RESUMO

Animals in human care often exceed the life expectancy of animals in the wild when they have veterinarian follow-ups, no competition for space or food, and continuous care. Advanced age favors the development of mutations that often trigger cancer, which sometimes causes death. There are reports in the literature on neoplasms in lions in the liver, which are one of the main organs affected. A 20-year-old lion specimen was received for necropsy at the Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil. Multiple cystic dilations were observed in the liver. Histologically, they were internally covered by a simple cuboidal epithelium, similar to that observed in the bile ducts, without cellular atypia. The adjacent liver parenchyma presented with mild disorganization of the hepatocyte cords. Biliary cystadenomas are benign growths formed by a thin opaque capsule filled with a slightly yellowish translucent fluid compressing the adjacent liver parenchyma, as highlighted in this case. The epithelium of the cysts was positive for anti-cytokeratin (CK) (EIA/A3E) and anti-CK7, confirming histogenesis in the bile ducts. This study reports a case of biliary cystadenoma in a Panthera leo specimen.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Background: Feline mammary hyperplasia (FMH) is a benign disease that commonly affects young females, once it iscaused by the exaggerated stimulation of endogenous or exogenous progestogen. FMH leads to acute edema and inflammation of the mammary glands and frequently evolve to ulcerations, secondary infections, and systemic clinical signs.Even though it is rare in male cats, progesterone therapy or an unknown endogenous source of hormone can cause thedisease. This report aims to describe a case of FMH in a male feline with no history of hormonal treatment and treatedwith radical surgical resection.Case: A 7-month-old intact male domestic shorthair cat was presented due to acute onset of generalized mammary tumorswhich had progressed for 18 days. Tumors size had 5 cm large in diameter, symmetric, bilateral, and affected all mammaryglands. The tissue was firm, hyperemic, and ulcerated. FMH was initially suspected but with a differential diagnosis formammary adenocarcinoma. Except for pain on tumor palpation, there was no other clinical abnormality. Survey thoracicradiographs and abdominal ultrasound did not find signs of metastasis or hermaphroditism. Fine-needle aspirate biopsy andfurther cytological examination were inconclusive. Surgical resection through a single-stage bilateral total mastectomy andreconstruction using a left flank fold flap was elected. There were no intraoperative complications and the cat recoveredwell, with good healing and no clinical signs 21 days after the surgery. Histological examination of the mammary glandsconfirmed the diagnosis of FMH due to the non-neoplastic characteristics and tissues benign biological behavior. Elevenmonths after diagnosis, the cat was asymptomatic.Discussion: The FMH frequently affects young females and is associated with gestational periods, the end of the estrouscycle, and, most commonly, hormonal therapy with synthetic progesterone. Male cats are rarely affected with or...(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

This study aims to report the detection of N. caninum DNA in a newborn lamb (1) with neurological signs and congenital neosporosis and in a stillborn lamb (2), both born from the same ewe in a herd of Southern Brazil. The lambs were born during different pregnancies of a Suffolk ewe seropositive to N. caninum and seronegative to T. gondii. Histopathological lesions were observed only in the central nervous system of the lambs. The newborn lamb (1) showed mild and focal gliosis in the frontal lobe. In the hippocampal region of the stillborn lamb (2), lymphoplasmacytic perivascular cuffs and N. caninum cysts were observed in the cytoplasm of neurons and confirmed by IHC. PCR was performed using brain samples to detect the protozoa N. caninum and Toxoplasma gondii. The infection with N. caninum was confirmed in the newborn lamb (1) by PCR and in the stillborn lamb (2) by histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and PCR tests.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Background: Feline mammary hyperplasia (FMH) is a benign disease that commonly affects young females, once it iscaused by the exaggerated stimulation of endogenous or exogenous progestogen. FMH leads to acute edema and inflammation of the mammary glands and frequently evolve to ulcerations, secondary infections, and systemic clinical signs.Even though it is rare in male cats, progesterone therapy or an unknown endogenous source of hormone can cause thedisease. This report aims to describe a case of FMH in a male feline with no history of hormonal treatment and treatedwith radical surgical resection.Case: A 7-month-old intact male domestic shorthair cat was presented due to acute onset of generalized mammary tumorswhich had progressed for 18 days. Tumors size had 5 cm large in diameter, symmetric, bilateral, and affected all mammaryglands. The tissue was firm, hyperemic, and ulcerated. FMH was initially suspected but with a differential diagnosis formammary adenocarcinoma. Except for pain on tumor palpation, there was no other clinical abnormality. Survey thoracicradiographs and abdominal ultrasound did not find signs of metastasis or hermaphroditism. Fine-needle aspirate biopsy andfurther cytological examination were inconclusive. Surgical resection through a single-stage bilateral total mastectomy andreconstruction using a left flank fold flap was elected. There were no intraoperative complications and the cat recoveredwell, with good healing and no clinical signs 21 days after the surgery. Histological examination of the mammary glandsconfirmed the diagnosis of FMH due to the non-neoplastic characteristics and tissue’s benign biological behavior. Elevenmonths after diagnosis, the cat was asymptomatic.Discussion: The FMH frequently affects young females and is associated with gestational periods, the end of the estrouscycle, and, most commonly, hormonal therapy with synthetic progesterone. Male cats are rarely affected with or...

Assuntos

RESUMO

In Brazil, the orange-spined hairy dwarf porcupine (Sphiggurus villosus) is widely distributed in the Atlantic Rainforest biome being amongst the most frequently road-killed animal. Porcupines may also be commonly found on forest borders and occasionally, near urban areas where human and domestic dogs injuries caused by its spines may occur. Therefore, the aims of this study were (a) to screen porcupines for TBD pathogens and haemoplasmas and (b) to identify the tick species parasitizing these rodents in Paraná State, southern Brazil. Blood and/or spleen samples were collected from nine orange-spined hairy dwarf porcupines. A total of 275 ticks (34 males, 11 females, 7 nymphs and 223 larvae) were collected from eight porcupines: Amblyomma longirostre, A. parkeri and Amblyomma spp. larvae. Two out of nine (22%; 95% CI: 3%-60%) porcupines were PCR-positive for haemoplasmas. All animals tested negative for Theileria/Babesia spp. and Ehrlichia/Anaplasma spp. by PCR. Phylogenetic and network analysis of the 16S and 23S rRNA gene fragments confirmed that animals were infected by a potentially novel haemotropic Mycoplasma sp. The name 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemosphiggurus' is proposed for this novel organism that should be further fully characterized.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Background: Megaesophagus is a chronic dilation of the esophagus rarely found in horses. Its a non-specific disease that is associated with several causes, and esophageal hypomotility is the dysfunction that most commonly results in organ dilation. In the literature, there are few reports of megaesophagus in horses and, to date, no cases in mule have been reported. The objective of this work is to describe a case of a donkey with thoracic megaesophagus. Case: A 16 year-old donkey, castrated male, mixed breed weighing 195 kg, was referred for clinical care with a history of 5 days of anorexia. On physical examination, apathy, cachexia, 8% dehydration, moderate enophthalmos, ptialism, bilateral nasal discharge, dry and bristling hair were observed. Due to the poor general condition, a nasogastric tube was chosen to perform enteral nutrition, however, it was not possible to progress the tube to the stomach. In order to confirm the suspicion of a possible esophageal obstruction, gastroscopy was performed, where it was possible to observe an esophageal dilation filled with bulky food located in the thoracic portion of the esophagus. In an attempt to stimulate esophageal motility, in order to promote the progression of the material present in the region of dilation, intramuscular metoclopramide was administered (two applications every 6 h), however the treatment had no effect. Due to the unfavorable prognosis and financial limitations of the owner, euthanasia was performed, which was followed by autopsy and histopathological examination. At necropsy, a marked dilation of the esophagus was observed in the thoracic portion, which was filled with approximately 500 grams of bulky food (grass). In the mucosa of this area...(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Background: Megaesophagus is a chronic dilation of the esophagus rarely found in horses. It’s a non-specific disease that is associated with several causes, and esophageal hypomotility is the dysfunction that most commonly results in organ dilation. In the literature, there are few reports of megaesophagus in horses and, to date, no cases in mule have been reported. The objective of this work is to describe a case of a donkey with thoracic megaesophagus. Case: A 16 year-old donkey, castrated male, mixed breed weighing 195 kg, was referred for clinical care with a history of 5 days of anorexia. On physical examination, apathy, cachexia, 8% dehydration, moderate enophthalmos, ptialism, bilateral nasal discharge, dry and bristling hair were observed. Due to the poor general condition, a nasogastric tube was chosen to perform enteral nutrition, however, it was not possible to progress the tube to the stomach. In order to confirm the suspicion of a possible esophageal obstruction, gastroscopy was performed, where it was possible to observe an esophageal dilation filled with bulky food located in the thoracic portion of the esophagus. In an attempt to stimulate esophageal motility, in order to promote the progression of the material present in the region of dilation, intramuscular metoclopramide was administered (two applications every 6 h), however the treatment had no effect. Due to the unfavorable prognosis and financial limitations of the owner, euthanasia was performed, which was followed by autopsy and histopathological examination. At necropsy, a marked dilation of the esophagus was observed in the thoracic portion, which was filled with approximately 500 grams of bulky food (grass). In the mucosa of this area...

Assuntos

RESUMO

Estrogen receptor α (ERα) has an important role in mammary carcinogenesis, prognosis, and treatment. In human and canine mammary cancer, the most aggressive tumors show loss of ERα expression, which in human breast cancer has been attributed to methylation of the cytosine followed by guanine (CpG) island within the estrogen receptor α gene ( ESR1) promoter. This study aimed to investigate the role of ESR1 CpG island (CGI) methylation in ERα expression in canine mammary tumors. Twenty-one canine mammary samples were sorted into three groups: malignant tumor (n = 9), benign tumor (n = 8), and normal gland (n = 4). Immunohistochemical analysis and reverse-transcription quantitative real-time PCR were performed to assess ERα expression and ESR1 mRNA levels. The methylation status was determined using sodium-bisulfite-treated DNA sequencing. All normal mammary glands and benign tumors showed high ERα expression (score range, 5-8). Six of the nine malignant tumors did not show ERα expression (score 0), two had score 2, and one had score 4. Lower ERα ( P < .005) and ESR1 mRNA levels ( P < .005) were found in malignant mammary tumors than in the other two groups. Canine ESR1 has an intragenic and non-promoter-associated CGI, different from humans. No significant variation in methylation percentage was observed among the groups, suggesting that ESR1 is not regulated by DNA methylation, unlike that in humans. This difference should be considered in further research using ERα as a biomarker for mammary tumors in canine studies on ERα-targeting therapy.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Background: Chinchillas are small, long-lived hystricomorph rodents closely related to guinea pigs, porcupines and agoutis. Used extensively in scientific research and fur production, its use as a pet has grown exponentially in the last decade, increasing their presence in veterinary clinics and hospitals. The most common health conditions for chinchillas kept as pets are a result of husbandry or dietary deficiencies, and they rarely develop neoplasia. Although rare, neoplasias do occur in these animals and should be included as differential diagnosis. This report describes the occurrence of mammary adenocarcinoma in a companion chinchilla with several metastatic foci in lungs, liver and kidneys.Case: A 6-year-old female chinchilla (Chinchilla laniger) was presented with progressive hyporexia, apathy and a volume increase in the right axillary region. Since the owner noted purulent secretion in the ulcerated mass, he began treatment, without veterinarian consent, using topic rifampicin, 0.5 mL dipyrone sodium oral and 1.5 mL of enrofloxacin. All of which were used orally, once a day, for five days. On presentation at the veterinary hospital, the animal was poorly responsive, mildly dehydrated and had moderate body condition. Physical examination revealed pale mucous membranes, body temperature of 36.4°C and an increased volume, soft upon palpation, near inguinal area. The mass in the right axillary region was adhered, soft and ulcerated. A fine-needle aspiration was performed and the animal was sent home with instructions to perform forced feeding until the citology results were obtained, which were inconclusive. At the owners request, no other diagnostic tests were performed. Six days after initial examination the animal lost 5% of its body weight as anorexy, lethargy and locomotion difficulties progressed, at which point the owner requested euthanasia. The animal was sent for postmortem examination.[...](AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Background: Chinchillas are small, long-lived hystricomorph rodents closely related to guinea pigs, porcupines and agoutis. Used extensively in scientific research and fur production, its use as a pet has grown exponentially in the last decade, increasing their presence in veterinary clinics and hospitals. The most common health conditions for chinchillas kept as pets are a result of husbandry or dietary deficiencies, and they rarely develop neoplasia. Although rare, neoplasias do occur in these animals and should be included as differential diagnosis. This report describes the occurrence of mammary adenocarcinoma in a companion chinchilla with several metastatic foci in lungs, liver and kidneys.Case: A 6-year-old female chinchilla (Chinchilla laniger) was presented with progressive hyporexia, apathy and a volume increase in the right axillary region. Since the owner noted purulent secretion in the ulcerated mass, he began treatment, without veterinarian consent, using topic rifampicin, 0.5 mL dipyrone sodium oral and 1.5 mL of enrofloxacin. All of which were used orally, once a day, for five days. On presentation at the veterinary hospital, the animal was poorly responsive, mildly dehydrated and had moderate body condition. Physical examination revealed pale mucous membranes, body temperature of 36.4°C and an increased volume, soft upon palpation, near inguinal area. The mass in the right axillary region was adhered, soft and ulcerated. A fine-needle aspiration was performed and the animal was sent home with instructions to perform forced feeding until the citology results were obtained, which were inconclusive. At the owner’s request, no other diagnostic tests were performed. Six days after initial examination the animal lost 5% of its body weight as anorexy, lethargy and locomotion difficulties progressed, at which point the owner requested euthanasia. The animal was sent for postmortem examination.[...]

Assuntos

RESUMO

Background: Leptospirosis is probably the most widespread and prevalent zoonosis in the world, being classified as an emerging infectious disease for humans and dogs. Sporadically, dogs may present with cough and dyspnea, indicative of pulmonary involvement, associated with interstitial pneumonia and pulmonary hemorrhage with alveolar consolidation. Such changes stem from pulmonary haemorrhagic syndrome, which has emerged as a fatal complication, being documented in some areas in Europe and little described in North America. In this sense, the present study aims to report pulmonary hemorrhagic syndrome in a dog with leptospirosis.Case: A dog with no defined breed, aged 45 days, weighing 2.2 kg, with a history of apathy, anorexia, jaundice, hematochezia and vocalisation with a two day evolution was seen. Physical examination revealed a rectal temperature of 37.2°C, icteric mucosa, capillary filling time of two seconds, respiratory rate of 80 movements per minute and heart rate of 140 beats per minute, dehydration rate estimated at 8%, prostration, adequate body score, normal cardiac sounds and clean lung fields, in addition to petechiae in the abdominal region, whose palpation evidenced the presence of fluid in intestinal loops. The blood sample sent to the macroscopic serum agglutination was reagent for the serovar Icterohaemorragiae, titration of 200. Blood count revealed leukocytosis due to neutrophilia, with left-sided deviation, eosinopenia, presence of rare hypersegmentated neutrophils, rare toxic neutrophils, mild cytoplasmic basophilia and rare reactive lymphocytes. Platelet estimation demonstrated thrombocytopenia. No haemoparasites were seen. Regarding the biochemical evaluation, there were changes in liver enzymes and markers of renal failure. Fluid therapy was used with 0.9% NaCl solution, 5 mg/ kg doxycycline intravenously every 12 h and nasogastric probe for administration of nutritional support...

Assuntos

RESUMO

Background: Leptospirosis is probably the most widespread and prevalent zoonosis in the world, being classified as an emerging infectious disease for humans and dogs. Sporadically, dogs may present with cough and dyspnea, indicative of pulmonary involvement, associated with interstitial pneumonia and pulmonary hemorrhage with alveolar consolidation. Such changes stem from pulmonary haemorrhagic syndrome, which has emerged as a fatal complication, being documented in some areas in Europe and little described in North America. In this sense, the present study aims to report pulmonary hemorrhagic syndrome in a dog with leptospirosis.Case: A dog with no defined breed, aged 45 days, weighing 2.2 kg, with a history of apathy, anorexia, jaundice, hematochezia and vocalisation with a two day evolution was seen. Physical examination revealed a rectal temperature of 37.2°C, icteric mucosa, capillary filling time of two seconds, respiratory rate of 80 movements per minute and heart rate of 140 beats per minute, dehydration rate estimated at 8%, prostration, adequate body score, normal cardiac sounds and clean lung fields, in addition to petechiae in the abdominal region, whose palpation evidenced the presence of fluid in intestinal loops. The blood sample sent to the macroscopic serum agglutination was reagent for the serovar Icterohaemorragiae, titration of 200. Blood count revealed leukocytosis due to neutrophilia, with left-sided deviation, eosinopenia, presence of rare hypersegmentated neutrophils, rare toxic neutrophils, mild cytoplasmic basophilia and rare reactive lymphocytes. Platelet estimation demonstrated thrombocytopenia. No haemoparasites were seen. Regarding the biochemical evaluation, there were changes in liver enzymes and markers of renal failure. Fluid therapy was used with 0.9% NaCl solution, 5 mg/ kg doxycycline intravenously every 12 h and nasogastric probe for administration of nutritional support...(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

A cinomose é uma doença de desafio diagnóstico, especialmente quando não há histórico de vacinação. O objetivo deste estudo foi detectar e quantificar partículas virais de cinomose em diferentes fluidos e tecidos biológicos de um cão, determinando o melhor tecido para diagnóstico viral ante mortem na fase de viremia. Atendeu-se um cão adulto com manifestações clínicas inespecíficas e corpúsculos de Sinegaglia Lentz em linfócitos. Amostras post mortem foram submetidas a PCR em tempo real (qPCR), que demonstrou RNA viral em concentrações de (x105) em líquor (1.216), bexiga (1.009), cérebro (605), sangue (572), cerebelo (523), rins (373), fígado (257), pulmões (191), estômago (154), terceira pálpebra (70) e urina (2,1). A técnica de qPCR permitiu confirmar a infecção pelo vírus, descartando vacinação recente. A amostra de líquor mostrou-se representativa para diagnóstico molecular de fase aguda de cinomose no animal estudado.(AU)

Canine distemper is a disease of challenging diagnosis, particularly when no vaccination history is available. The aim of this study was to detect and quantify distemper viral particles in different tissues and biological fluids of a dog, thus determining the best sample for ante mortem viral diagnosis during the viremic phase. An adult dog was received with non-specific clinical manifestations and scarce viral inclusions in lymphocytes. Post mortem samples were submitted to real-time PCR (qPCR), which demonstrated the following viral RNA concentrations (x105): cerebrospinal fluid (1,216), bladder (1,009), brain (605), blood (572), cerebellum (523), kidneys (373), liver (257), lungs (191), stomach (154), nictitating membrane (70) and urine (2.1). The qPCR technique allowed confirmation of viral infection, ruling out interference from recent vaccination. The cerebrospinal fluid sample proved to be representative of molecular diagnosis of the acute phase of canine distemper in the animal studied.(AU)

El moquillo es una enfermedad desafiante desde el punto de vista diagnóstico, especialmente cuando no existen datos sobre la vacunación. El objetivo de este estudio fue detectar y cuantificar partículas virales de moquillo en diferentes líquidos y tejidos de un perro, determinando el mejor tejido para el diagnóstico viral ante mortem en fase de viremia. Se atendió un perro adulto con manifestaciones clínicas inespecíficas y corpúsculos de Sinegaglia Lentz en linfocitos. Muestras post mortem fueron evaluadas con PCR en tiempo real (cPCR), que mostraron ARN viral en concentraciones de (x105) en líquido cefalorraquídeo (1.216), vejiga (1.009), cerebro (605), sangre (572), cerebelo (523), riñones (373), hígado (257), pulmones (191), estómago (154), tercer párpado (70) y orina (2,1). La técnica de cPCR permitió confirmar la infección viral, descartando una vacunación reciente. La muestra de líquido cefalorraquídeo fue representativa para el diagnóstico molecular en fase aguda de moquillo en el animal estudiado.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

A cinomose é uma doença de desafio diagnóstico, especialmente quando não há histórico de vacinação. O objetivo deste estudo foi detectar e quantificar partículas virais de cinomose em diferentes fluidos e tecidos biológicos de um cão, determinando o melhor tecido para diagnóstico viral ante mortem na fase de viremia. Atendeu-se um cão adulto com manifestações clínicas inespecíficas e corpúsculos de Sinegaglia Lentz em linfócitos. Amostras post mortem foram submetidas a PCR em tempo real (qPCR), que demonstrou RNA viral em concentrações de (x105) em líquor (1.216), bexiga (1.009), cérebro (605), sangue (572), cerebelo (523), rins (373), fígado (257), pulmões (191), estômago (154), terceira pálpebra (70) e urina (2,1). A técnica de qPCR permitiu confirmar a infecção pelo vírus, descartando vacinação recente. A amostra de líquor mostrou-se representativa para diagnóstico molecular de fase aguda de cinomose no animal estudado.

Canine distemper is a disease of challenging diagnosis, particularly when no vaccination history is available. The aim of this study was to detect and quantify distemper viral particles in different tissues and biological fluids of a dog, thus determining the best sample for ante mortem viral diagnosis during the viremic phase. An adult dog was received with non-specific clinical manifestations and scarce viral inclusions in lymphocytes. Post mortem samples were submitted to real-time PCR (qPCR), which demonstrated the following viral RNA concentrations (x105): cerebrospinal fluid (1,216), bladder (1,009), brain (605), blood (572), cerebellum (523), kidneys (373), liver (257), lungs (191), stomach (154), nictitating membrane (70) and urine (2.1). The qPCR technique allowed confirmation of viral infection, ruling out interference from recent vaccination. The cerebrospinal fluid sample proved to be representative of molecular diagnosis of the acute phase of canine distemper in the animal studied.

El moquillo es una enfermedad desafiante desde el punto de vista diagnóstico, especialmente cuando no existen datos sobre la vacunación. El objetivo de este estudio fue detectar y cuantificar partículas virales de moquillo en diferentes líquidos y tejidos de un perro, determinando el mejor tejido para el diagnóstico viral ante mortem en fase de viremia. Se atendió un perro adulto con manifestaciones clínicas inespecíficas y corpúsculos de Sinegaglia Lentz en linfocitos. Muestras post mortem fueron evaluadas con PCR en tiempo real (cPCR), que mostraron ARN viral en concentraciones de (x105) en líquido cefalorraquídeo (1.216), vejiga (1.009), cerebro (605), sangre (572), cerebelo (523), riñones (373), hígado (257), pulmones (191), estómago (154), tercer párpado (70) y orina (2,1). La técnica de cPCR permitió confirmar la infección viral, descartando una vacunación reciente. La muestra de líquido cefalorraquídeo fue representativa para el diagnóstico molecular en fase aguda de moquillo en el animal estudiado.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Nasal obstructions caused by nasal septal diseases are uncommon in horses and the main causes are malformations, mucosal lesions, neoplasias and trauma. The aim of this case report is to describe two cases of nasal obstruction in foals. Clinical signs were progressive with reduction of air flow bilaterally, intense respiratory noise and dyspnea. Endoscopy evaluation was not performed because, in both cases, it was not possible to introduce the probe into the nasal cavity due to bilateral stenosis. Radiographic exam confirmed nasal septum thickness. Both animals were submitted to septum resection surgery. In order to promote a better respiratory condition, tracheotomy was performed in both foals prior the surgery. The surgical technique applied was modified from DOYLE technique described previously (2005). Briefly, nasal bone trephine role was initially done in order to do osteotomy of its caudal portion. For osteotomy a modified osteotomy was used. The dorsal and ventral limits of the nasal bone were removed with a obstetric wire protected by metalical guide. After surgical recovery, in both cases, the clinical exam showed that the air flow was normal and without noise, allowing the foals to breathe normally. Tracheotomy healed by second intention. After eight months both foals breathed comfortably and they were suitable for physical activity. Histopathology evaluation did not

Obstruções nasais causadas por doenças do septo nasal são incomuns em cavalos e as principais causas são: malformações, lesões nas mucosas, neoplasias e trauma. O objetivo deste relato é descrever dois casos de obstrução nasal congênita em potros. Os sinais clínicos demonstravam redução progressiva do fluxo de ar bilateral, ruído respiratório e dispnéia intensa. Não foi possível realizar avaliação endoscópica pois em ambos os casos, não foi possível introduzir o equipamento na cavidade nasal devido à estenose bilateral. O exame radiográfico confirmou o aumento na espessura do septo nasal. Os animais foram submetidos à cirurgia de ressecção de septo. Para promover uma melhor condição respiratória a traqueostomia foi realizada nos dois potros antes da cirurgia. A técnica cirúrgica utilizada foi modificado da técnica descrita anteriormente DOYLE (2005). Inicialmente foi realizada a trepanação do osso nasal para osteotomia da porção caudal do septo, com auxilio de osteótomo modificado, sendo os limites dorsais e ventrais do septo removidos com uso de fio serra protegido por guias metálicos. Após a recuperação cirúrgica, nos dois casos, o exame clínico mostrou que o fluxo de ar estava normal e sem ruídos permitindo aos potros respirar normalmente. A traqueostomia cicatrizou por segunda intenção. Após oito meses os dois animais respi

RESUMO

Nasal obstructions caused by nasal septal diseases are uncommon in horses and the main causes are malformations, mucosal lesions, neoplasias and trauma. The aim of this case report is to describe two cases of nasal obstruction in foals. Clinical signs were progressive with reduction of air flow bilaterally, intense respiratory noise and dyspnea. Endoscopy evaluation was not performed because, in both cases, it was not possible to introduce the probe into the nasal cavity due to bilateral stenosis. Radiographic exam confirmed nasal septum thickness. Both animals were submitted to septum resection surgery. In order to promote a better respiratory condition, tracheotomy was performed in both foals prior the surgery. The surgical technique applied was modified from DOYLE technique described previously (2005). Briefly, nasal bone trephine role was initially done in order to do osteotomy of its caudal portion. For osteotomy a modified osteotomy was used. The dorsal and ventral limits of the nasal bone were removed with a obstetric wire protected by metalical guide. After surgical recovery, in both cases, the clinical exam showed that the air flow was normal and without noise, allowing the foals to breathe normally. Tracheotomy healed by second intention. After eight months both foals breathed comfortably and they were suitable for physical activity. Histopathology evaluation did not

Obstruções nasais causadas por doenças do septo nasal são incomuns em cavalos e as principais causas são: malformações, lesões nas mucosas, neoplasias e trauma. O objetivo deste relato é descrever dois casos de obstrução nasal congênita em potros. Os sinais clínicos demonstravam redução progressiva do fluxo de ar bilateral, ruído respiratório e dispnéia intensa. Não foi possível realizar avaliação endoscópica pois em ambos os casos, não foi possível introduzir o equipamento na cavidade nasal devido à estenose bilateral. O exame radiográfico confirmou o aumento na espessura do septo nasal. Os animais foram submetidos à cirurgia de ressecção de septo. Para promover uma melhor condição respiratória a traqueostomia foi realizada nos dois potros antes da cirurgia. A técnica cirúrgica utilizada foi modificado da técnica descrita anteriormente DOYLE (2005). Inicialmente foi realizada a trepanação do osso nasal para osteotomia da porção caudal do septo, com auxilio de osteótomo modificado, sendo os limites dorsais e ventrais do septo removidos com uso de fio serra protegido por guias metálicos. Após a recuperação cirúrgica, nos dois casos, o exame clínico mostrou que o fluxo de ar estava normal e sem ruídos permitindo aos potros respirar normalmente. A traqueostomia cicatrizou por segunda intenção. Após oito meses os dois animais respiravam confortavelmente, estando aptos à atividade f

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Determinar experimentalmente a eficácia do adesivo cirúrgico de etil-2-cianoacrilato na reparação do parênquima pulmonar após lobectomias parciais em ratos em relação a hemostasia/aerostasia, cicatrização e tempo cirúrgico. MÉTODOS: O estudo envolveu 30 ratos Wistar, divididos aleatoriamente em cinco grupos (grupo controle e quatro grupos de estudo. Nos grupos de estudo, o reparo do parênquima pulmonar foi realizado ou com o adesivo ou por sutura após lobectomia parcial de um fragmento pequeno ou grande (25 por cento ou 50 por cento, respectivamente) do lobo inferior caudal esquerdo. RESULTADOS: O tempo cirúrgico e o tempo de hemostasia foram menores nos grupos submetidos ao uso do adesivo. Não houve diferenças significativas na complacência pulmonar específica entre os grupos. Aderências e reações inflamatórias foram mais severas nos grupos submetidos a sutura. CONCLUSÕES: Neste estudo, o uso de adesivo de cianoacrilato ajudou a reduzir o tempo cirúrgico e a intensidade de reações inflamatórias, assim como preservou a complacência pulmonar. Adesivos de cianoacrilato devem ser considerados como uma opção no reparo do parênquima pulmonar, diminuindo o risco de complicações após lobectomia parcial em humanos.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of ethyl 2-cyanoacrylate adhesive in repairing the lung parenchyma after partial lobectomy in rats, in terms of hemostasis/aerostasis, scarring, and surgical time. METHODS:The study involved 30 Wistar rats, randomly divided into five groups (one control group and four study groups). In the study groups, the lung parenchyma was repaired with either cyanoacrylate adhesive or surgical suture following resection of a small or large fragment (25 percent or 50 percent, respectively) of the left caudal lung lobe. RESULTS: Surgical time and hemostasis time were shorter in the two groups treated with the adhesive than in the two submitted to suture. There were no significant differences among the groups regarding specific lung compliance. Adherences and inflammatory reactions were more severe in the groups submitted to suture. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the use of cyanoacrylate adhesive helped reduce the surgical time and the intensity of inflammatory reactions, as well as preserving lung compliance. Cyanoacrylate adhesives should be considered an option for lung parenchyma repair, decreasing the risk of complications after partial lobectomy in humans.

Assuntos

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of ethyl 2-cyanoacrylate adhesive in repairing the lung parenchyma after partial lobectomy in rats, in terms of hemostasis/aerostasis, scarring, and surgical time. METHODS: The study involved 30 Wistar rats, randomly divided into five groups (one control group and four study groups). In the study groups, the lung parenchyma was repaired with either cyanoacrylate adhesive or surgical suture following resection of a small or large fragment (25% or 50%, respectively) of the left caudal lung lobe. RESULTS: Surgical time and hemostasis time were shorter in the two groups treated with the adhesive than in the two submitted to suture. There were no significant differences among the groups regarding specific lung compliance. Adherences and inflammatory reactions were more severe in the groups submitted to suture. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the use of cyanoacrylate adhesive helped reduce the surgical time and the intensity of inflammatory reactions, as well as preserving lung compliance. Cyanoacrylate adhesives should be considered an option for lung parenchyma repair, decreasing the risk of complications after partial lobectomy in humans.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Achillea millefolium L. (Asteraceae), popularly known as yarrow, has been used in folk medicine to treat complaints such as inflammation, pain, wounds, hemorrhages and gastrointestinal disturbances. The aim of the present study was to assess the safety and efficacy of the aqueous extract (AE) of the plant after chronic exposure. Indeed, the AE was effective in protecting the gastric mucosa against acute gastric lesions induced by ethanol and indomethacin and in healing chronic gastric lesions induced by acetic acid with (ED(50)=32 mg/kg, p.o.). Safety studies were performed in female and male Wistar rats treated daily with AE (0.3-1.2 g/kg, p.o./day) or vehicle (water, 10 ml/kg/day) for 28 or 90 consecutive days. Satellite groups consisted of animals sacrificed 30 days after the end of these treatments. Clinical observations, body and organ weight measurements, gross autopsy, hematology, clinical biochemical and histopathological examinations were performed. Slight changes in liver weight, cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and glucose were observed in male and female animals. These changes were not correlated with dose or time of exposure of the animals to the AE. Overall, the results show the antiulcer potential of the aerial parts of the Achillea millefolium which is accompanied by no signs of relevant toxicity even at very long chronic exposure.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Este trabalho tem como objetivo descrever um caso de calcinose circunscrita, além de apresentar uma revisão de literatura sobre mineralização de tecidos moles em cão. Uma fêmea da espécie canina com sete anos de idade, raça Rottweiler apresentado um nódulo na região metatársica lateral direita, foi tratada no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal do Paraná, campus Curitiba. Após a avaliação radiográfica e biópsia incisional com laudos sugestivos de calcinose tumoral, procedeu-se a avaliação laboratorial, por meio de hemograma, exames bioquímicos, dosagens de cálcio e fósforo e urinálise. Não sendo constatadas alterações compatíveis com hipercalcemia, procederam-se a excisão cirúrgica do tecido calcificado e o exame histopatológico. Pelo estudo microscópico foi confirmado o diagnóstico de calcinose circunscrita. Apesar de ser menos freqüente em cães, etiologicamente a mineralização ectópica pode ser confirmada como idiopática, pois não se constatou sinais compatíveis com lesões crônicas, nefropatias e desvios metabólicos de cálcio e fósforo, alterações estas predisponentes da calcificação distrófica ou metastática em cães(AU)

This work has as objective to describe a case of calcinosis Circumscripta, besides that presenting a literature revision about soft tissue mineralization in dog. A 7-year-old, female Rottweiler presenting a nodule in the right metatarsus, was treated in the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Parana, Curitiba. After the x-ray evaluation and incisional biopsy with suggestive findings of tumoral calcinosis, the laboratorial evaluation was proceeded, through hematology and biochemical exams, calcium and phosphorus dosages and urinalyses. Not being verified compatible alterations with hypercalcemia, the surgical excision of the calcified tissue and the histopathology exam were proceeded. Through the microscopic study, the diagnosis of calcinosis Circumscripta was confirmed. In spite of being less frequent in dogs, the ectopic mineralization can be confirmed as idiopathic, because compatible signs with chronic lesions, nephorathies and metabolic deviations of calcium and phosphorus were not verified and these alterations can cause the dystrophic or metastasis of calcium and phosphorus were not verified and these alterations can cause the dystrophic or metastasis calcification in dogs(AU)

Assuntos