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A one-pot tandem process was developed aiming at the concise and expeditious enantioselective synthesis of dihydrobenzofuran, dihydrobenzosulfone, and dihydroindole scaffolds under mild, and open-flask conditions. This process combines the in situ generation of aryldiazonium salt directly from the anilines in methanol telescoped to an intramolecular Heck-Matsuda reaction linked to a redox relay process to provide the final products as the dimethyl acetals. These Heck products were smoothly converted into the corresponding primary alcohols or esters. The robustness and the efficiency of the protocol are demonstrated by the synthesis of 24 enantioenriched dihydrobenzofurans, dihydrobenzosulfones, and dihydroindoles in overall yields up to 78 % in enantiomeric ratios up to 99 : 1 by a sequential 5-step protocol.

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Healthcare workers present an increased risk of contagion for the SARS-CoV-2 virus due to their labor exposure. Here, we describe the clinical, laboratory, and immunological characteristics of healthcare workers, before vaccine application, exposed to SARS-CoV-2-infected patients. We collected sociodemographic, clinical, and laboratory information from 50 professionals who worked during the COVID-19 pandemic at the Clinical Hospital of the Northwest in Brazil. The results showed that most workers are women, over 50 years old, and worked as nursing technicians. Approximately 56% of workers were positive for a previous infection by RT-PCR and/or anti-SARS-CoV-2-immunoglobulin tests. Increased levels of hematocrit, neutrophils, NK lymphocytes, and fibrinogen, were found in positive healthcare workers, suggesting a light inflammatory status. The immunological findings showed an increase in IL-17 production and a Th2/Th17/Th22 profile followed by high serology for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG. Those data reveal the importance of studies with healthcare workers to investigate if the continuous exposition to the virus may result in chronic activation of the immune system and/or pulmonary inflammation in this target group.

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This paper presents the development, analysis, and application of chirped fiber Bragg gratings (CFBGs) for dynamic and static measurements of beams of different materials in the single-cantilever configuration. In this case, the beams were numerically analyzed using the finite-element method (FEM) for the assessment of the natural frequencies and vibration modes of the beam for the dynamic analysis of the structural element. Furthermore, the static numerical analysis was performed using a load at the free end of the beam, where the maximum strain and its distribution along the beam were analyzed, especially in the region at which the FBG was positioned. The experimental evaluation of the proposed CFBG sensor was performed in static conditions for forces from 0 to 50 N (in 10 N steps) applied at the free end of the beam, whereas the dynamic evaluation was performed by means of positioning an unbalanced motor at the end of the beam, which was excited at 16 Hz, 65 Hz, 100 Hz, and 131 Hz. The results showed the feasibility of the proposed device for the simultaneous assessment of the force and strain distribution along the CFBG region using the wavelength shift and the full-width at half-maximum (FWHM), respectively. In these cases, the determination coefficients of the spectral features as a function of the force and strain distribution were higher than 0.99 in all analyzed cases, where a potential resolution of 0.25 N was obtained on the force assessment. In the dynamic tests, the frequency spectrum of the sensor responses indicated a frequency peak at the excited frequency in all analyzed cases. Therefore, the proposed sensor device is a suitable option to extend the performance of sensors for structural health assessment, since it is possible to simultaneously measure different parameters in dynamic and static conditions using only one sensor device, which, due to its multiplexing capabilities, can be integrated with additional optical fiber sensors for the complete shape reconstruction with millimeter-range spatial resolution.

RESUMO

This paper presents the development, analysis and application of a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) array for two-dimensional (2D) shape reconstruction in a cantilever beam. The structural elements made of Pinus wood and Nylon 6.0 were numerically analyzed using the finite element method for the strain distribution when constant loading is applied at the free end of the beam. In addition, the temperature compensation method is proposed to decouple the temperature cross-sensitivity in the deflection analysis. In this case, the temperature sensitivities of all sensing elements of the 5-FBG array were obtained. An additional FBG was encapsulated in a silicone mold for increased sensitivity and positioned in the clamping point in which deflection was negligible. Temperature compensation was achieved considering the temperature measured by the silicone-embedded FBG (sensitivity of 27.78 pm/°C) and the sensitivity of all five FBGs of the deflection-sensing array (9.14 pm/°C ± 0.33 pm/°C). In the deflection experiments, the sensors presented a high linearity, in which a determination coefficient (R2) higher than 0.995 was obtained in all of the analyzed cases. Furthermore, the 2D shape construction using the proposed sensor approach resulted in the elastic line estimation for all analyzed beams, where the experimental results were in agreement with the theoretical and numerical analysis with a R2 higher than 0.99 in all of the analyzed cases. Therefore, the proposed sensor array is a feasible approach for real-time shape reconstruction of structural elements with the advantages related to the possibility of direct embedment in the measured structure.

RESUMO

Health professionals working to mitigate the COVID-19 pandemic are one of the main risk groups for the disease, being prioritized for vaccination. Considering this, the aim of this study was to analyze the immune response of these professionals immunized with CoronaVac in the first and second doses. Blood samples were collected after the first and second doses of the vaccine (CoronaVac) and used to investigate hematological and biochemical parameters, analysis of immunoglobulin production, cytokines, and gene expression profile, as well as the identification of subsets of immune cells. Post-first dose immunological phenotypic memory (CD27+) profiles (T CD4+, TCD8+ and CD19+) showed a significant increase, as did Monocyte APCs (CD80+HLA-DR+) in relation to the second dose. The cytokines IL-2, IL-6 and IFN-° showed increased values in relation to the other analyzed cytokines. The Th2/Th17 profile in the second dose was characterized by gene expression analysis. The production of IgM and IgG after vaccination showed statistically significant values in the comparison between doses. CoronaVac showed activation of APCs monocytes, memory response of T and B lymphocytes, with immunoglobulins production. This set of responses is characterized by the Th2/Th17 immunological profile.

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Callinectes danae and C. ornatus are economically important species in several countries, including Brazil. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the L50 of these species using morphological, morphometric, and physiological data. The estimated values were statically compared and results from previous studies were analyzed to verify latitudinal variations among the sizes of sexual maturity at different latitudes of the Brazilian coast. Individuals were monthly collected in the Paraguaçu River estuary from August 2013 to July 2014, using cage traps. L50 estimates for C. danae were morphological=55.80 mm, morphometric=59.04, mm, and physiological=60.41 mm for males and morphological=54.63 mm, morphometric=55.33 mm, and physiological=57.29 mm for females. Considering C. ornatus, estimates were morphological=42.63 mm, morphometric=50.81 mm, and physiological=43.95 mm for males and morphological=42.33 mm, mor-phometric=42.75 mm, and physiological=40.43 mm for females. Our results indicated that the minimum catch sizes should be equal to 61.00 mm for C. danae and 51.00 for C. ornatus and that the mesh of traps used by fishermen must be adjusted to prevent the capture of immature animals.

Callinectes danae e C. ornatus são siris economicamente importantes em vários países, incluindo o Brasil. O presente estudo objetivou determinar o L50 dessas espécies com base em dados morfológicos, morfométricos e fisiológicos. Os valores estimados foram comparados estatisticamente e os resultados de estudos anteriores no Brasil foram analisados para verificar variações latitudinais nos tamanhos de maturidade sexual em diferentes regiões da costa brasileira. Os exemplares foram coletados mensalmente, de agosto de 2013 a julho de 2014, por meio de armadilhas do tipo gaiola. As estimativas de L50 em C. danae foram morfológica=55,80 mm, morfométrica=59,04 mm e fisiológica=60,41 mm para machos e morfológica=54,63 mm, morfométrica=55,33 mm e fisiológica=57,29 mm para fêmeas. Considerando C. ornatus, as estimativas foram: morfológica=42,63 mm, morfométrica=50,81 mm e fisiológica=43,95 mm para machos e morfológica=42,33 mm, morfométrica=42,75 mm e fisiológica=40,43 mm para fêmeas. Nossos resultados indicaram que os tamanhos mínimos de captura deveriam ser iguais a 61,00 mm para C. danae e 51,00 mm para C. ornatus e a malha das armadilhas usadas pelos pescadores ajustada para impedir a captura de animais imaturos.

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BACKGROUND: Opportunistic fungal infections are increasingly common, with Candida albicans being the most common etiological agent; however, in recent years, episodes of candidiasis caused by non-albicans Candida species have emerged. Plants belonging to the Lauraceae family have shown remarkable antifungal effects. This study assessed the anti-Candida activity of Ocotea glomerata extracts and fractions, time of death and the synergistic effects with conventional antifungals. The possible mechanism of action was also addressed. METHODS: Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were determined by broth microdilution technique, and the mechanism of action was assessed by ergosterol, sorbitol, cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and phosphatidylserine externalization tests. RESULTS: All the tested extracts evidenced antifungal activity, but the methanol extract was revealed to be the most effective (MIC = 3.12 µg/mL) on C. krusei. The combination of methanol extract with ketoconazole and fluconazole revealed a synergistic effect for C. krusei and C. albicans, respectively. Fractions 1 and 5 obtained from the methanol extract had fungicidal activity, mainly against C. krusei. Methanol extract did not reveal effects by ergosterol and sorbitol assays; however, it led to an increase in intracellular ROS levels, decreased cell viability, and consequently, cell death. CONCLUSION: O. glomerata methanol extract may be viewed as a rich source of biomolecules with antifungal activity against Candida spp.

RESUMO

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) cause cell damage and death. To reverse these effects, cells produce substances such as reduced glutathione (GSH) that serve as substrates for antioxidant enzymes. One way to combat microbial resistance includes nullifying the effect of glutathione in microbial cells, causing them to die from oxidative stress. The compound 2-((5-nitrothiophen-2-yl)methylene)-N-(pyridin-3-yl) hydrazine carbothioamide (L10) is a new thiophene-thiosemicarbazone derivative with promising antifungal activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate its mechanism of action against Candida albicans using assays that evaluate its effects on redox balance. Treatment with L10 promoted significant changes in the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values in ascorbic acid and GSH protection tests, the latter increasing up to 64-fold of the MIC. Using nuclear magnetic resonance, we demonstrated interaction of L10 and GSH. At concentrations of 4.0 and 8.0 µg/mL, significant changes were observed in ROS production and mitochondrial membrane potential. The cell death profile showed characteristics of initial apoptosis at inhibitory concentrations (4.0 µg/mL). Transmission electron microscopy data corroborated these results and indicated signs of apoptosis, damage to plasma and nuclear membranes, and to mitochondria. Taken together, these results suggest a possible mechanism of action for L10 antifungal activity, involving changes in cellular redox balance, ROS production, and apoptosis-compatible cellular changes.

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The arylative oxygenation of the electron-rich olefins styrene, α-methylstyrene, vinyl pyrrolidinone, and vinyl oxazolidinone was accomplished using arenediazonium salts and catalytic amounts of FeSO4 in an effective single electron transfer radical process. A broad range of aryldiazonium salts was tolerated using water, methanol, or their combination with acetonitrile to furnish the corresponding carbohydroxylated and carbomethoxylated products (42 examples), including functionalized dihydroisocoumarin and dihydrobenzofuran systems in good to excellent yields (up to 88%). The protocols developed for the Fe(II)-catalyzed carbohydroxylation were also compared to Ru(II) and Ir(III) photoredox carbooxygenations of these electron-rich olefins. The Fe(II)-catalyzed process proved to be highly competitive compared to the photoredox and the uncatalyzed processes. The proposed mechanism for the Fe(II)-catalyzed reactions involves the synergic combination with an effective Fe+2/Fe+3 redox system and a radical polar crossover mechanism featuring an unprecedented capture of the reactive N-acyliminium in the case of vinyl pyrrolidinone and vinyl oxazolidinone.

RESUMO

Rootstocks influence certain characteristics of the scion, such as vigor, fruit yield and quality, and tolerance to biotic and abiotic factors. In conventional citrus breeding programs, hybridization is the main method used for obtaining rootstock varieties. Between Sept and Oct 2006, controlled pollinations were carried out resulting in nine progenies, totaling 461 hybrid seedlings. The female parents were the ‘Santa Cruz Rangpur lime (SCRL) and the ‘Sunki of Florida mandarin (SFM), while the male parents, in addition to this mandarin, were the ‘Indio and ‘Riverside citrandarins, the ‘Thomasville citrangequat (THOM), the ‘Swingle citrumelo, the ‘Argentina citrange (AGC) and the ‘Benecke trifoliate orange (BKTO). Fruit setting rates of these crosses were measured and the hybrids generated were planted in the field in 2008 and evaluated from 2010 to 2014, for the variables of plant mortality, visual vigor, plant height and trunk diameter. The descriptive statistics mean, variation range, coefficient of variation and Pearson skewness coefficient were calculated. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and the means of the treatments were grouped by the Scott-Knott test, both at 5 % significance. The progenies, having the ‘Sunki mandarin as the female parent, presented higher fruit setting rates and lower plant mortality rates than those obtained from the female parent ‘Rangpur lime, while zero plant mortality was observed in the SFM × BKTO cross. The crosses SCRL × SFM, SFM × BKTO, SFM × AGC and SFM × THOM have the potential to generate vigorous hybrids, resulting in rootstock varieties adapted to the landscape unit of Coastal Tableland.(AU)

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Highlands are a new frontier to produce fine wines in the Southern region of Brazil (27º 12" 24" S, 51º 06" 96" W, 1211 m altitude) and has presented specific oenological characteristics with a good adaptation of some varieties, among them, Canaiolo nero. To characterize the wines of this region, during the 2012 and 2014 harvests the volatile compounds were determined through the MHS-SPME-GC-MS technique. The grapes were harvested, and samples analyzed in triplicate. The positive identification of the volatile compounds was performed by comparing the experimentally obtained mass spectrum and retention index with the reference spectra and retention indices available in the literature. Four consecutive extractions were used for quantitative evaluation to avoid a matrix effect. Odor activity value was calculated from the perception threshold for each evaluated compound. The mean soluble solids content was 21.55o Brix, and total acid content was 81.0 meq L-1; the mean weight of the clusters was 176 g, and the productivity was 2.2 tons per hectare (espalier 1.5 m × 3.0 m). Thirty-one volatile compounds were identified and quantified in the analyzed samples. The major components were the aromatic alcohol 2-phenylethanol (38.364 µg L-1), and the esters diethyl succinate (6.357 µg L-1) and ethyl acetate (2.005 µg L-1); and the compound of class C6, 1-hexanol (3.2 µg L-1). Odor activity values showed the compounds that contribute the most to the aroma of the analyzed wines, highlighting ethyl isovalerate (OAV 394.38), ethyl hexanoate (OAV 9.22), ethyl cinnamate (OAV 8.62) ethyl isobutanoate (OAV 5.59), β-damascenone (OAV 2.44), hexanoic acid (OAV 4.03), octanoic acid (OAV 3.64) and isoamyl acetate (OAV 3.01). These results showed the aroma characteristics of Santa Catarina wines of the Canaiolo nero variety, especially fruity aromas of apple, green apple, strawberry, plum and banana; and floral aroma of violet and roses.(AU)

As regiões de altitude elevada são uma nova fronteira para a produção de vinhos finos no Sul do Brasil (27º12"24" S, 51º06"96" W, 1211 m de altitude) por apresentar características enológicas diferenciadas com uma boa adaptação de algumas variedades, entre elas Canaiolo Nero. Para caracterizar os vinhos desta região, durante as colheitas 2012 e 2014 foram determinados os compostos voláteis por meio da técnica de MHS-SPME-GC-MS. As uvas foram colhidas, as amostras analisadas em triplicada e a identificação positiva dos voláteis foi realizada comparando o espectro de massa e o índice de retenção experimentalmente obtidos com os espectros de referência e os índices de retenção disponíveis na literatura. Para a avaliação quantitativa foram utilizadas quatro extrações consecutivas, para evitar o efeito da matriz e o valor da atividade do odor foi calculado a partir do limiar de percepção para cada composto avaliado. Os sólidos solúveis médios foram 21,55 Brix e acidez total de 81,0 meq L-1; o peso médio dos cachos foi de 176 g e a produtividade de 2,2 toneladas por hectare (espaldeira - 1,5 m x 3,0 m). Um total de 31 voláteis foram identificados e quantificados nas amostras analisadas. Os principais componentes foram os ésteres álcool 2-feniletanol (38,364 g L-1), succinato de dietilo (6,357 g L-1) e acetato de etilo (2,005 g L-1); e o composto da classe C6, 1-hexanol (3,2 μg L-1). Os valores da atividade do odor mostraram os compostos de maior contribuição para o aroma dos vinhos analisados, destacando o isovalerato de etila (OAV 394,38), o hexanoato de etila (OAV 9,22), o isobutanoato de etila e cinamato de etila (OAV 8,62) (OAV 5,59), β-damascenona ( OAV 2,44), ácido hexanóico (OAV 4,03), ácido octanóico (OAV 3,64) e acetato de isoamila (OAV 3,01). (AU)

RESUMO

ABSTRACT: Rootstocks influence certain characteristics of the scion, such as vigor, fruit yield and quality, and tolerance to biotic and abiotic factors. In conventional citrus breeding programs, hybridization is the main method used for obtaining rootstock varieties. Between Sept and Oct 2006, controlled pollinations were carried out resulting in nine progenies, totaling 461 hybrid seedlings. The female parents were the Santa Cruz Rangpur lime (SCRL) and the Sunki of Florida mandarin (SFM), while the male parents, in addition to this mandarin, were the Indio and Riverside citrandarins, the Thomasville citrangequat (THOM), the Swingle citrumelo, the Argentina citrange (AGC) and the Benecke trifoliate orange (BKTO). Fruit setting rates of these crosses were measured and the hybrids generated were planted in the field in 2008 and evaluated from 2010 to 2014, for the variables of plant mortality, visual vigor, plant height and trunk diameter. The descriptive statistics mean, variation range, coefficient of variation and Pearson skewness coefficient were calculated. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and the means of the treatments were grouped by the Scott-Knott test, both at 5 % significance. The progenies, having the Sunki mandarin as the female parent, presented higher fruit setting rates and lower plant mortality rates than those obtained from the female parent Rangpur lime, while zero plant mortality was observed in the SFM × BKTO cross. The crosses SCRL × SFM, SFM × BKTO, SFM × AGC and SFM × THOM have the potential to generate vigorous hybrids, resulting in rootstock varieties adapted to the landscape unit of Coastal Tableland.

RESUMO

Rootstocks influence certain characteristics of the scion, such as vigor, fruit yield and quality, and tolerance to biotic and abiotic factors. In conventional citrus breeding programs, hybridization is the main method used for obtaining rootstock varieties. Between Sept and Oct 2006, controlled pollinations were carried out resulting in nine progenies, totaling 461 hybrid seedlings. The female parents were the ‘Santa Cruz Rangpur’ lime (SCRL) and the ‘Sunki of Florida’ mandarin (SFM), while the male parents, in addition to this mandarin, were the ‘Indio’ and ‘Riverside’ citrandarins, the ‘Thomasville’ citrangequat (THOM), the ‘Swingle’ citrumelo, the ‘Argentina’ citrange (AGC) and the ‘Benecke’ trifoliate orange (BKTO). Fruit setting rates of these crosses were measured and the hybrids generated were planted in the field in 2008 and evaluated from 2010 to 2014, for the variables of plant mortality, visual vigor, plant height and trunk diameter. The descriptive statistics mean, variation range, coefficient of variation and Pearson skewness coefficient were calculated. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and the means of the treatments were grouped by the Scott-Knott test, both at 5 % significance. The progenies, having the ‘Sunki’ mandarin as the female parent, presented higher fruit setting rates and lower plant mortality rates than those obtained from the female parent ‘Rangpur’ lime, while zero plant mortality was observed in the SFM × BKTO cross. The crosses SCRL × SFM, SFM × BKTO, SFM × AGC and SFM × THOM have the potential to generate vigorous hybrids, resulting in rootstock varieties adapted to the landscape unit of Coastal Tableland.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Highlands are a new frontier to produce fine wines in the Southern region of Brazil (27º 12" 24" S, 51º 06" 96" W, 1211 m altitude) and has presented specific oenological characteristics with a good adaptation of some varieties, among them, Canaiolo nero. To characterize the wines of this region, during the 2012 and 2014 harvests the volatile compounds were determined through the MHS-SPME-GC-MS technique. The grapes were harvested, and samples analyzed in triplicate. The positive identification of the volatile compounds was performed by comparing the experimentally obtained mass spectrum and retention index with the reference spectra and retention indices available in the literature. Four consecutive extractions were used for quantitative evaluation to avoid a matrix effect. Odor activity value was calculated from the perception threshold for each evaluated compound. The mean soluble solids content was 21.55o Brix, and total acid content was 81.0 meq L-1; the mean weight of the clusters was 176 g, and the productivity was 2.2 tons per hectare (espalier 1.5 m × 3.0 m). Thirty-one volatile compounds were identified and quantified in the analyzed samples. The major components were the aromatic alcohol 2-phenylethanol (38.364 µg L-1), and the esters diethyl succinate (6.357 µg L-1) and ethyl acetate (2.005 µg L-1); and the compound of class C6, 1-hexanol (3.2 µg L-1). Odor activity values showed the compounds that contribute the most to the aroma of the analyzed wines, highlighting ethyl isovalerate (OAV 394.38), ethyl hexanoate (OAV 9.22), ethyl cinnamate (OAV 8.62) ethyl isobutanoate (OAV 5.59), β-damascenone (OAV 2.44), hexanoic acid (OAV 4.03), octanoic acid (OAV 3.64) and isoamyl acetate (OAV 3.01). These results showed the aroma characteristics of Santa Catarina wines of the Canaiolo nero variety, especially fruity aromas of apple, green apple, strawberry, plum and banana; and floral aroma of violet and roses.

As regiões de altitude elevada são uma nova fronteira para a produção de vinhos finos no Sul do Brasil (27º12"24" S, 51º06"96" W, 1211 m de altitude) por apresentar características enológicas diferenciadas com uma boa adaptação de algumas variedades, entre elas Canaiolo Nero. Para caracterizar os vinhos desta região, durante as colheitas 2012 e 2014 foram determinados os compostos voláteis por meio da técnica de MHS-SPME-GC-MS. As uvas foram colhidas, as amostras analisadas em triplicada e a identificação positiva dos voláteis foi realizada comparando o espectro de massa e o índice de retenção experimentalmente obtidos com os espectros de referência e os índices de retenção disponíveis na literatura. Para a avaliação quantitativa foram utilizadas quatro extrações consecutivas, para evitar o efeito da matriz e o valor da atividade do odor foi calculado a partir do limiar de percepção para cada composto avaliado. Os sólidos solúveis médios foram 21,55 Brix e acidez total de 81,0 meq L-1; o peso médio dos cachos foi de 176 g e a produtividade de 2,2 toneladas por hectare (espaldeira - 1,5 m x 3,0 m). Um total de 31 voláteis foram identificados e quantificados nas amostras analisadas. Os principais componentes foram os ésteres álcool 2-feniletanol (38,364 g L-1), succinato de dietilo (6,357 g L-1) e acetato de etilo (2,005 g L-1); e o composto da classe C6, 1-hexanol (3,2 μg L-1). Os valores da atividade do odor mostraram os compostos de maior contribuição para o aroma dos vinhos analisados, destacando o isovalerato de etila (OAV 394,38), o hexanoato de etila (OAV 9,22), o isobutanoato de etila e cinamato de etila (OAV 8,62) (OAV 5,59), β-damascenona ( OAV 2,44), ácido hexanóico (OAV 4,03), ácido octanóico (OAV 3,64) e acetato de isoamila (OAV 3,01).

RESUMO

Objetivos: este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o conhecimento teórico dos acadêmicos do curso de enfermagem de uma Universidade da Grande Florianópolis/SC sobre reanimação cardiopulmonar. Método: É uma pesquisa quantiqualitativa,exploratória e descritiva, utilizando como instrumento de coleta de dados um questionário semi estruturado. Os participantes foram 21 acadêmicos do curso de enfermagem, matriculados no último semestre do curso, no ano de 2016. Para análise dos resultados, foi utilizado o método de análise de conteúdo de Bardim e o programa Microsoft Office Excel Versão 2007. Resultados:Os resultados mostraram que a idade dos participantes variou entre vinte e dois a quarenta e nove anos, sendo a média de 31,57 anos, predominando o sexo feminino. Em relação à atuação na área da saúde, quatorze (66,6%) já trabalham neste campo e se sentem preparados para atender uma parada cardiorrespiratória. No que diz respeito às drogas utilizadas na recuperação cardiopulmonar, ritmos chocáveis, ventilação e compressão adequada, os resultados foram satisfatórios. Conclusão:Salienta-se a importância na formação profissional tendo como um dos enfoques a reanimação cardiopulmonar. Este estudo poderá contribuir para discussões acerca da intensificação na formação dos acadêmicos de enfermagem nos conteúdos teóricos e práticos relacionados à parada cardiorrespiratória e manobras de reanimação cardiopulmonar.

Objective: this study aimed to evaluate the nursing students’ theoretical knowledge of a University of Greater Florianópolis/SCabout cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Method: It is both quantitative and qualitative, exploratory and descriptive research, using asa data collection instrument a semi-structured questionnaire. The participants were 21 undergraduate nursing students enrolled inthe last semester of the course in the year 2016. For the results analysis, the Bardim content analysis method and the MicrosoftOffice Excel Version 2007 program were used. Results: The results showed that participants’ age ranged from twenty-two to fortynine,with a mean of 31.57 years, predominantly female. In relation to health work, fourteen (66.6%) already work in the area andfeel prepared to attend a cardiorespiratory stop. Regarding the drugs used in cardiopulmonary recovery, shockable rhythms,ventilation and adequate compression, the results were satisfactory. Conclusion: It is important to emphasize the importance ofprofessional training with one of the approaches to cardiopulmonary resuscitation. This study may contribute to discussions aboutthe intensification of nursing students training in theoretical and practical contents related to cardiopulmonary arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation maneuvers.

Objetivo: este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar los conocimientos teóricos de los alumnos del curso de enfermería de la Universidad de Florianópolis / SC en la reanimación cardiopulmonar. Método: Se trata de una investigación cuantitativa ycualitativa, exploratoria y descriptiva, utilizando como instrumento de recolección de datos un cuestionario semi-estructurado. Losparticipantes fueron 21 estudiantes del programa de enfermería inscritos en el último semestre del año 2016. Para el análisis dedatos se utilizó el método de análisis de contenido Bardim, y Microsoft Office Excel versión 2007. Resultados: Los resultados mostraron que la edad de los participantes variaron entre veintidós y cuarenta y nueve años, con una media de 31,57 años,predominantemente mujeres. En cuanto a la actuación en la área de salud, catorce (66,6%) ya están trabajando en este campo y sesienten preparados para responder a un paro cardiopulmonar. En cuanto a los fármacos utilizados en la recuperación cardiopulmonar, ritmos susceptibles de choque, ventilación y compresión adecuada, los resultados fueron satisfactorios.Conclusión: Se hace hincapié en la importancia de la formación con uno de los enfoques para la reanimación cardiopulmonar. Esteestudio puede contribuir a discusiones acerca de la intensificación en la formación de los académicos de enfermería en los contenidos teóricos y prácticos relacionados a la Parada Cardiorrespiratoria y maniobras de Reanimación Cardiopulmonar.

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RESUMO

Worldwide, peach propagation has been performed mainly by grafting scions of desirable cultivars on rootstocks obtained from seeds. There are, however, other potential propagation methods not widely adopted due to the limited reports on the field performance of the resultant trees. This study addressed this knowledge gap and investigated the field performance of peach trees of the cultivar Maciel that were established in an orchard (5.0 m × 1.4 m spacing) in 2011. The trees were trained in a "Y" system, with seedlings from three propagation techniques: 1) Conventional System (CS) - vegetative bud grafting of the scion on the rootstock of the Okinawa cultivar obtained from seed; 2) Rootstock by Minicutting (RM) - vegetative bud grafting of the scion on the rootstock of the Okinawa cultivar obtained by minicutting in a semi-hydroponic system; 3) Self-Rooting (SR) - self-rooting of the scion in a semi-hydroponic system. The vegetative, productive, and fruit quality parameters were assessed during 2012 and 2013. The Maciel peach trees that were propagated by the SR technique were found to have similar or even superior field performance to those propagated by the CS. The RM propagation method was also found to be an important potential alternative to peach propagation, since this it combines two techniques (cutting and grafting) to reduce tree vigor, especially if the goal is high-density planting.

Em todo o mundo, a propagação de pessegueiro tem sido realizada principalmente por enxertia de cultivares copa em porta-enxertos obtidos a partir de sementes. No entanto, existem outros métodos de propagação potenciais que não são amplamente adotados devido à pouca informação em relação ao desempenho a campo das plantas. A fim de responder a esta pergunta, em 2011, pessegueiros da cultivar Maciel foram plantados (5,0m × 1,4 m de espaçamento) em um sistema de condução em "Y", com mudas oriundas de três diferentes técnicas de propagação. 1) Sistema Convencional (CS) - enxertia da copa sobre o porta-enxerto Okinawa obtido por semente; 2) Porta-enxerto clonado (RM) - enxertia da copa sobre o porta-enxerto Okinawa obtido por miniestaquia em sistema semi-hidropônico; 3) Autoenraizamento (SR) - autoenraizamento da copa em sistema semi-hidropônico. No período de três anos, foram avaliadas variáveis vegetativas, produtivas e de qualidade dos frutos. Concluiu-se que o sistema de produção da muda por semi-hidroponia proporcionou plantas de qualidade igual ou superior ao método tradicional, tornando-se uma alternativa de propagação de pessegueiro. Além disso, o método de propagação RM parece ser uma alternativa importante para a propagação de pessegueiro quando o objetivo for o plantio de alta densidade, uma vez que este combina duas técnicas para reduzir o vigor da planta.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Worldwide, peach propagation has been performed mainly by grafting scions of desirable cultivars on rootstocks obtained from seeds. There are, however, other potential propagation methods not widely adopted due to the limited reports on the field performance of the resultant trees. This study addressed this knowledge gap and investigated the field performance of peach trees of the cultivar Maciel that were established in an orchard (5.0 m × 1.4 m spacing) in 2011. The trees were trained in a "Y" system, with seedlings from three propagation techniques: 1) Conventional System (CS) - vegetative bud grafting of the scion on the rootstock of the Okinawa cultivar obtained from seed; 2) Rootstock by Minicutting (RM) - vegetative bud grafting of the scion on the rootstock of the Okinawa cultivar obtained by minicutting in a semi-hydroponic system; 3) Self-Rooting (SR) - self-rooting of the scion in a semi-hydroponic system. The vegetative, productive, and fruit quality parameters were assessed during 2012 and 2013. The Maciel peach trees that were propagated by the SR technique were found to have similar or even superior field performance to those propagated by the CS. The RM propagation method was also found to be an important potential alternative to peach propagation, since this it combines two techniques (cutting and grafting) to reduce tree vigor, especially if the goal is high-density planting.(AU)

Em todo o mundo, a propagação de pessegueiro tem sido realizada principalmente por enxertia de cultivares copa em porta-enxertos obtidos a partir de sementes. No entanto, existem outros métodos de propagação potenciais que não são amplamente adotados devido à pouca informação em relação ao desempenho a campo das plantas. A fim de responder a esta pergunta, em 2011, pessegueiros da cultivar Maciel foram plantados (5,0m × 1,4 m de espaçamento) em um sistema de condução em "Y", com mudas oriundas de três diferentes técnicas de propagação. 1) Sistema Convencional (CS) - enxertia da copa sobre o porta-enxerto Okinawa obtido por semente; 2) Porta-enxerto clonado (RM) - enxertia da copa sobre o porta-enxerto Okinawa obtido por miniestaquia em sistema semi-hidropônico; 3) Autoenraizamento (SR) - autoenraizamento da copa em sistema semi-hidropônico. No período de três anos, foram avaliadas variáveis vegetativas, produtivas e de qualidade dos frutos. Concluiu-se que o sistema de produção da muda por semi-hidroponia proporcionou plantas de qualidade igual ou superior ao método tradicional, tornando-se uma alternativa de propagação de pessegueiro. Além disso, o método de propagação RM parece ser uma alternativa importante para a propagação de pessegueiro quando o objetivo for o plantio de alta densidade, uma vez que este combina duas técnicas para reduzir o vigor da planta.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

In the present work, twelve N-substituted 2-(5-nitro-thiophene)-thiosemicarbazones derivatives (L1-12) were synthesized, characterized and their in vitro cytotoxic and antifungal activities were evaluated against Candida sp. and Cryptococcus neoformans. The probable mechanisms of action have been investigated by sorbitol and ergosterol assays. Additionally, ultrastructural study by Scanning Electron Microscopy was performed with the L10 compound. All compounds were obtained in good yield and their chemical structures were characterized on basis of their physico-chemical and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance - NMR, Spectrophotometric Absorption in the Infrared - IR and High-resolution Mass Spectrometry - HRMS data. The results showed that all strains were more sensitive to the compound L10 except Candida tropicalis URM 6551. On the other hand, the cytotoxicity assay by incorporation of tritiated thymidine showed moderate cytotoxic activity on L8 of the 50 µg/mLat which had the best MIC-cytotoxicity relationship. Concerning the study of the possible mechanism of action, the compounds were not able to bind to ergosterol in the membrane, do not act by inhibiting the synthesis of fungal cell wall (sorbitol assay). However, the Scanning Electron Microscopy - SEM analysis shows significant morphological changes in shape, size, number of cells and hyphae, and cell wall indicating a possible mechanism of action by inhibition of enzymes related to the ergosterol biosynthesis pathway. Our results demonstrate that N-substituted 2-(5-nitro-thiophene)-thiosemicarbazones derivatives are potential antifungal agents with activity associated with inhibition of enzymes related to biosynthesis of ergosterol.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Worldwide, peach propagation has been performed mainly by grafting scions of desirable cultivars on rootstocks obtained from seeds. There are, however, other potential propagation methods not widely adopted due to the limited reports on the field performance of the resultant trees. This study addressed this knowledge gap and investigated the field performance of peach trees of the cultivar Maciel that were established in an orchard (5.0 m × 1.4 m spacing) in 2011. The trees were trained in a "Y" system, with seedlings from three propagation techniques: 1) Conventional System (CS) - vegetative bud grafting of the scion on the rootstock of the Okinawa cultivar obtained from seed; 2) Rootstock by Minicutting (RM) - vegetative bud grafting of the scion on the rootstock of the Okinawa cultivar obtained by minicutting in a semi-hydroponic system; 3) Self-Rooting (SR) - self-rooting of the scion in a semi-hydroponic system. The vegetative, productive, and fruit quality parameters were assessed during 2012 and 2013. The Maciel peach trees that were propagated by the SR technique were found to have similar or even superior field performance to those propagated by the CS. The RM propagation method was also found to be an important potential alternative to peach propagation, since this it combines two techniques (cutting and grafting) to reduce tree vigor, especially if the goal is high-d

Em todo o mundo, a propagação de pessegueiro tem sido realizada principalmente por enxertia de cultivares copa em porta-enxertos obtidos a partir de sementes. No entanto, existem outros métodos de propagação potenciais que não são amplamente adotados devido à pouca informação em relação ao desempenho a campo das plantas. A fim de responder a esta pergunta, em 2011, pessegueiros da cultivar Maciel foram plantados (5,0m × 1,4 m de espaçamento) em um sistema de condução em "Y", com mudas oriundas de três diferentes técnicas de propagação. 1) Sistema Convencional (CS) - enxertia da copa sobre o porta-enxerto Okinawa obtido por semente; 2) Porta-enxerto clonado (RM) - enxertia da copa sobre o porta-enxerto Okinawa obtido por miniestaquia em sistema semi-hidropônico; 3) Autoenraizamento (SR) - autoenraizamento da copa em sistema semi-hidropônico. No período de três anos, foram avaliadas variáveis vegetativas, produtivas e de qualidade dos frutos. Concluiu-se que o sistema de produção da muda por semi-hidroponia proporcionou plantas de qualidade igual ou superior ao método tradicional, tornando-se uma alternativa de propagação de pessegueiro. Além disso, o método de propagação RM parece ser uma alternativa importante para a propagação de pessegueiro quando o objetivo for o plantio de alta densidade, uma vez que este combina duas técnicas para reduzir o vigor da planta.

RESUMO

Worldwide, peach propagation has been performed mainly by grafting scions of desirable cultivars on rootstocks obtained from seeds. There are, however, other potential propagation methods not widely adopted due to the limited reports on the field performance of the resultant trees. This study addressed this knowledge gap and investigated the field performance of peach trees of the cultivar Maciel that were established in an orchard (5.0 m × 1.4 m spacing) in 2011. The trees were trained in a "Y" system, with seedlings from three propagation techniques: 1) Conventional System (CS) - vegetative bud grafting of the scion on the rootstock of the Okinawa cultivar obtained from seed; 2) Rootstock by Minicutting (RM) - vegetative bud grafting of the scion on the rootstock of the Okinawa cultivar obtained by minicutting in a semi-hydroponic system; 3) Self-Rooting (SR) - self-rooting of the scion in a semi-hydroponic system. The vegetative, productive, and fruit quality parameters were assessed during 2012 and 2013. The Maciel peach trees that were propagated by the SR technique were found to have similar or even superior field performance to those propagated by the CS. The RM propagation method was also found to be an important potential alternative to peach propagation, since this it combines two techniques (cutting and grafting) to reduce tree vigor, especially if the goal is high-d

Em todo o mundo, a propagação de pessegueiro tem sido realizada principalmente por enxertia de cultivares copa em porta-enxertos obtidos a partir de sementes. No entanto, existem outros métodos de propagação potenciais que não são amplamente adotados devido à pouca informação em relação ao desempenho a campo das plantas. A fim de responder a esta pergunta, em 2011, pessegueiros da cultivar Maciel foram plantados (5,0m × 1,4 m de espaçamento) em um sistema de condução em "Y", com mudas oriundas de três diferentes técnicas de propagação. 1) Sistema Convencional (CS) - enxertia da copa sobre o porta-enxerto Okinawa obtido por semente; 2) Porta-enxerto clonado (RM) - enxertia da copa sobre o porta-enxerto Okinawa obtido por miniestaquia em sistema semi-hidropônico; 3) Autoenraizamento (SR) - autoenraizamento da copa em sistema semi-hidropônico. No período de três anos, foram avaliadas variáveis vegetativas, produtivas e de qualidade dos frutos. Concluiu-se que o sistema de produção da muda por semi-hidroponia proporcionou plantas de qualidade igual ou superior ao método tradicional, tornando-se uma alternativa de propagação de pessegueiro. Além disso, o método de propagação RM parece ser uma alternativa importante para a propagação de pessegueiro quando o objetivo for o plantio de alta densidade, uma vez que este combina duas técnicas para reduzir o vigor da planta.