Dama e mais estudos são necessários para se estabelecer o melhor meio diluidor para esta espécie criada em climas tropicais.

The aim of the present report was to evaluate the viability of epididymal sperm collection technique in a fallow deer (Dama dama) after orchiectomy and to compare its cryopreservation capacity using two different commercial extenders, Triladyl® and Andromed®. Thus, testicular volume, sperm motility and vigor, and sperm cell morphology were evaluated before and after the cryopreservation process. When comparing the two commercial media, sperm motility and vigor were better in the post-thawed aliquot extended with Triladyl® (25% and 2) than with Andromed® (10% and 1). Regarding sperm morphology, the two dilutors presented similar values of total defects (32.5% with Andromed® and 33% with Triladyl®, with the lanciform head being the predominant defect in both cases). Given these results, the epididymal sperm cell collection technique is viable for Dama cervids and further studies are needed to establish the best extender for this species raised under tropical conditions.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Sepsis is characterized by the presence of organ dysfunction secondary to the dysregulated systemic inflammatory response associated with an infection, and has high mortality rates. Traditional diagnostic techniques based on non-microbiological isolation are time-consuming and may delay treatment. Thus, this study aimed to compare bacterial and fungal broad-range polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and blood culture for diagnosis of sepsis in dogs. Blood samples from 88 dogs with suspected sepsis were analyzed by blood culture, and PCR to detect bacterial and fungal DNA. On blood culture, 20 (22.7%) samples tested positive for bacterial isolates; however, none tested positive for fungi. Through PCR analysis, bacterial DNA was detected in 46 (52.3%) animals, whereas fungal DNA was present in one (1.1%) sample. Our results showed that PCR-based testing has important diagnostic value for canine blood infections because it has a shorter turnaround time and higher sensitivity than traditional blood culture.(AU)

Sepse se caracteriza pela presença de disfunção orgânica secundária à resposta inflamatória sistêmica desregulada, associada a uma infecção com elevadas taxas de mortalidade. As técnicas tradicionais baseadas no isolamento microbiológico são demoradas e podem atrasar o tratamento. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase (PCR) bacteriana e fúngica e hemocultura em cães com sepse. Foram analisadas 88 amostras de sangue de cães com suspeita de sepse por meio de hemocultura e PCR para detectar DNA bacteriano e fúngico. Nas culturas sanguíneas, 20 (22,7%) amostras foram positivas para isolados bacterianos. No entanto, nenhuma amostra foi positiva para fungos. Através da análise por PCR, o DNA bacteriano foi detectado em 46 animais (52,3%), enquanto que o DNA fúngico estava presente em uma amostra (1,1%). Neste caso, a PCR apresenta importante valor diagnóstico em cães com infeções sanguíneas devido a sua rapidez e maior sensibilidade do que a isolamento por hemocultura.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Background: The urethral prolapse in dogs is a rare condition known by the protrusion of the urethral mucous membrane and the external orifice of the urethra. It is more frequently seen in young males, especially of brachycephalic breeds, for instance the English bulldog. Despite the pathophysiology of this disorder being little elucidated, it is believed that the cause is related to factors such as genetic susceptibility, excessive sexual behavior, traumas, abnormalities and urinary and prostatic problems. Due to limited reports on the subject, this paper aims to describe the clinical and surgical aspects of a case of urethral prolapse in a dog, surgically corrected.Case: Admitted to the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Mato Grosso (HOVET-UFMT) a dog, American Pit Bull, 7 months old, with previous history of bleeding in the penile region and pain while urinating. In the physical exam it presented: intermittent bleeding via external ostium of the urethra, increased volume and protrusion of the distal urethral mucous membrane and the external orifice of the urethra, which was presenting a round shape mass, edematous and little congested of red-purplish coloring, evidenced by the passing of urethral probe. The diagnosis of urethral prolapse was confirmed and, after conducting laboratory tests and obtaining normal results for the species, the animal was sent to surgery. It was opted for the technique of resection and anastomosis of the protruded portion of the mucous membrane. After the anesthetic protocol, it was performed the trichotomy and antisepsis of region, the fenestrated drapes were properly positioned and the urethral catheterization was done, afterwards 3 points of support were produced with nylon thread 3-0, involving the urethra and the external portion of the penis.[...](AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Background: Congenital uterine malformations are rarely identified in domestic and human animals and are related to problems during the embryonic formation of the paramesonephric ducts. Cases of agenesis and segmental aplasia or unicorn uterus have been described in bitches, but there are no reports of total uterine aplasia in this specie. The report of a case of total uterine aplasia and segmental atrophy of the cranial vagina, accidentally diagnosed is reported herein.Case: An adult female bitch without defined breed in bad general condition was attended in the emergency service in a Veterinary Hospital. During anamnesis the information was restricted because it was an errant animal rescued for the consultation, but accompanied for at least 12 months in the environment in which it lived. Data related to the estrous cycle were unknown, but no gestation was observed in the last year. Investigations detected anemia and intense thrombocytopenia, azotemia and increased alanine aminotransferase. Two days later, with no progression, images suggestive of hemometra/ mucometra were observed during abdominal ultrasonography, and the patient underwent emergency ovariohysterectomy despite the general poor condition. Before the procedure the uterus was not routinely identified, but a fibromuscular, nontubular and thin structure occupied the region corresponding to the horns and uterine body, thickening in the cervix region. Death four days after surgery and sent to necropsy. During necropsy it was observed that the vulva and the vestibule of the vagina did not present macroscopic alterations, however there was a marked digitiform narrowing of the cranial region of the vagina, which ended in blind bottom. The mucosa in this narrowing was smooth, without folds. The microscopic structure of the ovaries, uterine tubes and caudal vagina were preserved.[...](AU)

Assuntos