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OBJECTIVE: To analyze the epidemiological profile and the specific survival of patients diagnosed with tongue squamous cell carcinoma at the National Cancer Institute (INCA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Hospital Cancer Registry System Data and Mortality Information from 2007 to 2009 were retrieved in a retrospective cohort study of patients diagnosed with tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Specific survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. The association between independent variables and the risk of death was explored in a Cox proportional hazards regression model. RESULTS: A total of 346 patients were eligible, mostly male (77.5%), smokers (87.6%), with alcohol consumption (80.9%), with low education (65.6%), advanced staging at the time of diagnosis (71.1%), and presenting a high mortality rate (72.5%). In total, 44.5% of patients underwent a surgical approach alone or associated with another treatment modality, of which 85.1% of patients underwent neck dissection and 90.1% had free surgical margins. Specific survival was 40.6% in two years and 31.2% in five years. CONCLUSION: The 5-year specific survival was considered worse in individuals over 60 years, and who did not undergo surgical treatment or had surgery associated with another treatment, compared to patients undergoing isolated surgery.

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BACKGROUND: In Brazil, malaria is concentrated in the Amazon Basin, where more than 99% of the annual cases are reported. The main goal of this study was to investigate the population structure and genetic association of the biting behavior of Nyssorhynchus (also known as Anopheles) darlingi, the major malaria vector in the Amazon region of Brazil, using low-coverage genomic sequencing data. METHODS: Samples were collected in the municipality of Mâncio Lima, Acre state, Brazil between 2016 and 2017. Different approaches using genotype imputation and no gene imputation for data treatment and low-coverage sequencing genotyping were performed. After the samples were genotyped, population stratification analysis was performed. RESULTS: Weak but statistically significant stratification signatures were identified between subpopulations separated by distances of approximately 2-3 km. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) were performed to compare indoor/outdoor biting behavior and blood-seeking at dusk/dawn. A statistically significant association was observed between biting behavior and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers adjacent to the gene associated with cytochrome P450 (CYP) 4H14, which is associated with insecticide resistance. A statistically significant association between blood-seeking periodicity and SNP markers adjacent to genes associated with the circadian cycle was also observed. CONCLUSION: The data presented here suggest that low-coverage whole-genome sequencing with adequate processing is a powerful tool to genetically characterize vector populations at a microgeographic scale in malaria transmission areas, as well as for use in GWAS. Female mosquitoes entering houses to take a blood meal may be related to a specific CYP4H14 allele, and female timing of blood-seeking is related to circadian rhythm genes.

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Introdução: A doença do enxerto contra o hospedeiro crônica (DECHc) é a principal causa de morbimortalidade após o transplante alogênico de células-tronco hematopoiéticas (TCTH-alo). Relato do Caso: Acompanhamento odontológico de paciente do sexo masculino, 59 anos, com diagnóstico inicial de leucemia mieloide aguda, submetido ao TCTH-alo em maio de 2017. No D+ 224, o paciente evoluiu para um quadro de DECHc acometendo a pele, a cavidade oral e o trato gastrointestinal, porém com dentes ainda hígidos. No D+ 392, o paciente queixou-se de boca seca, e foram observadas lesões orais, sialometria de 0,024 mL/min e evolução de lesões cariosas nos dentes 17, 15, 22, 25, 27, 38, 45 e 46. No D+ 560, o paciente ainda estava com DECHc oral e houve progressão das cáries em inúmeros dentes. Tratamento e Resultados: O manejo terapêutico adotado consistiu na utilização de diamino fluoreto de prata pela propriedade cariostática com redução da odontalgia e, posteriormente, foram realizadas as restaurações dentárias. Além disso, o paciente foi orientado em relação à dieta, à manutenção da higiene oral e ao uso de lubrificante oral na tentativa de amenizar a xerostomia. Conclusão: Observou-se, neste caso clínico, que o diamino fluoreto de prata foi eficaz no controle da evolução da cárie e redução da odontalgia no paciente adulto. É evidente a importância da capacitação dos cirurgiões-dentistas no que diz respeito ao conhecimento sobre a utilização de cariostáticos em pacientes com alterações na qualidade e quantidade de saliva como os pacientes com DECHc oral. Palavras-chave: Cariostáticos;Doença Enxerto-Hospedeiro; Manifestações Bucais; Relatos de Casos

Introduction: Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is the main cause of morbidity and mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT-alo). Case Report: Dental follow-up of a 59-year-old male patient, with initial diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia, who underwent HSCT-alo in May 2017. At D+ 224, the patient developed a condition of GVHD affecting the skin, oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract, but with still healthy teeth. On D+ 392, the patient complained of dry mouth, oral lesions were observed, and sialometry was 0.024mL/min, with evolution of carious lesions on teeth 17, 15, 22, 25, 27, 38, 45 and 46. At D+ 560, the patient still had oral GVHD and the progression of caries was observed in numerous teeth. Treatment and Results: The therapeutic management adopted consisted of the use of silver diamine fluoride due to its cariostatic property with reduced tooth pain and later dental restorations were performed. In addition, the patient received guidance about diet, maintenance of oral hygiene and - use of oral lubricant to ease xerostomia. Conclusion: It was observed in this clinical case that silver diamine fluoride was effective in controlling the evolution of caries and reducing tooth pain in adult patients. It is evident the importance of training dentists on the knowledge about the use of cariostatic resources in patients with changes in the quality and quantity of saliva, such as patients with oral GVHD

Introducción: La enfermedad crónica del huésped versus el injerto (cGVHD) es la principal causa de morbilidad y mortalidad después del trasplante alogénico de células madre hematopoyéticas (HSCT-alo). Relato del Caso: Seguimiento dental de un paciente masculino de 59 años, con diagnóstico inicial de leucemia mieloide aguda, que se sometió a un HSCT-alo en mayo de 2017. En D+ 224, el paciente desarrolló una condición de EICH que afecta la piel, la cavidad oral y el tracto gastrointestinal, pero con dientes aún sanos. En D+ 392, el paciente se quejó de sequedad en la boca y se observaron lesiones orales y con sialometría de 0,024 ml/min. También presentó evolución de lesiones cariosas en los dientes 17, 15, 22, 25, 27, 38, 45 y 46. En D+ 560, el paciente todavía tenía EICH oral y se observó la progresión de la caries en numerosos dientes. Tratamiento y Resultados: El tratamiento terapéutico adoptado consistió en el uso de diamino fluoruro de plata debido a su propiedad cariostática con reducción del dolor dental y posteriormente se realizaron restauraciones dentales. Además, el paciente recibió instrucciones sobre la dieta, el mantenimiento de la higiene bucal y el uso de lubricante oral en un intento por aliviar la xerostomía. Conclusión: Se observó en este caso clínico que el diamino fluoruro de plata fue efectivo para controlar la evolución de la caries y reducir el dolor dental en pacientes adultos. Es evidente la importancia de capacitar a los dentistas con respecto al conocimiento sobre el uso de recursos cariostáticos en pacientes con cambios en la calidad y cantidad de saliva, como los pacientes con EICH oral

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A criptococose é causada por duas espécies distintas de leveduras capsuladas da divisão dos basidiomicetos, Cryptococcus neoformans e Cryptococccus gattii, as quais causam infecções invasivas emergentes de significativa letalidade, seja em imunodeprimidos ou imunocompetentes. No Brasil, a criptococose por C. gattii tem caráter endêmico, ocorrendo principalmente em indivíduos HIV negativos. O caráter epidêmico deste agente tem sido evidenciado por surtos em animais, sendo o mais significativo a epidemia ocorrida em Vancouver, Canadá, atingindo humanos e animais desde 1999...

Cryptococcosis is caused by two distinct species of capsulated basidiomycetes yeasts, Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococccus gattii, which are responsible for invasive infections with significant lethality, either in immunocompetent or immunocompromised individuals. In Brazil, cryptococcosis by C. gattii is endemic, occurring mainly in HIV negative individuals. The epidemic nature of this agent has been reported by outbreaks in animals and human in Vancouver, Canada, which is the most significant outbreak and started in 1999...

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The aim of the present study was to evaluate the diet and biological attributes of the population of Galeocharax kneriiresiding near net cage fish farming activities in the Chavantes reservoir (Paranapanema River, Brazil) to check their possible impacts. Samples were collected from two populations: one near the net cages (NC) and one from an area not influenced by these cages denominated the "reference site" (RS). Monthly sampling was carried out from March 2008 to February 2009. Fish were caught with a standardized effort using gill nets deployed for 14 hours. The alimentary index (AI) and degree of repletion (RD) were calculated to determine diet composition. Analyses of the sex ratio and the gonadosomatic index (GSI) were also performed. The calculations of AI revealed that fish wastes constituted the most frequent food item in the diet in both study areas (NC = 70.43; RS = 87.55), followed by the consumption of Apareiodon affinis(AI= 29.56), which was abundant near the NC, and prawn at the reference site (AI = 12.28). The sex ratio differed from 1:1 and mature individuals were only found in the population near the NC. The findings demonstrate that G. kneriiindirectly benefits from the input of organic matter, using small fish as its main food resource. We conclude that the activities of fish farming influence diet and biological attributes of the species G. knerii, evidenced mainly by higher feeding activity, numerical abundance and biomass in the area of the cages.(AU)

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a dieta e atributos biológicos das populações de Galeocharax knerii residentes ao redor de uma piscicultura em tanques-rede no reservatório de Chavantes, para verificar seus possíveis impactos. Para isto, foram coletadas amostras da população em torno dos tanques-rede (TR) e, em uma área sem influência da piscicultura, denominado "controle" (CT). As amostragens ocorreram mensalmente, de março 2008 a fevereiro de 2009. Os peixes foram capturados com rede de espera com esforço padronizado, expostas por 14horas. Para determinar a composição da dieta, foi calculado o índice alimentar (IAi) e o grau de repleção (GR). Foi analisada a razão sexual e índice gonodossomático (IG). O cálculo do índice alimentar (IAi) revelou que restos de peixes constituiu o item mais frequente na dieta em ambas as áreas de estudo (TR = 70,43; CT = 87,55) seguido pelo consumo da espécie de peixe Apareiodon affinis (IA = 29,56), abundante em torno dos tanques, e camarão, na área controle (IAi = 12,28). A razão sexual diferiu de 1:1 e indivíduos maduros na população foram encontrados somente em torno dos tanques-rede. Os resultados mostram a habilidade da espécie em se beneficiar da entrada de matéria orgânica de forma indireta, utilizando como fonte de alimento principal, peixes de pequeno porte. Conclui-se que as atividades da piscicultura influenciam a dieta e os atributos biológicos da espécie G. knerii, evidenciado, principalmente, pela maior atividade alimentar, abundância numérica e biomassa na área dos tanques-rede.(AU)

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