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Introducción: la fibromialgia (FM) es una enfermedad crónica caracterizada por dolor musculoesquelético y un espectro de síntomas somáticos. Se asocia a un alto costo y compromiso en la calidad de vida de los pacientes, razón por la que es necesaria una política pública en atención primaria de salud (APS) en Chile, que contribuya con el diagnóstico temprano, tratamiento y seguimiento. Métodos: revisión bibliográfica narrativa centrada en las características de la FM, tratamiento y políticas públicas vigentes (Chile, España y Uru-guay), utilizando PubMed, Cochrane, Epistemonikos, Google Scholar y GreyLit. La búsqueda se realizó desde el 3 de septiembre al 11 de diciembre de 2020. Resultados: la prevalencia global de la FM alcanza el 2,7%, con una proporción mujeres y hombres de 3:1. Se estima una prevalencia entre 1 a 2% y un alto impacto en la calidad de vida y un alto costo asociado a discapacidad. Uruguay y España han implementado políticas públicas para FM, con enfoque principal en atención de salud integral y plan de reinserción laboral. En Chile, no existe la incorporación de la FM en ningún programa de salud que garantice el acceso y tratamiento. Conclusión: la FM es una enfermedad polisintomática, que impacta en la calidad de vida de los pacientes. Dada su prevalencia a nivel nacional, retraso en el diagnóstico e inicio de un tratamiento, se ve justificada una política pública. En el presente artículo se propone la creación de Unidades de Fibromialgia en APS, cuyas características consideren aspectos de interdisciplinaridad y territorialidad que permitan un acceso rápido a diagnóstico, tratamiento, seguimiento, derivación oportuna a especialistas y educación a los pacientes y profesionales.

Introduction: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic musculoskeletal disease related to a somatic symptoms spectrum. It is associated with high economic costs and the deterioration of patients' quality of life. That explains why a public policy in the primary healthcare system (PHS) is necessary for Chile to contribute to early diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up. Methods: Narrative bibliographic review, focused on the FM clinical characteristics, their treatment, and current public policies about FM in Chile, Spain, and Uruguay. We utilized PubMed, Cochrane, Epistemonikos, Google Scholar, and Greylist as search engines from September 3rd to December 11th, 2020. Results: The FM global prevalence is 2.7%, with a proportion female: male 3:1, and in Chile is between 1.1% to 3.9%, with a high impact on the quality of life and high cost related to disability. Uruguay and Spain have implemented public policies about FM, especially in diagnosis and treat-ment. In Chile, there are not any health programs that guarantee access and early treatment to FM. Conclusion: FM is a polysymptomatic disease, which impacts to quality of life of patients. Given its prevalence in Chile, and the delay in diagnosis and treatment, a public policy is justified. This article proposes the creation of Fibromyalgia Units in PHC whose characteristics consider aspects of interdisciplinary and territorial that allow access and opportune treatment to FM, follow-up, timely referral to specialists, and pain education to patients.

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Conflicts of interest are situations in which professional judgment concerning a primary interest, tends to be influenced by a secondary interest. These conflicts could compromise the reliability of biomedical research and result in the dissemination of biased results. Therefore, it is essential to protect the integrity of them, because this information could be used in the development of health policy, medical education and clinical decision making. Conflicts of interest disclosure, is a bioethical tool that contributes to transparent these conflicts, but it is used inappropriately and insufficiently. To be useful, it must be based on clear principles, it should help to perform a critical analysis and should be considered in the design of every research project. This review is an analysis of the conflicts of interest disclosure, its scope and limitations and should contribute to develop a greater awareness of its importance.

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INTRODUCCIÓN: Los conflictos de intereses son condiciones en donde el interés primario es influenciado por uno secundario, comprometiendo la confianza en la investigación y difundiendo resultados sesgados. La declaración de conflictos de intereses (DCI) debe tener un fundamento claro, ser útil y parte de la estructura de toda investigación. OBJETIVO: Analizar la presencia de una DCI en las investigaciones publicados en la Revista Chilena de Ortopedia y Traumatología (RCHOT) y la Revista Chilena de Neurocirugía (RNC) en el periodo 2002-2015. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Investigación descriptiva, retrospectiva y documental. Se llevó a cabo una revisión de trabajos publicados en la RCHOT y RNC, entre el 2002 y 2015. Los datos fueron analizados con el programa estadístico SPSS Statistics (versión 21). RESULTADOS: Se revisaron 596 trabajos, encontrándose DCI en 30,5%, siendo principalmente de financiamiento. La RCHOT presentó 70% de DCI, siendo en 2002 del 14% y en 2015 del 90%. La pertenencia del autor principal al comité editorial fue de 14%, y en un 73% de los trabajos, las instituciones de origen tenían representación en ese comité. Para la RNC se encontró un 2,3% de DCI. El 8,4% de los autores principales pertenecían al comité, y el 24% de las instituciones de origen de los trabajos tenían representatividad en el mismo. CONCLUSIONES: La DCI en la RCHOT fue irregular y centrada en el financiamiento. La DCI en la RNC fue casi nula. Es de esperar que esta investigación sea útil para los comités editoriales en el diseño de políticas y en desarrollar sensibilización en relación con una DCI.

INTRODUCTION: Conflicts of interests are situations in which a primary interest is influenced by a secondary interest. It could compromise the reliability of biomedical research and result in the dissemination of biased results. Declarations of conflicts of interests (DCI) must have a clear basis, be useful, and be part of the structure of all research. OBJECTIVE: To analyse the presence of the DCI in studies published in the Revista Chilena de Ortopedia y Traumatologia (RCHOT) and Revista Chilena de Neurocirugía (RNC), between 2002 and 2015. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A descriptive, retrospective and documental was performed by reviewing all papers published in the RCHOT and RNC between 2002 and 2015. All the information was analysed using the statistics program SPSS Statistics (version 21). RESULTS: After reviewing 596 papers, the DCI was found in 30.5% of them, mainly about funding. In RCHOT, 70% of the papers presented a DCI. In 2002 the DCI was 14%, and 90% in 2015. The principal author belonged to the editorial committee in 14%, and in the 73% of the papers, the institution of origin had representation on this editorial committee. In the case of RNC, 2.3% presented a DCI, 8.4% of the principal authors belonged to the editorial committee, and the 24% of the institutions of origin of the papers were represented on this committee. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of a DCI in RCHOT was irregular, and concentrated on funding aspects. The DCI in RNC was almost non-existent. Hopefully, this study will be useful for editorial committees in order to establish editorial policies and develop an awareness of the DCI.

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Conflicts of interest are situations in which professional judgment concerning a primary interest, tends to be influenced by a secondary interest. These conflicts could compromise the reliability of biomedical research and result in the dissemination of biased results. Therefore, it is essential to protect the integrity of them, because this information could be used in the development of health policy, medical education and clinical decision making. Conflicts of interest disclosure, is a bioethical tool that contributes to transparent these conflicts, but it is used inappropriately and insufficiently. To be useful, it must be based on clear principles, it should help to perform a critical analysis and should be considered in the design of every research project. This review is an analysis of the conflicts of interest disclosure, its scope and limitations and should contribute to develop a greater awareness of its importance.

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